MODULE-3
DC MACHINES
- An eletinal mauhine tat tewoto eleutial
MoTOR
Qnngy into meehanieal enqy:
NMACHINE - A dnie eih vewle mahaveal
ELE CTRiCAL
anengy into alutuiral enurye
TYPES oF DC MOTOR -T e ane t mnain
Dc motat
+Pesunenent wagt
shut Dc uotass
De Moteu
Cormpoud
ELECTRic GENERATOR (0R) ALTER NATOR - A geneatan uo ene
Asluieh cemet ehanial ngy unto altieal sugy. It
laus egg eletsemagnutie induetien,
Faroday s las
werks n Faraday
FARADA V's LAw- nhaneen
hene aa conduuton uit maqucie flux, an
fre Cndwte1.
Rinedien onent
2
Flu
alvanemeton bMagnet
dt
e indud s f
N Nubeo g tons
hange in dme
cendten Aicto a
t d in tae Conduta
intued Aawsn aa dewvent to flouo
DC - MACHINES
An aeutual masine nto enegy rom one famto
into ltuual n
en the ethn hand t ento
wtko alled aa genraton , t is alled as
into mehavinal
motan. DC Mahines
ELstial Mahns
- Ac Maehines
DC GENERAToR
A annatan uo ene ieh e t o mehanual rgy into
t weks en
famaday's
magstis indutien.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
hun sil is alleed to helate in an wnipan
’ A single sped.
nagualie jld at a ewkaut
,AA t uil takes diggev fastons in the magntie istd
sith t loil ehanges and hane the maqtidu
the
indud in it aleo honges.
’when thu (atd
col is at
at partien I, the nati y hange ply
my ndutd Moimm,kos
vo mazimum beause. the
’ At'Pasitien 2, the us mayinum.
4whang 4 linkng.
’ This
EmE
2
t’i
B- Magntie flux danil
tue cendtey
9
CONSTRUCTI0NAL DETALS:
she
The bc genenatan (ensist q yoke , Pole cae and pole
pele col, honatne , comelata , Bushs and pBeangg.
9
N
sPale coit
Pele shae
>shaft
Cemuletan
>Aounatune
Yeke
Fect
Yoke - t s made e1 maanstie matial. The main pupese
amatune and
to poleude suppat te tue
eg the yeke is
eld widing and aho to aroy ta magntie plne
fe pele.
made up of kast
iss made
ane on
Pale cae and Pola shae - Pole
pole sloe not eny sgpoutb
ast teel. the pole
He
pole coil bett elso spreae tue
Both pole cae and pole shoe Jamirated to
Hedure tre Leddy duwwnt lass.
drum wsistig
Anmakune - u is a yindialstel. 4
o the
The thiekness
Aineulan slamping eg silionto O.5 mm
feem o.35 to
o.35
hlampin aies late tuem in the
anmatoe io to
’ The pepese 4 Low nelulane path
Magnetie field peeride a
ybndinal in shape and ensist
londutiity: lopper sments cnltid
ere ancthn by a thin layen
The antien e conetata úo to enet tue AC
ndueed n t e annatune into uç dinetienal ent
un the etnal uuit.
bowshes
Bushe - he
fovem te cemlate. The howshes ae made abor
- The beasiny ae fited nside tue louen and
(
thein panpas
to tue aumatse.
ATU REWINDINGs Oy tue
the alots
fhe anatul Conduu plaed in
tas ce plaed
Cendutay
ae not only insulated fem
aLmatwe, the lendutas the aniatue slot
ene anothey beut abo olhey eittan a
lenneeteed
anatwe tondltas auL
windiy
LOMMUTATO R geneatud
lemuny the atkevaling nf
Tlhe conmleta diwt uent vellage
windings inta
un the avmatue
in hape and s
is huilt
emulatan s ylindviaal
’ Tae made og hand duawn aoppen
4 nudye shaped tegit firemn ne another and uem the
wiuh ane insulthed
shalt by
SHAFT AND BEAR ING5 a pone
qnatune fisd to it,
de to hehiuh , tuu
Numhen Bbwses eNumb B=
a(elae) A Ppats=
panilel Numbn
ef =A
eil othen te Bnen
the whnpeses, w
hohen
wINDING WAVE WINDINGn LAP
AND WINDIN BETWEEN
CAP DIFFERENCE
VWINDIN, WAVE
STRUCTION oF Dc GnENERATORtihMsY
ENERATOR
Taouminale > Pole oil
Box
s Pele lave
Pola shae
Comulatan anl
G
Shaft
y Aoumatune
Base plat
mainly onsiutb twe patASA
’ A De genenata
The aationasy pant
slatienary pant and Aetating Pant. and
pnods & tonlat maqntie y tee
meehial inengy to eletiea n
Ac lemuta the
pasts
The slationany pat and -e hatating pant ane sepenated
by a lonsato ) Yoke an magnilie pame ,
oitk poe slae and pail ceil , Base plat
main pols alog wizth hoses and tebninal bov
dintiig eye , Bush box
nolding pact bonaiaa asumakoe , asmakoe nindings ,
terwmulata and Ahajt.
ndig
YoKE oR MAG NETIC FRAMEMao
n smal gensna korrs, Voke io made er uat ion,
Whoneas
’ The yoke suppant te fild nd
.nagnatie iuuit.!
MAIN PoL ES, PoLE SHO ES AND
PoLE CoILS
’The main poles ane made oy an alloy
sbeed e lial
nlatin peneabilila. The pole aane o'lamineted to
udue addy wsnt dasses. The pales ane fixed tu
voke wit the the
Pole cene
Pole coil
>Pola shae
ARMATURE
The amatuse leeuts edasnatue cane and aunatse
windig The aoatwe eou is mnade
Gd leus hess silon sted high pemeahilit
wwauly 0. 4to 0i5mm thick.
amnatiens ,whih aoe
londutan
>Aranatuse slot
’humatne
>Shat
Meatilating duet
AAT URE N)NDIN
WINDIN. Thene
hanay ap windng and wane winding
LAP WINDING - Lap w y aue
huqinement, te aumhen of hushus
nd deu welage
pales.
coil
NAVE WINDING- Nan
and low wsoent mahines It nesmee em
henee wane winding o suitabte fen
than ap widing Tep side ai!wmaltins
Anall gennatai. GP
oil
FP
DHS
SHUNT oENER ATOR
Rsn LOND e
AA Ve
’ let Ta, Tsh ,I be auae , sht guld and doad
kuwata uputivalt
Let ka, Rsh Be be aumatune,shunt fld dnd laad
hesislanes neputivsy
A- AA - AunatuMe touninals
G- GunHakan , f-ff - shut field tenmineb
P - Load (pon) in watt
kso; I - P
VL
Ish = VE
Ksh
(uunvoated emg = Ve t ta kat B.c.D voltbs
ecD Boush Comlaut dop in Vots
aumatne and fisld windigs ane enwcted
’ hohen
panallel aness te lead then the qinna tan úo
in
aled ahut genatan,
sn SHUNT COMP0UND G1ENERATORASShs
Ish IL
LO AP
Rse
Rsh Tat A
(G)Ra
AA
Tse = I t Ish (an)
Ia
IL =PL VE
V
ISh = Vt
Rsh
Vet IaRa + Ia Beo + Bco Vots
E =
ús Ceweted onass t e
tuio ,sht Aied winding
’ n
h aatue and Als
senis lennbination g
SHORT SHUNT G1ENERATOR
Lh ILslv Da=Igh t Ish
Lse IL V R
f
Ih V t (Ise Rse)
LOnD Rsh
Lsh AA
BcD
ty= Ve t Iaka t Ioe Ree t
slunt ild windng is cenneehed enly
ess the amatue
>tRIES 1ENERAORAhaAOno3hu
.cED P =N
Ise
Kse LOAD
Pe R VL
Ia A
Ra TAA
Let Ra, Rse Re be the amatue, senies isld nd lead
husiulanas napuay
Ia, Ise, I, be tae aematwe, seiks ield oad oad
Aumment
Let
hepertiaty
Ve =temina! valage
NP = oad (psn) in ats
A-AA Asunatune tesumnd
y- yy = Ais aild teuninatNN
Ta = Ise I=L
V
Grnsute emf Ea= Vt Ia Rat IaRse t BcD vots
with
when tu fid
theasnate windng t úo aled
n Boies
AA
EME ExPRESSION:
et ; P Numben e polbs
= Fluy fole en hehe
Speed 4 annatue in RPM
N= RPs
matwne in
N speed q a n a t e enductes
bo
e
panalel patts he anatoe
- Nunb panallel path
ndnd in
fnduta d
genatd Tdt
nf ene. oNelutien d )
fendutan duing
aota =xP welken.
Flux ud
pu seeend
rvoutiens bo
Namben 9uNelutien dt)
ass19dutiey be BecuAs
Lime fn elutaunasndie dndution
to
keuavding lendwcta
dý
dt bolN
Vetts
ene patttag
n
Nurleen o londkan
aumatwne
=pPN VAlts.
bo A
Amg gensahed /path = fzNP yolts
box
ER
X
A
boxp
'. E i the EMF aquatinn
TYPES OF
GENERATORS:
bunatans coe lassfic aanding to te mannn in
ohih taein fielee
Asceited g2nnaten
* Bty aneiked qnnateo
TVPES OF GENERATOR
SERARATELY EKcITED SELF ExcITED
SHUNT SERES LOMPUND
LONG SHUNT SHORT SHUNT
SEPARATELY ExcItED- A Jited pC qeneratan us
the u! supplizd by an indapen -
dent c t a DC sewe(lke a
eweikd by a reut frenn
sepaiut eeited
SELF ExcItED - The one wohene field wnding
the genatan iksel.
pC otes n which the amate anel field
ae. enetdàn paalel.
windip ene inn whih tae field winling
wheh the s
SERIES - Tue
berie with tha amnatwu wineling.
loneted in ta
podued bey fae s h t as
coMPOUND- The pild s
windig
LONG SHUNT- whuoe. the shunt fied uiing
and a m a e winoling
paalle with bott Beies
SSHORT SHUNT - Ln wh enly shunt file winding o
in panallel ith te amatse wiading
MOTOR
into
mehal. t úo sinilay in lonhutins to a p
etan Aan be sed as a De
qnenato. Henee a b.c
eenatan and ve- Wosa.
WoRKINo PAINGIPLE- A be motan warks en the psiniple
that shenen a wvt Aasyeng ondutan úo plaed in
ditiog
a magnti fild , it anpurienmç a fon!kandthusule.
fae an by jlaming's gt
FLEMINGs LEFT H
AND RULE:
t sates that" when th thumbfan ing and the
middle Aingn the lst hand a held
hand ane held ietually
dietiom the vaqndie aild , the middle
dinutin
tue woint, then the the
the dinutien g
indiates the dinetien g the
thunt
the conductas.
Aioilanihies betwun Dc motasu and Dc qenoatau.
both Hulay
ndutiem.
wie
both enain ceo maqods
and thay betth Kane
hateding pait
vanableshunit
a tln FLUX Ish
ARMATURE
htehe binethe ’
Conta! aEss the
amate CONTROLED
M
M ’
TROL
CON Aunahune
the
diuit. VCONTROL
Aesistou fild vaiation Re.
matan,
peud husislane OF
Reuvt wowet tenfaneand thviable
atis In METHOD DC
un
Aae MoTO
sies tn buies letel DN
bean
. -
te the SHON
entualled
coneting
with bey fielnesista
d
ped
us Re
Aan
ahatfid diatly s
be put
(ontelled lenneted un
he
the.
AR MAURE cONTROL METHop - SERIES
Ise
’ h this ase
He vdoiaien e the amatwe
te ieutulane.
voclege doop un Re ucus te velage
The
asumatwu,and taafae cthe Aped
FLVX cONTROL
Ise
M V
Te lwy Contal ekod is kaset on the pniiple that by
’
the
In thi mathot d uaiable usistane
an Bies hitt ao
ws (enneted
Aaad hield nhestat M)