1) ∵ �����⃑ 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 × 𝐹𝐹⃑ = (2 , 1) × (2 , −3) = (−6 − 2)𝑘𝑘�⃑ = −8𝑘𝑘�⃑

𝑀𝑀𝑜𝑜 = �����⃑ "𝑎𝑎"

2) ∵ �����⃑
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 𝐴𝐴⃑ − 𝐵𝐵
�⃑ = (3 , −2) − (2 , 4) = (1 , −6)
�����⃑
∵ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑ �⃑
𝐵𝐵 = 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 × 𝐹𝐹 = (1 , −6) × (6 , −8) = 28𝑘𝑘
������⃑
�𝑀𝑀 𝐵𝐵 � 28
∴ 𝐿𝐿 = = = 2.8 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 "𝑏𝑏"
�𝐹𝐹⃑⃑ � �62 +(−8)2

3) Let 𝐹𝐹⃑ = (𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 , 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 ) acts at 𝐴𝐴(−3 , 2)

�����⃑
∵ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑
𝐵𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 28𝑘𝑘
�⃑
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑
𝐵𝐵 = 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 × 𝐹𝐹 , ∴ 28𝑘𝑘�⃑ = (−6 , 1) × �𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 , 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 �
∴ −6𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 − 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 28 , ∴ −𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 − 6𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 28 (1)
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑
𝐶𝐶 = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 × 𝐹𝐹 , ∴ 28𝑘𝑘�⃑ = (−2 , −2) × �𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 , 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 �
∴ −2𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 + 2𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 28 , ∴ 2𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 − 2𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 28 ( 2)
Solving (1) and (2):
∴ 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 8 , 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = −6 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ = 8𝚤𝚤̂ − 6𝚥𝚥̂ "𝑏𝑏"
�����⃑
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 (3 ,−4) 3 4
4) ∵ �𝐹𝐹⃑ � = 10 acts at �����⃑
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 , �������⃑
∴ 𝑈𝑈 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = �����⃑�
= = � ,− �
�𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �(3)2 +(−4)2 5 5
3 4
∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ = �𝐹𝐹⃑ � × 𝑈𝑈
�������⃑
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 10 × � , − � = (6 , −8)
5 5
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 × 𝐹𝐹⃑ = (2 , 7) × (6 , −8) = −58𝑘𝑘�⃑
�����⃑𝑜𝑜 = �����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀
∴ The algebraic measure of the moment = −58 "𝑐𝑐"
5) Let 𝐹𝐹⃑ = 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 𝚤𝚤̂ + 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 𝚥𝚥̂ and the line of action of the force intersects the: 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
at 𝐴𝐴( 𝑥𝑥 , 0)
�����⃑ = ( 𝑥𝑥 , 0)
∵ 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 , ������⃑
∵ 𝑀𝑀 �
𝑂𝑂 = 27𝑘𝑘
������⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑ �
𝑂𝑂 = 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 × 𝐹𝐹 = ( 𝑥𝑥 , 0) × �𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 , 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 � = �𝑥𝑥𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 �𝑘𝑘 = 27𝑘𝑘
�
∴ 𝑥𝑥𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 27 (1)
�����⃑ = 𝐴𝐴⃑ − 𝐷𝐷
∵ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 �⃑ = ( 𝑥𝑥 − 1 , 0) , ������⃑
∵ 𝑀𝑀 �
𝐷𝐷 = 18𝑘𝑘
������⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑
𝐷𝐷 = 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 × 𝐹𝐹 = ( 𝑥𝑥 − 1 , 0) × �𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 , 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 �
∴ 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 ( 𝑥𝑥 − 1)𝑘𝑘� = 18𝑘𝑘� , ∴ 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 (𝑥𝑥 − 1) = 18 , ∴ 𝑥𝑥𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 − 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 18 (2)
Substitute by (1) at (2)
∴ 27 − 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 18 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 9 , ∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 3
1
�����⃑
∵ 𝑀𝑀 𝐸𝐸 = 40 𝑘𝑘
� :, �����⃑ = 𝐴𝐴⃑ − 𝐸𝐸�⃑ = (3 , −2)
∴ 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
2
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑
𝐸𝐸 = 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 × 𝐹𝐹 = ( 3 , −2) × (𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 , 9)
1 1
∴ (27 + 2𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 )𝑘𝑘� = �40 � 𝑘𝑘� , ∴ 2𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 13
2 2
3 27
∴ 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 6 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ = 𝚤𝚤̂ + 9𝚥𝚥̂
4 4

Revision 1
6) ∵ ���⃑
𝐹𝐹1 , 𝐹𝐹 ����⃑2 , 𝐹𝐹
����⃑3 act at one point 𝐴𝐴(2 , 3), ∴ 𝑅𝑅�⃑ = ���⃑
𝐹𝐹1 + ����⃑
𝐹𝐹2 + ����⃑
𝐹𝐹3 = (0 , 6)
∴ 𝑀𝑀 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 × 𝑅𝑅�⃑ = (2 , 3) × (0 , 6) = 12𝑘𝑘�
�����⃑𝑜𝑜 = �����⃑ "𝑏𝑏"
7) For the point (−5, 0)
∵ 𝑟𝑟���⃑1 = (1 , −3) −: (−5 , 0) = (6 , −3)
∵ 𝑀𝑀 ��⃑(−5 ,0) = −21𝑘𝑘� , ∴ (6, −3) × ( 𝑙𝑙, 𝑚𝑚) = −21𝑘𝑘�
∴ 6𝑚𝑚 + 3𝑙𝑙 = −21 (÷ 3) , ∴ 2𝑚𝑚 + 𝑙𝑙 = −7 (1)
For the point (2 , −7)
∵ 𝑟𝑟���⃑2 = (1, −3)−: (2, −7) = (−1, 4)
∴ 𝑀𝑀 ��⃑(2 ,−7) = �0⃑ , ∴ (−1, 4) × ( 𝑙𝑙, 𝑚𝑚) = 0
∴ −𝑚𝑚 − 4𝑙𝑙 = 0 , ∴ 𝑚𝑚 + 4𝑙𝑙 = 0 (2)
Solving (1) and (2)
∴ 𝑙𝑙 = 1 , ∴ 𝑚𝑚 = −4 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ = 𝚤𝚤̂ − 4𝚥𝚥̂
To find the equation of the line of action let the point 𝐵𝐵 (𝑥𝑥,𝑦𝑦) lies on the line of
action
∵ 𝑟𝑟���⃑3 = ( 𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦) − (−5, 0) = (𝑥𝑥 + 5, 𝑦𝑦)
∵ 𝑀𝑀(−5,0) = −21 , ∴ (𝑥𝑥 + 5, 𝑦𝑦) × ( 1, −4) = −21𝑘𝑘�
∴ −4𝑥𝑥 − 20 − 𝑦𝑦 = −21 , ∴ −4𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦 + 1 = 0
∴ 4𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦 − 1 = 0
Another Solution :Equation of its line of action:
∵ The two point (1 , −3) and (2 , −7) lies on the line of action of the force
𝑦𝑦−(−7) −3−(−7) 𝑦𝑦+7
∴ = , ∴ = −4 , ∴ 𝑦𝑦 + 7 = −4𝑥𝑥 + 8
𝑥𝑥−2 1−2 𝑥𝑥−2
∴ 4𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦 = 1
8) ∵ �𝑀𝑀�����⃑ �����⃑ ⃑ �����⃑ �����⃑
𝐴𝐴 � = �𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 × 𝐹𝐹 � = �𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 × 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 � = 2 The area of ∆𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 "𝑑𝑑"
�����⃑
9) ∵ 𝐹𝐹⃑ //𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 , �����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ �����⃑
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶
�����⃑
∵ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ �⃑
𝐴𝐴 + 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 12𝑘𝑘 , �����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ �⃑
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 6𝑘𝑘
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 𝐶𝐶 = 6𝑘𝑘
�⃑ "𝑐𝑐"
10) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 , ⃖����⃗ // 𝐹𝐹⃑
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
3
⃖����⃗ = −
∴ The slope of 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 "𝑐𝑐"
7
11) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 , ⃖����⃗ // 𝐹𝐹⃑
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 , ⃖����⃗ = 4
∴ The slope of 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
5
Equation of the straight line ⃖����⃗
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴:
𝑦𝑦−3 4
∴ = , ∴ 5𝑦𝑦 − 15 = 4𝑥𝑥 − 8
𝑥𝑥−2 5
∴ 4𝑥𝑥 − 5𝑦𝑦 + 7 = 0 "𝑎𝑎"

2 Third Secondary
12) ∵ 𝐹𝐹⃑ = (3 , 2) act the point 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥 , 𝑦𝑦)
The equation of the line of action of the force 𝐹𝐹⃑
�����⃑𝑜𝑜 = �����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 × 𝐹𝐹⃑
∴ 15𝑘𝑘�⃑ = (𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦) × (3,2) , ∴ 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 = 15
To get the point of intersection with the 𝑦𝑦 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 , put 𝑥𝑥 = 0
∴ 2(0) − 3𝑦𝑦 = 15 , ∴ 𝑦𝑦 = −5
∴ The point is (0, −5) "𝑎𝑎"
13) ∵ The force acts at the point 𝐴𝐴(0 , 3)
∵ 𝐶𝐶 = (2 , 0)
∵ The equation of the line of action of the force 𝐹𝐹⃑ is 2𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦 + 3 = 0
∴ Slope of the force = 2
∴ Direction of the force = (1 , 2)
(1 ,2)
∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ = �𝐹𝐹⃑ � × 𝑈𝑈
����⃑
𝐹𝐹 = 6√5 × = (6 , 12)
√12 +22
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶�����⃑ × 𝐹𝐹⃑ = (−2 , 3) × (6 , 12) = −42 "𝑑𝑑"
14) ∵ 𝐹𝐹⃑ = (3 , 4) acts at the point 𝐴𝐴(𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦)
�����⃑𝑜𝑜 = 16𝑘𝑘�⃑
∵ 𝑀𝑀 , �����⃑ × 𝐹𝐹⃑ = 16𝑘𝑘�⃑
∴ 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂
∴ (𝑥𝑥 , 𝑦𝑦) × (3 , 4) = 16𝑘𝑘�⃑ , ∴ 4𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 = 16
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑ �⃑
𝐵𝐵 = 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 × 𝐹𝐹 = (𝑥𝑥 + 1 , 𝑦𝑦 − 5) × (3 , 4) = �4𝑥𝑥 + 4 − (3𝑦𝑦 − 15)�𝑘𝑘
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 𝐵𝐵 = 4𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 + 4 + 15 = 16 + 4 + 15 = 35𝑘𝑘
�⃑ "𝑐𝑐"
15) ∵ 𝐹𝐹⃑ bisects �����⃑
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 , �����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑
𝐵𝐵 = −𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑ �⃑
𝐴𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 × 𝐹𝐹 = (−2 , 5) × (1 , 1) = (−2 − 5)𝑘𝑘 = −7𝑘𝑘
�⃑
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 𝐵𝐵 = 7𝑘𝑘
�⃑ "𝑏𝑏"
𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 +𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶
16) ∵ 𝐷𝐷 is the midpoint of �����⃑
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 =
2
8+12
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = = 10 "𝑏𝑏"
2
17) ∵ 𝐹𝐹⃑ // 𝐿𝐿 , ∵ 𝐴𝐴 , 𝐵𝐵 , 𝐶𝐶 , 𝐷𝐷 ∈ 𝐿𝐿
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 𝑀𝑀 , ∴ 3𝑀𝑀 + 2𝑀𝑀 = 30
∴ 5𝑀𝑀 = 30 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀 = 6
∴ 3𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 − 2𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 + 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 3𝑀𝑀 − 2𝑀𝑀 + 𝑀𝑀 = 2𝑀𝑀 = 2 × 6 = 12 "𝑎𝑎"
18) "𝑐𝑐"

Revision 3
19) Choice (𝑎𝑎): 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝐹𝐹 × 0 = 0
Choice (𝑏𝑏): 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝐹𝐹 × 𝐿𝐿
Choice (𝑐𝑐): 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝐹𝐹 sin 𝜃𝜃 × 𝐿𝐿
∵ 0 ≤ sin 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 1 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹 sin 𝜃𝜃 × 𝐿𝐿 < 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
Choice (𝑑𝑑): 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝐹𝐹 sin 𝜃𝜃 × 𝐿𝐿
∵ 0 ≤ sin 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 1 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹 sin 𝜃𝜃 × 𝐿𝐿 < 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
∴ The correct answer is (𝑏𝑏)
20) "𝑎𝑎"

21) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = −70 × 100 cos 60° = −3500 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. = −35 𝑁𝑁. 𝑚𝑚.
∴ The norm of the moment = 35 𝑁𝑁. 𝑚𝑚. "𝑎𝑎"

22) Resolve the force into two components

∴ 𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥 = 200 cos 30° , ∴ 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦 = 200 sin 30°
1
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝑂𝑂 = −200 cos 30° × 2 + (−200 sin 30°) ×
2
= −200√3 − 50 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁. 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚. "𝑐𝑐"
23) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝑜𝑜 = 𝑀𝑀𝑜𝑜 `
∴ −50 × 100 cos 30° = −𝐹𝐹 × 100 sin 30°
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 50√3 𝑁𝑁. "𝑏𝑏"

24) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 6 sin 𝜃𝜃 × 3 + 6 cos 𝜃𝜃 × 6

∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 18 sin 𝜃𝜃 + 36 cos 𝜃𝜃
𝑑𝑑(𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 )
To get the greatest value of the moment, Put =0
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑(𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 )
∴ = 18 cos 𝜃𝜃 − 36 sin 𝜃𝜃
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
∴ 18 cos 𝜃𝜃 − 36 sin 𝜃𝜃 = 0
1
∴ 18 cos 𝜃𝜃 = 36 sin 𝜃𝜃 , ∴ tan 𝜃𝜃 =
2
1 2
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 18 × + 36 × = 18√5 𝑁𝑁. 𝑚𝑚. "𝑎𝑎"
√5 √5

4 Third Secondary
25) Resolve the forces into two components
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝑜𝑜 = 200 sin 30° × 40 − 200 cos 30° × 60
= −6392.3 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑎𝑎"

26) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 80 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.

∴ 𝐹𝐹 × 35 cos 40° = 80
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 2.984 𝑁𝑁
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 𝐹𝐹 × (27 cos 30° + 35 cos 40°)
= 2.984 × (27 cos 30° + 35 cos 40°) = 149.77 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑎𝑎"
27) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 15 × 4√3 = 60√3 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑏𝑏"

3
28) ∵ 𝐿𝐿: 3𝑥𝑥 + 4𝑦𝑦 = 5 , ∴ Slope = −
4
����⃑
∴ 𝑑𝑑 𝐹𝐹 = ±(4 , −3) , ∵ �𝐹𝐹⃑ � = 5 𝑁𝑁.
(4 ,−3)
∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ = �𝐹𝐹⃑ � × 𝑈𝑈
����⃑
𝐹𝐹 = 5 × = (4 , −3)
�42 +(−3)2
To get a point on the line of action of the force (Put 𝑥𝑥 = −1):
∴ Point 𝐵𝐵 = (−1 , 2)
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ⃑ �
𝐴𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 × 𝐹𝐹 = (−1 , 2) × (4 , −3) = −6𝑘𝑘
�����⃑
∴ �𝑀𝑀 𝐴𝐴 � = 6 "𝑎𝑎"
�����⃑
29) ∵ �𝑀𝑀 𝐴𝐴 � = 18 sin 𝜃𝜃 × 4 − 18 cos 𝜃𝜃 × 2 = 0
∴ 72 sin 𝜃𝜃 = 36 sin 𝜃𝜃
sin 𝜃𝜃 1
∴ = tan 𝜃𝜃 = "𝑐𝑐"
cos 𝜃𝜃 2
�����⃑
30) ∴ �𝑀𝑀 𝐴𝐴 � = −5 × 6 = −30 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑏𝑏"
31) ∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 is an isosceles triangle , ∵ 𝑚𝑚(∠𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴) = 150°
180°−150°
∴ 𝑚𝑚(∠𝐴𝐴) = 𝑚𝑚(∠𝐵𝐵) = = 15°
2
���� perpendicular on 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
Draw 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 ����
���� = 4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 , ∴ ����
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = ����
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 4 cos 15°
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 15 sin 15° × 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 15 sin 15° × (2 × 4 cos 15°) = 30 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑎𝑎"

Revision 5
32) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 , ⃖����⃗
∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ // 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = −𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = −𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹⃑ 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 60 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹 × 4 = 60
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 15 𝑁𝑁
⃖����⃗ and bisects �����⃑
∴ The line of action of 𝐹𝐹⃑ is parallel to 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
∴ The line of action of 𝐹𝐹⃑ acts in direction 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷������⃗
33) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 120 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. , ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 12 × 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 �����
����� = 120
∴ 12 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 , ∴ �����
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
����� = 1 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
∵ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 ���� , ���� = 20 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
2
∴ Area of square 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 202 = 400 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 "𝑑𝑑"

6 8
34) ∵ sin 𝜃𝜃 = , ∵ cos 𝜃𝜃 =
10 10
∵ 𝑀𝑀𝑜𝑜 = 45
∴ −5 × 𝑥𝑥 + 6 × (8 − 𝑥𝑥) + (10 sin 𝜃𝜃) × (8 − 𝑥𝑥) = 45
6
∴ −5𝑥𝑥 + 48 − 6𝑥𝑥 + �10 × � (8 − 𝑥𝑥) = 45
10
∴ −11𝑥𝑥 + 48 + 48 − 6𝑥𝑥 = 45
∴ −17𝑥𝑥 = −51 , ∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 3
∴ 𝑂𝑂 ∈ �����⃗
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 , where: 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
35) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0
∴ −𝑘𝑘 × 8 + 16 × 12 = 0 , ∴ −8𝑘𝑘 = −16 × 12
∴ 𝑘𝑘 = 24 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤.
∵ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 0
∴ −24 × 4 + 16 × 6 − 14 × 4 + 𝐹𝐹 × 6 = 0
∴ 𝐹𝐹 × 6 = 56
1
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 9 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤.
3
36) ∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 12 cos 30° = 6√3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
∵ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 12 sin 30° = 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
Resolve the forces 5 , 6 , 11 each into two components
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = −5 sin 60° × 6 − 11 sin 60° × 6 + 6 sin 60° × 6
= −30√3 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑎𝑎"

6 Third Secondary
37) ∵ 𝐹𝐹 acts on ������⃗
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 ������⃑
𝐵𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 0
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ������⃑ �����⃑ �����⃑
𝐴𝐴 + 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 + 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐸𝐸 “𝑏𝑏”

38) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 32 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

∴ The line of action of 𝑅𝑅�⃑ // ⃖����⃗
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = −18 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 (𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁)
∴ The line of action of the force intersect ���� ����
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 , 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 𝐹𝐹𝐿𝐿2 = 32 ( 1)
∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = −𝐹𝐹𝐿𝐿1 = −18 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹𝐿𝐿1 = 18 ( 2)
Dividing (1) and (2)
𝐿𝐿2 32 16
∴ = =
𝐿𝐿1 18 9
∴ 𝐿𝐿2 = 16𝐾𝐾 , ∴ 𝐿𝐿1 = 9𝐾𝐾
Substitute at (1)
∴ 𝐹𝐹 × 16𝑘𝑘 = 32
32 2
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = = (3)
16𝐾𝐾 𝐾𝐾
2
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝑐𝑐 = 𝐹𝐹 × (25𝑘𝑘 + 16𝑘𝑘 ) = × 41𝑘𝑘 = 82 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑘𝑘
39) ∵ The length of perpendicular from 𝑀𝑀 to the chord
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = √132 − 52 = 12
∵ The length of perpendicular from 𝑀𝑀 to the chord
2
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = �132 − �4√10� = 3
∵ The length of perpendicular from 𝑀𝑀 to the chord 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = √132 − 122 = 5
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = −12 × 12 + 30 × 5 + 20 × 3 = 66 moments unit

40) ∵ ���⃑ ����⃑2 acts in opposite directions.

𝐹𝐹1 //𝐹𝐹
∴ 𝑅𝑅 = |𝐹𝐹1 − 𝐹𝐹2 | , ∴ 𝑅𝑅�⃑ = ���⃑
𝐹𝐹1 + ����⃑
𝐹𝐹2 "𝑏𝑏"
41) ∵ 𝐹𝐹1 > 𝑅𝑅 , ���⃑1 //𝐹𝐹
∴ 𝐹𝐹 ����⃑2 acts in opposite
directions.
∴ 𝑅𝑅 = |𝐹𝐹1 − 𝐹𝐹2 | , ∴ 3 = |5 − 𝐹𝐹2 | , ∴ |𝐹𝐹2 − 5| = 3
∴ 𝐹𝐹2 − 5 = 3 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹2 = 8 𝑁𝑁
∴ 𝐹𝐹2 − 5 = −3 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹2 = 2 𝑁𝑁 "𝑐𝑐"

Revision 7
42) ∵ 𝐹𝐹2 > 𝑅𝑅 , ���⃑1 //𝐹𝐹
∴ 𝐹𝐹 ����⃑2 acts in opposite direction
"𝑏𝑏"
43) ∵ 𝑅𝑅�⃑ = −2 ���⃑
𝐹𝐹1 , ∵ 𝑅𝑅�⃑ = ���⃑
𝐹𝐹1 + ����⃑
𝐹𝐹2
∴ −2 𝐹𝐹 ���⃑1 = ���⃑
𝐹𝐹1 + ����⃑
𝐹𝐹2 , ����⃑2 = −3 ���⃑
∴ 𝐹𝐹 𝐹𝐹1
−1
���⃑1 =
∴ 𝐹𝐹 ����⃑
𝐹𝐹2 , ���⃑1 = −1 (−9 , 12) = ( 3 , −4) "𝑐𝑐"
∴ 𝐹𝐹
3 3
44) ∵ ���⃑ ����⃑2 acts in same direction.
𝐹𝐹1 //𝐹𝐹 , ∴ 𝑅𝑅 = 𝐹𝐹1 + 𝐹𝐹2
∴ 13 = 8 + 𝐹𝐹2 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹2 = 5 𝑁𝑁.
𝐹𝐹1 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 8 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 10×8
∴ = , ∴ = , ∴ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 =
𝐹𝐹2 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 5 10 5
∴ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 16 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. , 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 10 + 16 = 26 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑐𝑐"
45) ∵ ���⃑ ����⃑2 acts in opposite directions.
𝐹𝐹1 //𝐹𝐹
∵ 𝐹𝐹2 , 𝑅𝑅 are in the same direction. , ∴ 𝐹𝐹2 > 𝐹𝐹1
∴ 𝑅𝑅 = 𝐹𝐹2 − 𝐹𝐹1 , ∴ 20 = 𝐹𝐹2 − 𝐹𝐹1
∴ 𝐹𝐹2 = 𝐹𝐹1 + 20
𝐹𝐹1 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝐹𝐹1 3
∵ = , ∴ =
𝐹𝐹2 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐹𝐹2 7
𝐹𝐹1 3
∴ = , ∴ 7𝐹𝐹1 = 3𝐹𝐹1 + 60
𝐹𝐹1 +20 7
∴ 4𝐹𝐹1 = 60 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹1 = 15 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤. "𝑑𝑑"

46) ∵ 𝐹𝐹1 , 𝐹𝐹2 are in the same direction.

∴ 𝑅𝑅 = 𝐹𝐹1 + 𝐹𝐹2 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹1 + 𝐹𝐹2 = 30 ( 1)
𝐹𝐹1 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝐹𝐹1 40
∵ = , ∴ = =2
𝐹𝐹2 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐹𝐹2 20
∴ 𝐹𝐹1 = 2 𝐹𝐹2 (2)
Substitute in (1) : ∴ 2 𝐹𝐹2 + 𝐹𝐹2 = 30 , ∴ 3 𝐹𝐹2 = 30
∴ 𝐹𝐹2 = 10
Substitute in (2) : ∴ 𝐹𝐹1 = 2 × 10 = 20 𝑁𝑁. "𝑐𝑐"
47) ∵ 𝐹𝐹1 > 𝐹𝐹2
���⃑1 , ����⃑
∴ 𝐹𝐹 𝐹𝐹2 acts in opposite directions.
∴ 𝑅𝑅 = 𝐹𝐹1 − 𝐹𝐹2 , ∴ 10 = 30 − 𝐹𝐹2
∴ 𝐹𝐹2 = 20 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤.
𝐹𝐹1 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 30 90
∵ = , ∴ =
𝐹𝐹2 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 20 𝑥𝑥
∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 60 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. , ∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 90 − 60 = 30 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑎𝑎"

8 Third Secondary
 ����⃑
𝐹𝐹 −3
���⃑1 = −3𝐹𝐹
48) ∵ 2𝐹𝐹 ����⃑2 , ∴ ����⃑1 =
𝐹𝐹2 2
���⃑1 , ����⃑
∴ 𝐹𝐹 𝐹𝐹2 acts in opposite directions.
𝐹𝐹1 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 3
∵ = , ∴ = "𝑐𝑐"
𝐹𝐹2 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 2

𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥1 𝑥𝑥1 +𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥2 𝑥𝑥2 3×1+(−6)×6 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦1 𝑦𝑦1 +𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦2 𝑦𝑦2 −4×0+8×0
49) ∵ 𝑥𝑥𝑅𝑅 = = = 11 , ∵ 𝑦𝑦𝑅𝑅 = = =0
𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥1 +𝐹𝐹𝑥𝑥2 3+(−6) 𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦1 +𝐹𝐹𝑦𝑦2 −4+8

∴ 𝑅𝑅 acts on the point (11 , 0) "𝑑𝑑"

𝐹𝐹 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 1
50) ∵ = , ∴ =
3𝐹𝐹 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 3
After switching the two forces:
𝐹𝐹 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴` 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴` 1
∵ = , ∴ =
3𝐹𝐹 𝐶𝐶`𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶`𝐵𝐵 3
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴`: 𝐶𝐶`𝐶𝐶: 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 1: 2: 1
2 1
∴ Resultant moves a distance 𝐶𝐶`𝐶𝐶 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
4 2
Another Solution :
𝐹𝐹1 −𝐹𝐹2 3𝐹𝐹−𝐹𝐹 2𝐹𝐹 1
∴ Resultant moves a distance = � � 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = � � 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 "𝑏𝑏"
𝐹𝐹1 +𝐹𝐹2 3𝐹𝐹+𝐹𝐹 4𝐹𝐹 2
3𝐹𝐹 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 3
51) ∵ = , ∴ =
2𝐹𝐹 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 2
∴ 3𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 2𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 (1)
�����⃗
The force 3𝐹𝐹⃑ has been translated parallel to itself in 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
direction 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.:
3𝐹𝐹 𝐶𝐶`𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶`𝐵𝐵 3
∵ = , ∴ =
2𝐹𝐹 𝐴𝐴`𝐶𝐶` 𝐴𝐴`𝐶𝐶` 2
∴ 3𝐴𝐴`𝐶𝐶` = 2𝐶𝐶`𝐵𝐵
∴ 3(𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 − 15 + 𝐿𝐿) = 2(𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 − 𝐿𝐿)
∴ 3𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 − 45 + 3𝐿𝐿 = 2𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 − 2𝐿𝐿
From (1) :
∴ −45 + 3𝐿𝐿 = −2𝐿𝐿 , ∴ 5𝐿𝐿 = 4 , ∴ 𝐿𝐿 = 9 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ The resultant 𝑅𝑅 has been translated parallel to itself in �����⃗
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 direction 9 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
Another Solution :
�����⃗ direction 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.:
The force 3𝐹𝐹⃑ has been translated parallel to itself in 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴
𝐹𝐹1
∴ The resultant 𝑅𝑅 has been translated parallel to itself in �����⃗
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 direction = � � 𝑥𝑥
𝐹𝐹1 +𝐹𝐹2
3𝐹𝐹
=� � × 15 = 9 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑎𝑎"
3𝐹𝐹+2𝐹𝐹

Revision 9
52) ∵ ∠𝐶𝐶 = 90° (Inscribed on Semi-circle)
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = �(6)2 + (8)2 = 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ (𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 )2 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 × 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 , ∴ (6)2 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 × 10
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 3.6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = 5 − 3.6 = 1.4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = −15 × 5 + 20 × 1.4 + 12 × 5 = 13 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. “𝑐𝑐”

53) ∵ 𝑅𝑅 = 4 + 5 − 2 − 3 = 4 𝑁𝑁.
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 5 × 4 + 4 × 7 − 2 × 10 = 4 × 𝑥𝑥
∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 7 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑏𝑏"

54) ∵ 𝑅𝑅 = 50 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤. (Downwards)

∴ 𝐹𝐹1 + 45 − (𝐹𝐹2 + 25) = 50 , 𝐹𝐹1 − 𝐹𝐹2 = 30 (1)
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = −25 × 2 + 45 × 5 − 𝐹𝐹2 × 7 = 50 × 0.7
∴ 𝐹𝐹2 = 20 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤.
From (1) : ∴ 𝐹𝐹1 − 20 = 30 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹1 = 50 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤.
∴ 𝐹𝐹1 : 𝐹𝐹2 = 50: 20 = 5: 2 "𝑎𝑎"
55) ∵ The rod is in equilibrium.
∴ ∑ 𝑅𝑅 = 0 , ∴ 𝑅𝑅1 + 𝑅𝑅2 = 40 (1)
∴ ∑ 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 0 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 40 × 3𝐿𝐿 − 𝑅𝑅1 × 4𝐿𝐿 = 0 (÷ 𝐿𝐿)
∴ 40 × 3 − 𝑅𝑅1 × 4 = 0 , ∴ 𝑅𝑅1 = 30 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤.
From (1) : ∴ 30 + 𝑅𝑅2 = 40 , ∴ 𝑅𝑅2 = 10 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤.
∴ 𝑅𝑅1 − 𝑅𝑅2 = 30 − 10 = 20 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤. "𝑎𝑎"
𝑅𝑅1 1
56) ∵ = , ∴ 𝑅𝑅1 = 𝑅𝑅 , 𝑅𝑅2 = 4𝑅𝑅
𝑅𝑅2 4
∵ The rod is in equilibrium.
∴ ∑ 𝑅𝑅 = 0 , ∴ 𝑊𝑊 = 𝑅𝑅1 + 𝑅𝑅2
∴ 𝑊𝑊 = 𝑅𝑅 + 4𝑅𝑅 , ∴ 𝑊𝑊 = 5𝑅𝑅
∴ ∑ 𝑀𝑀 = 0 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐸𝐸 = 𝑅𝑅 × 𝑥𝑥 − 4𝑅𝑅 (50 − 𝑥𝑥) = 0 (÷ 𝑅𝑅)
∴ 𝑥𝑥 − 200 + 4𝑥𝑥 = 0 , ∴ 5𝑥𝑥 = 200
∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 40 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. , ∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 50 − 40 = 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑐𝑐"

10 Third Secondary
57) If we suspended 𝑊𝑊1 from the point 𝐴𝐴 the rod
becomes about to rotate about 𝐷𝐷 :
∴ 𝑅𝑅𝐶𝐶 = 0 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐷𝐷 = 0
∴ 10 × 30 − 8 × 20 − 𝑊𝑊1 × 70 = 0 , ∴ 𝑊𝑊1 = 2 𝑁𝑁.
If we suspended 𝑊𝑊1 from the point 𝐴𝐴 the rod
becomes about to rotate about 𝐶𝐶 :
∴ 𝑅𝑅𝐷𝐷 = 0 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0
∴ −𝑊𝑊2 × 10 + 8 × 40 + 10 × 90 = 0 , ∴ 𝑊𝑊2 = 122 𝑁𝑁.
∵ The rod is in equilibrium.
∴ 𝑊𝑊 ∈ [2 , 122] "𝑐𝑐"
58) ∵ 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 2 𝑚𝑚 , ∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 6 𝑚𝑚
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 4 𝑚𝑚
Let the distance moved by the boy = 𝑥𝑥
∵ The light board is in equilibrium.
∴ ∑𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 0
∴ ∑𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = −400𝑥𝑥 + 400 × 4 − 100 × 6 = 0
∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 2.5 "𝑑𝑑"
59) ∵ The rod is about to rotate
∴ 𝑅𝑅𝐴𝐴 = 0 , ∴ ∑𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0
Let the distance moved by the boy after point 𝐶𝐶 = 𝑙𝑙
∴ ∑𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0
∴ −𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 + 2𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 = 0 (÷ 𝑊𝑊 )
1
∴ 𝑙𝑙 = 𝑥𝑥 "𝑏𝑏"
2
60) ∵ At beginning of the boy’s movement there are reactions on
both supports 𝐴𝐴 & 𝐵𝐵
∵ After passing the point 𝐶𝐶
∴ Reaction of 𝐴𝐴 will be zero
∴ The rod will disturb its equilibrium "𝑏𝑏"
𝐹𝐹1 𝑥𝑥1 +𝐹𝐹2 𝑥𝑥2 +𝐹𝐹3 𝑥𝑥3 5×2+8×0+12×4 58
61) ∵ 𝑥𝑥 = , ∴ 𝑥𝑥 = =
𝐹𝐹1 +𝐹𝐹2 +𝐹𝐹3 5+8+12 25
𝐹𝐹1 𝑦𝑦1 +𝐹𝐹2 𝑦𝑦2 +𝐹𝐹3 𝑦𝑦3 5×−2+8×3+12×−1 2
∵ 𝑦𝑦 = , ∴ 𝑦𝑦 = = "𝑏𝑏"
𝐹𝐹1 +𝐹𝐹2 +𝐹𝐹3 5+8+12 25
62) "𝑎𝑎"
�����⃑
63) ∵ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ �����⃑ �⃑
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0
∴ The set of forces is in equilibrium. "𝑎𝑎"

Revision 11
64) ∵ The set of forces is in equilibrium.
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ �����⃑ �⃑
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 0 "𝑑𝑑"
65) "𝑑𝑑"
66) "𝑑𝑑"
67) ∵ Perpendicular distance of the first couple = 8 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
∵ Perpendicular distance of the second couple = 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
∵ 𝑀𝑀1 = 𝑀𝑀2 , ∴ 12 × 8 = 𝐹𝐹 × 6
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 16 𝑁𝑁. "𝑏𝑏"
68) ∵ 4𝐹𝐹���⃑1 , 3𝐹𝐹
����⃑2 form a couple. , ���⃑1 = 4(6, −9) = (24, −36)
∵ 4𝐹𝐹
∴ 3𝐹𝐹 ����⃑2 = −4𝐹𝐹
���⃑1 = (−24, −36)
����⃑2 = (−8 , 12)
∴ 𝐹𝐹 "𝑎𝑎"
69) ∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = 𝑀𝑀𝐵𝐵 = 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 𝑀𝑀 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀 + 𝑀𝑀 = 22
∴ 2𝑀𝑀 = 22 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀 = 11 , ∴ 𝑀𝑀𝐶𝐶 = 11𝑘𝑘� "𝑐𝑐"
70) ∵ Slope of 𝐹𝐹1 = Slope (𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 6)
2
∴ =2 , ∴ 𝑘𝑘 = 1 , ���⃑1 = (1 , 2)
∴ 𝐹𝐹
𝑘𝑘
�����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �����⃑ ���⃑ �
𝐵𝐵 = 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 × 𝐹𝐹1 = (−3 , 4) × (1 , 2) = (−6 − 4)𝑘𝑘 = −10𝑘𝑘
�
∵ Couple rotate clock wise , �����⃑
∴ 𝑀𝑀 �
𝐵𝐵 = −10𝑘𝑘 "𝑎𝑎"
71) ∴ 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = √102 − 82 = 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = √102 − 62 = 8 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 = Perpendicular distance = 14 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ Algebraic measure of the couple = 14 × 20
= 280 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑎𝑎"
����
72) ∵ The two forces (25 , 25) form a couple parallel to 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵
∵ (10)2 = (8)2 + (6)2
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐷𝐷2 = 𝐴𝐴𝐵𝐵2 + 𝐵𝐵𝐷𝐷2
∴ ∠𝐵𝐵 is a right angled
∴ Perpendicular distance between the two forces = 2 × 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 12 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ The magnitude of the couple moment = 25 × 12 = 300 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
"𝑏𝑏"

12 Third Secondary
73) Let the center of rhombus is 𝑀𝑀
∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 9 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. , ∵ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 24 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. , ∴ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = 12𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
∴ 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 = �(9)2 + (12)2 = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
Let 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 is the ⊥ on the side 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀×𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 12×9
∴ 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = = = 7.2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 15
∴ The perpendicular distance = 2 × 𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 = 14.4 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ The moment of the couple = 50 × 14.4 = 720 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑏𝑏"
74) ∵ Forces act at the rod form a couple whose algebraic measure is −75 𝑁𝑁. 𝑚𝑚.
∴ 𝑅𝑅 = 0 , ∴ 10 + 𝐹𝐹 = 15 + 𝐾𝐾 (1)
∵ 𝑀𝑀𝐴𝐴 = −75 𝑁𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
∴ −𝐹𝐹 × 3 + 15 × 7 − 10 × 12 = −75
∴ −3𝐹𝐹 − 15 = −75 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 20 𝑁𝑁.
By substituting in (1)
∴ 𝐾𝐾 = 10 + (20) − 15 = 15 𝑁𝑁.
∴ 𝐹𝐹 + 𝐾𝐾 = 20 + 15 = 35 𝑁𝑁. "𝑐𝑐"
75) ∵ The two forces (10,10) form a couple.
∴ 𝑀𝑀1 = −10 × 7 = −70 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ The two forces (250,250) form a couple.
∴ 𝑀𝑀2 = 250 × 1 = 250 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ The two forces (𝐹𝐹 sin 60° , 𝐹𝐹 sin 60° ) form a couple.
3√3
∴ 𝑀𝑀3 = −𝐹𝐹 sin 60° × 3 = − 𝐹𝐹 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
2
∵ The rod is equilibrium.
3√3
∴ 𝑀𝑀1 + 𝑀𝑀2 + 𝑀𝑀3 = 0 , ∴ −70 + 250 − 𝐹𝐹 = 0
2
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 40√3 𝑁𝑁. "𝑏𝑏"
76) ∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 is right angled triangle
∴ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = √62 + 82 = 10 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
Let 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 is the ⊥ on the side 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴×𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 6×8
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = = = 4.8 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 10
∴ The perpendicular distance = 2 × 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 9.6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ The two forces (𝐹𝐹, 𝐹𝐹 ) form a couple.
∴ 𝑀𝑀1 = 𝐹𝐹 × 9.6 = 9.6𝐹𝐹 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ The two forces (24,24) form a couple.
∴ 𝑀𝑀2 = 24 × 8 = 192 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ The two couples are equivalent , ∴ 𝑀𝑀1 = 𝑀𝑀2
∴ 9.6 𝐹𝐹 = 192 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 20 𝑁𝑁. "𝑏𝑏"

Revision 13
77) ∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 is a right angle triangle at 𝐵𝐵
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 10 sin 45° = 5√2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ The two forces (200,200) form a couple.
∴ 𝑀𝑀1 = −200 × 10 = −2000 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ The two forces �300√2, 300√2� form a couple.
∴ 𝑀𝑀2 = 300√2 × 5√2 = 3000 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ 𝑀𝑀 = 𝑀𝑀1 + 𝑀𝑀2
∴ 𝑀𝑀 = −2000 + 3000 = 1000 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑑𝑑"
𝑀𝑀1 = �����⃑
78) ∵ �����⃑ 𝐹𝐹1 + �����⃑
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 × ���⃑ 𝐹𝐹2 + �����⃑
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 × ����⃑ 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 × ����⃑
𝐹𝐹3
�����⃑1 = (−1 , 0) × (2 , −4) + (0 , 2) × (3 , −5) + (1 , −2) × (−5 , 9)
∴ 𝑀𝑀
= 4 − 6 − 1 = −3 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 3 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 , ∵ 𝑚𝑚(∠𝐴𝐴) = 30°
∴ The perpendicular distance between two forces 𝐹𝐹
3
= 3 sin 30° = 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
2
∵ The two forces (𝐹𝐹, 𝐹𝐹 ) form a couple.
�����⃑2 = 𝐹𝐹 × 3
∴ 𝑀𝑀
2
∵ The whole system is in equilibrium.
3
∴ 𝑀𝑀1 + 𝑀𝑀2 = 0 , ∴ −3 + 𝐹𝐹 = 0
2
3
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 3 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 2 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤. "𝑐𝑐"
2
79) ∵ 𝑚𝑚(∠𝐴𝐴) = 45° , ∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 100 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 100 sin 45° = 50√2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
∴ 𝑀𝑀 = −70 × 50√2 = −3500√2𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑏𝑏"
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
80) ∵ Scale =
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
30 25 25 2
∴ Scale = = = =
45 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 3
25×45
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = = 37.5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
30
∵ Area of triangle = �𝑆𝑆(𝑆𝑆 − 𝑎𝑎)(𝑆𝑆 − 𝑏𝑏)(𝑆𝑆 − 𝑐𝑐)
1 1
∵ 𝑆𝑆 = × perimeter , ∴ 𝑆𝑆 = (37.5 + 37.5 + 25) = 60 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
2 2
∴ Area of triangle = �60(60 − 37.5)(60 − 37.5)(60 − 45) = 675 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚.2
2
∵ 𝑀𝑀 = 2 × Area of triangle × Scale = 2 × 675 × = 900 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑏𝑏"
3

14 Third Secondary
 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
81) ∵ Scale =
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝐹𝐹−1.5 𝐹𝐹
∴ Scale = =
3 4
∴ 4𝐹𝐹 − 6 = 3𝐹𝐹 , ∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 6 𝑁𝑁.
6 3
∴ Scale = =
4 2
1 3
∵ 𝑀𝑀 = 2 × Area × Scale= 2 × � (4 + 8) × 3� × = 54 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑏𝑏"
2 2
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
82) ∵ Scale =
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝐹𝐹+17 𝐹𝐹+11 𝐹𝐹+14
∴ Scale = = =
7 5 6
∴ 5𝐹𝐹 + 85 = 7𝐹𝐹 + 77 , ∴ 8 = 2𝐹𝐹
4+14
∴ 𝐹𝐹 = 4 𝑁𝑁. , ∴ Scale = =3
6
∵ Area of triangle = �𝑆𝑆(𝑆𝑆 − 𝑎𝑎)(𝑆𝑆 − 𝑏𝑏)(𝑆𝑆 − 𝑐𝑐)
1 1
∵ 𝑆𝑆 = × perimeter , ∴ 𝑆𝑆 = (7 + 5 + 6) = 9 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
2 2
∴ Area of triangle = �9(9 − 7)(9 − 6)(9 − 5) = 6√6 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 .
∴ 𝑀𝑀 = 2 × Area of triangle × Scale = 2 × 6√6 × 3 = 36√6 𝑁𝑁. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑏𝑏"
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
83) ∵ Scale =
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙ℎ 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑒 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
10 2
∴ Scale = =
15 3
𝑛𝑛 180
∵ Area = × 𝑥𝑥 × cot 2 2
, ∵ 𝑛𝑛 = 5 , 𝑥𝑥 = 15 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐.
4 𝑛𝑛
5 2 180
∴ Area = × 152 × cot ≃ 387.11 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2 .
4 5
2
∴ 𝑀𝑀 = 2 × Area × Scale = 2 × 387.11 × = 516.14 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘. 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐. "𝑑𝑑"
3
84) ∵ 𝑀𝑀1 + 𝑀𝑀2 = 0
∴ 60 + 20 × ⊥ distance
∵ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 is a equilateral tringle
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = √62 − 32 = 3√3𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
2
∴ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = × 3√3 = 2√3𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
3
∴ 𝑀𝑀2 = 20 × 2√3 sin 𝜃𝜃
∴ 60 + 20 × 2√3 sin 𝜃𝜃
√3
∴ sin 𝜃𝜃 =
2
∵ The value of sin is +𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 , ∴ 𝜃𝜃 lies in the 1𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 & 2𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 quadrants
∴ 𝜃𝜃 = 60° or 𝜃𝜃 = 180 − 60 = 120° "𝑎𝑎"

Revision 15
85) ∵ The rod is at equilibrium
∴ 𝑀𝑀1 + 𝑀𝑀2 = 0
∵ 𝑚𝑚(∠𝐵𝐵) = 𝑚𝑚(∠𝐶𝐶 ) = 60°
∵ 𝑇𝑇 = 𝑅𝑅
∴ They form a couple
∴ ⊥ distance between T and R = 15 sin 60°
∴ 𝑀𝑀1 = 𝑇𝑇 × 15 sin 60°
∴ ⊥ distance (18,18) = 30 cos 60°
∴ 18 × 30 cos 60° − 𝑇𝑇 × 15 sin 60° = 0
∴ 𝑇𝑇 = 12√3 𝑁𝑁. "𝑑𝑑"

16 Third Secondary