Work, Power, and Energy
1. Show that in an elastic one dimensional collision the relative velocity
of approach before collision is equal to the relative velocity of
separation after collision.
2. A bob Is pulled sideway so that string becomes parallel to horizontal
and released. Length of the pendulum is 2 m. If due to air resistance
loss of energy is 10% what is the speed with which the bob arrived at
the lowest point.
3. A particle of mass m is moving in a circular path of constant radius r
such that is centripetal acceleration αc is varying with time t as αc
=k2 rt2 when k is a constant. what is the power delivered to the
particle by the forces acting on it?
4. A block of mass m is placed at the top of a smooth hemispherical
dome of radius R. It is given a very small push so that it starts sliding
down without friction. At a certain point during its motion, when it
has descended through an angle θ from the vertical, it encounters a
rough patch of the dome’s surface that subtends an angle α
(measured along the dome’s surface). The coefficient of kinetic
friction on this patch is μ. After crossing the rough patch, the block
continues sliding down the remaining smooth part of the dome and
eventually leaves the surface at some point. Using the Work–Energy
Theorem, determine: The speed of the block just after it leaves the
rough patch, in terms of m, g, R, θ, α, μ.
5. Define spring constant, Write the characteristics of the force during
the elongation of a spring. Derive the relation for the PE stored when
it is elongated by X. Draw the graphs to show the variation of P.E. and
force with elongation.
6. Two bodies A and B of same mass undergo completely inelastic
one-dimensional collision. The body A moves with velocity v1 while
body B is at rest before collision. The velocity of the system after
collision is V2. The ratio V1: V2 is:
7. State if each of the following statements is true or false. Give
reasons for your answer.
(a) In an elastic collision of two bodies, the momentum and energy of
each body is conserved.
(b) Total energy of a system is always conserved, no matter what
internal and external forces on the body are present.
(c) Work done in the motion of a body over a closed loop is zero for
every force in nature.
(d) In an inelastic collision, the final kinetic energy is always less than
the initial kinetic energy of the system.
8. On complete combustion a litre of petrol gives off heat equivalent to
3×107 J. In a test drive a car weighing 1200 kg. including the mass of
driver, runs 15 km per litre while moving with a uniform speed on a
straight track. Assuming that friction offered by the road surface and air
to be uniform, calculate the force of friction acting on the car during the
test drive, if the efficiency of the car engine were 0.5.
9. A stone tied to a string of length L is whirled in a vertical circle with
the other end of the string at the centre. At a certain instant of
time, the stone is at its lowest position, and has a speed u. The
magnitude of the change in its velocity as it reaches a position
where the string is horizontal is
10. Show that at any instant of time during the motion total
mechanical energy of a freely falling body remains constant. Show
graphically the variation of K.E. and P.E. during the motion.