ce we 33 5.3 Design of Column Section Classification Example 5.1 Determine the classification a 254 x 254 x 73 UC in pure compression, assuming arade S 355 steel. Solution: Cross-section classification (clause 5.5.2): Outstand flange element (Table 5.2, sheet 2): ¢r/t; = 7.77, from Table of Properties545 Example 5.2 The following figure shows part of a multi-storey steel framed building in simple construction, where connections between beam-to-column and column-to-base are pinned. The figure also shows the plan view and the design beam reactions at levels | and 2 that are transferred to the column. ‘The column size for storeys 1 and 2 is 203 x 203 x 46 UKC in grade $275. The column buckling length about y-y and z-z axes, Le, is taken as 1.0L. Based on the information given: = i Calculate the axial load in column AB. Include the selfweight of the column, ii. Calculate the moments that are transferred to column AB iii, Design column AB.Solution ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL LOADS COLUMN BC Factored reaction load from Level 1 = 80 + 250 = 330 kN 5 Factored column self-weight = 1.35(46kg/m x 4m x 9.81 x 10°) =2.44 kN ‘Axial load in column BC = 330 + 2.44 = 332.44 kN COLUMN AB Factored reaction load from Level 2 = 80 + 250 = 330 KN Factored column self-weight = 1.35(46kg/m x 4m x 9.81 x 107) = 2.44 kN Axial load in column AB, Ngg = 332.44 + 330 + 2.44 = 664.88 kN Design bending moments due to eccentricities Nominal Moment at Level 1 Moyea = Faq ($+ 100) =250kN x (“22+ 100) mm x 10-? = 50.4 kNmn Mazza = (Fy) (+ 100) = (80KN) x (2+ 100) mm x 10-* = 8.3 kNm Distributed Moment at Level 1 Yeyanis — Myeq = 50.4x $= 25.2 kNm wraxis Meza 8.3.x >= 4.15 kNmPartial factors for resistance S17 yuo = 1-05 Yui = 1.0 Cross section classification as _ [23s _ = ee = [Fe = 0.924 Flange: = 8.0 , Maximum limit for Class 1, = $9 =9x0.924 = 8,32 _ : 8.0< 8,32, flange is class 1 Web: Sr = 223, Maximum limit for Class 1, = 33e=33(0,924) =30.49 2.23 < 30.49, web is class 1 Therefore section is class 1 Minimum buckling resistance Nmin,t,rd Clause [Link] EC3Reduction factor 2 4, = 05 [1+ ally ~ 0.2) + Ky | 0.5 [1+ 0.34(0.522 = 0.2) + 0.522] = 0.691 % = <10 y+ JO*y— hy Xy = 1/[0.691 + ¥ (0.691? - 0,522")] = 0.87 About 2-2 XzAfy YM Slendemess of column Buekling length Le = 1.0L = 1,0(4000) mm = 4000mm A= [ft x = coe ig Ay Sta) (aoa) = 0.898 a n 203.2 bd 20a6 2998 < 1.2, = 1.0mm< 100mm} “Youre5-19 =1/ {1.07 + Y (1.07? - 0,898")) 06 Re = TaMy _06x5870%275 45 NminbRa = 7 To X 1073 = 969.99 kn Lateral torsional buckling resistance, My,.,,na, clause [Link] EC3Slenderness of column For Class | section, W, = Woy 3 Ree Mak 497 x10? X275 _ gy 534 ut Mer 479.21x 108 In this design example, the reduction factor Xir due to LTB is calculated based on the Exact Approach, Clause [Link]. From the UK National Annex iito= 0.4 and B=0.75 = 0.998 < 2.0, Steel grade 275, } curve ‘b’ Table 6.3 EC3: Buckling curve ‘b’ } air = 0.34 From UK National Annex r= 0.4 and f= 0.75 Oy =05 [1+ aux Gur- Fro) + Bhar] yy = 05x [1 + 0.34 x (0.534 — 0.4) + (0.75 x 0.5347)] = 0.630 # = Ort 0% Bear 2: te 0.678 + 0.630? — (0.75 x 0.5302) = 0.946 < 1.0Interaction equation Ng My rx Meg Ed af y,Ed +15 z,Ed <1.0 Nmin,b,Ra My»,Ra Mz cb,Rd 664.88 kN 25.2 kNm 4.15 kNm ———_——_ + ——_ ox ( ) 969.99kN 124.83 kNm 63.53kNm 0.685 + 0.202 + 0.098 = 0.985 < 1.0 The section size 203 x 203 x 46 UC is satisfactory.Example 5.3 ‘The following figure shows part of a multi-storey steel framed building in simple construction, where connections between beam-to-column and olumn-to-base are pinned. The column size for storeys 1 and 2 is 203 x 203 © 46 UKC in grade $275. The column buckling length about y-y and 2-2 axes, Lo is taken as 1.0L, A design axial load of 377KN above level | and design reactions from the three beams at level 1 are shown in the figure. Based on the information given, design the column at storey 1. Beam reactions at Level 4523 ‘Nominal moments Consider nominal moments at Level 1 because these moments wil transferred to storey 1 column, lents will be Mayaa = Fa (+ 100) = 147kN x (222+ 100) mm x 10-3 = 29.64 kN Mozea = (Fra Fsa) (+ 100) = 37-28)kN x (2 + 100) mmx 10-3 = 0.93 kNm Distribution of Nominal Moments The nominal moments are distributed between the column lengths above and below level 1 in proportion to their bending stiffness. ‘Column bending stiffness k = EVL, hence k, = EI/S= 0.2EI, and ky = EV/3 = 0.333EI About y-y axis: Mygq = 29.64kNm x 222 = 11.12 kNm ey 0.53361 o2et Mz gq = 0.93 x SoEE= 0.35 KNof Cross section, Clause 5.5 * Flange: erte=8 < 96~9(0.92)- 8.28, class 1 Webs culty 22.3. <33e = 33(0.92) = 30.36, class 1 ‘Therefore section 203 x 203 x 46 UKC is class 1. Classification ‘Simplified interaction equation for column in simple construction Minimumn buckling resistance, [Link] Buckling resistance about y-y axis, N\ ‘Clause [Link] See *~ @iverm <)° P=O.S+ [1+ a(A-0.2)+ 27]ion of buckling curve, Table 6.2: shes 203.2mm he = . be Dep 1.0< 1.2, t=11.0 mm < 100 mm, buckling about y-y, grade $275 } Curve Imperfection factor, Table 6.1 For buckling curve *b” } a, = 0.34 Therefore &y = 0.5 [1+ aly — 02) + 2,*]=05x (1+ 034(066~ 02) + 0.667] = 0.80 Reduction factor of buckling resistance about y-y axis, 1 1 = DSS SS O08 242. 0.8+ /0.8? 0.66? Dyt [D*y—dy Buckling resistance about z-z axis, N,.p,nd Slendemess about 2-2 axis Buckling length about major 2-2 axis, Ler = = 5000 mm Non-dimensional slenderness about 2-2, : *) G)- (Ce coe 8; of about 2-2 axis, y Reduction Bae -puckling resistance 21/1374 V3? - 1.13)] = 0.47 coe - ote Minimnn buckling resistance, Nein nt ; 470% Mx 047 chose the smaller reduction factor, X= 2.= 047 wyAfy NmninbRd = “yy 0.47 x 5870mm2 x 275N/mm2 — 45> C~C~C*~CS*« x 10°73 ©759 KN I torsional buckling resistance, My», Myora = tows fy YMo ‘Using a more aceurat haa approach stated in Clause [Link] EC3: ‘Prom the UK Nati ‘ poe x the recommended x 04 and B=07ekg curve *b’ } @ir= 0.34 sg fur = |e where, Wy = Wpiy for Class 1 section Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling, My WElz L2GI- Ma = C5" Mer = ‘m?x210x105x1550x10" 143x101 50002x81x103x22.2x10* 2 —————— See 5000? 1550x10* * 12x210x10%x1550x10* 10° = 345.7kNm : " _ Non-dimensional slenderness for lateral torsional buckling, Aur — [497x103mm3 x 275N/mm: 2 345.7 x 10°Nmm = 0.63 0.5 x [1 + 0.34 x (0.63 — 0.4) + (0.75 x 0.637)] = 0.69Buckling resistance about z-z axis, Myra M i Wpus fy _ 231.x108mm3 x 275N/mm2 | 10° 7) = 64 kNm Yen Solve the interaction equation [Link] M, ea ++ 15-4 < 1.0 Myra Meera