CHAPTER-3 : ESTIMATING AND QUANTITY

1. Quantities of cement: Fine aggregate and coarse \ Aggregate required for

100-sq mtr per 1cm thickness of R.C.C/P.C.C.

Slabs or per cubic mtr of R.C.C/P.C.C

Nominal Mix Water Cement Water Cement Sand Coarse

Cement Fine Ratio by weight in in Bags Dry Aggregat
Aggregate of Cement litres e
coarse Cubic Mtr
Aggregate
1:1:2 0.30 15.00 11.50 0.40 0.80
1:1 ½:3 0.42 21.00 8.00 0.42 0.84
1:2:3 0.50 25.00 7.00 0.49 0.73
1:2:4 0.55 27.00 6.10 .043 0.86
1:2:5 0.60 30.00 5.35 0.38 0.94
1:2 ½:5 0.65 32.50 5.00 0.44 0.88
1:3:6 0.75 37.50 4.25 0.44 0.88
1:4:8 0.95 47.50 3.20 0.45 0.90
1:5:10 1.25 62.50 2.60 0.45 0.94
1:7:12 1.70 80.00 2.10 0.51 0.88

2. Material Required for 10 Sq. mtr. Of Brick work

For Different Thickness of walls C - Cement in Bags B-Bricks old size. F A-Fine
Agg. (Sand)

Nominal 11cm thick 23cm thick 34cm thick 45cm thick

Mix of wall wall wall wall
mortar C B F.A C B F.A C B F.A C B F.A
110 160 11.2 215 1.2
1:3 2.75 530 0.30 5.70 0.60 8.50 0.90
0 0 0 0 0
1:4 2.10 530 0.30 4.40 110 0.62 6.50 160 0.91 8.70 215 1.2
0 0 0 2
1:6 1.40 530 0.30 2.95 110 0.62 4.40 160 0.92 5.80 215 1.2
0 0 0 2

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 1:8 1.06 530 0.30 2.20 110 0.62 3.30 160 0.92 4.35 220 1.2
0 0 0 2

3. Materials required for plastering 100 Sq mtr. of surfaces

With varying Thickness of mortar (Based on MES Cement Constants) C-

Cement in bags. F.A – Fine Agg (Sand) Cu mtr.

Mix 1:2 1:3 1:4 1:6 1:8

Thicknes C F.A C F.A C F.A C F.A C F.A
s
14.0 10.0
5mm Thick 0.90 1.00 8.50 1.20 5.50 1.20 4.25 1.20
0 0
10mm – 23.5 1.65 16.7 1.75 13.5 1.90 8.90 1.90 6.75 1.90
do- 0 5 0
15mm –d- 33.0 2.30 23.5 2.50 18.5 2.60 12.2 2.60 9.30 2.60
0 0 0 5
20mm – 42.5 3.00 30.0 3.15 23.5 3.30 15.7 3.30 11.70 3.30
do- 0 0 0 0
25mm – 52.0 3.65 37.0 3.90 28.5 4.00 19.0 4.00 4.20 4.00
do- 0 0 0 0

4. Material required for Terrazzo Flooring/Dado 10 Sq. mtr

Thickness of Cement in Chips of Different Marble Powder

terrazzo Bags Colours Bags
6mm 1.4 2.5 0.15
10mm 2.5 4 0.25

4. Weights of Some Engineering Materials Following I.S

MATERIALS Kg./Cu.m MATERIALS Kg./cu.m

Cement 1440 Dry rubble stone masonry 2080
(Ordinary)
White lime (fresh) 960 Ashlar granite masonry 2640
White lime slaked 640 Lime concrete 1950
Kankar lime fresh 1100 Cement Cone (brick aggre) 1840
Cement Concrete (stone 2300
Ballast)
Kankar lime 1030 R.C.C 2400
slaked
Dry clean sand 1600 Cement Mortar 2080
River sand 1840 Lime Mortar 1760
Wet Sand 1760 to Dry loose Earth 1280

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 2000
Stone Ballast 1600 to Dry compact Earth 1550
1920
Brick Ballast 1200 Steel 7850
Surki 1010 Tar 1010
Brick Masonry 1920 A.C. Sheet 16 kg/sm.
Hard wood 640 to 930
Light wood 400 to 420
Aluminium sheet 1mm thick 2.75 kg/sqm.

6. Quality of synthetic Enamel Paints

Make Ist Quality 2nd Quality 3rd Quality

Jhonson Nicholson Brolac Jensolin Umbrella
Polyurethane Synthetic synthetic
Enamel Enamel Enamel
Berger Paints Luxol Synthetic Parrot Butterfly
Enamel Synthetic Synthetic
Enamel Enamel
Asian Paints Apcolite 3-Mangoes Gattur
Synthetic Synthetic Synthetic
Enamel Enamel Enamel
I.C.I Dulux Synthetic Duwel Maxilite
Enamel Synthetic Synthetic
Enamel Enamel

7. White/Colour-Washing and Distempering etc

Specifications adopted by various departments/agencies, and the capacities

claimed by manufactures for their paints and allied products differ considerably.
Material constants given below are the average values :-

Type of finish Materials required per 10 Sq.M. of Surface

White washing to wall or Slaked Lime ------`1.20 kg. 0.80 kg.
under side of ceilings
Glue------ ----- 3 grams 2 grams
Ultramarine blue ----- 4 grams 2 grams
Sodium chloride ----- 155 105 grams
grams
Cement wash to walls or Cement ----- 1.07 kg 1 kg
under side of ceilings

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Note :- For colour-washing. Materials required for each coat (after initial coat of
white-wash) will be same as given for each subsequent coat of white-wash.
Except that in place of ultramarine blue. 80 to 100 grams of mineral colour
will be required.

8. Waterproof cement based paint of proprietary brand

(suitable for mixing with water) such as ‘Snowsem’ or similar, on :-

Fibre board surface and the like Dry powder 3.00 kg for two coats
Smooth concrete surface Dry powder 3.05 kg for two coats
Plastered surface (Plain) Dry powder 4.00 kg for two coats
Un-plastered brick wall face Dry powder 4.40 kg for two coats
Un-plastered concrete block walling Dry powder 4.65 kg for two coats
Roughcast or pebbledash plaster Dry powder 7.70 kg for two coats
Puttying plastered surface to
smooth even finish
0.20 kg of putty

Clearcolling plastered surface with

glue Glue
----80 grams
solution (1 Kg glue: 15 Kg water)

Priming plastered surface with Primer

----0.80 to 0.90 Litre
proprietary brand of primer
(Preparatory to applying
distemper)

Priming coat of whiting to

plastered Whiting
---- 100 Kg
surface

Distempering with dry distemper Dry distemper Powder 1.35 kg for two coats
(Washable) of Proprietary brand
Distempering with oil bound
distemper Oil bound distemper
1.50 kg for two coats
(washable) of proprietary brand

Acrylic emulsion paint to plastered

Acrylic emulsion paint 0.90 Litre for white shade

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newly finished surfaces, (or on
ordinary plastered surface given
(three coat work
)

Oil-Putty treatment to make it smooth

even)
0.70 litre for other than

white shade (three coats)

Note :- When analysing prices, allowance for brushes, sand paper etc., is
usually made at the rate of 5% of the calculated labour wages for each unit of white
washing, distempering etc.

9. Painting, Polishing, Varnishing etc.

Material constants

Description of work Timber Materials required for 10 Sq.m of Surface

and wood-based surface

Oiling with creosol or raw linseed Creosote or raw 0.80 litre-first coat
Oil to Wrought timber Linseed Oil O.55 litre-second coat
-do- but to clean sawn timber Creosote or raw 1.15 litre-first coat
Linseed oil 0.75 Litre-second coat
Tarring to clean sawn timber Coal tar 3.00 litres
surfaces Preparatory work before
painting/polishing/varnishing etc.,
(to be allowed for where
specified):
(i) Knotting Patent shellac 0.07 litre
knotting
(ii) Stopping Putty for 0.20 kg
stopping
(iii) Staining wrought surfaces Stainer liquid 0.63 litre
using
spirit based stainer liquid.
(iv) Staining clan sawn using Stainer liquid 1.00 litre
linseed oil based stainer liquid
(v) Sizing wrought with weal Sizing 0.30 litre
size of thinner shellac
varnish, sparingly applied.

Priming coat of oil paint of wrought timber of smooth wood based

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surfaces
Primer 0.50 litre
(i) Using aluminium
Primer 0.85 litre
(ii) Using lead based
Oil painting to wrought surfaces Oil paint 0.63 litre First coat
after priming coat 0.56 litre Second coat
(allow for number of coats as 0.45 litre Third coat
ordered) Oil glass coat 0.42 litre

Renewal coats of oil paint on old oil painted surfaces

Oil 0.56 litre First coat
Paint 0.50 litre Second coat
Painting to wrought surfaces using
enamel paint after suitable
undercoat or priming coat
vanishing to wrought surfaces,
consisting
Varnish 0.60 litre
(i) Flat coat of hard-drying
flatting varnish (applicable
for two coat work)
Varnish 0.50 litre
(ii) Finishing coat or varnish
(after flat coat) where Two coat
work is specified
Varnish 0.60 litre
(iii) Varnishing on one coat
Bees was 0.12 kg
work bees wax polishing to
Turpentine 0.07 litre
wrought surfaces using wax
Linseed oil 0.10 litre
dissolved in a mixture of
turpentine and linseed oil
French-polishing French-polish 2.50 litre
(Spirit base)
Special blackboard paint 0.50 litre
Black board paint-Each coat
(after priming coat)
Natural clear malaminised wood Wood finish 1.00 litre (single coat)
finish, matt or glossy

Steel and Iron surfaces

Treating galvanised surface with Modrant 0.35 litre
modrant solution solution
Priming coat Red lead 0.66 litre
primer
Red oxide zinc 0.70 litre
Chrome prime
Aluminium red
oxide primer 0.50 litre
Oil painting 0.60 litre

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 (after printing
coat)
Finishing coat Synthetic 0.55 litre
enamel 0.45 litre each coat
Black Japan 0.60 litre each coat
Aluminium 0.45 litre each coat
paint
Bituminised 0.80 litre
black paint
Plaster Surfaces
Primary coat Primer 0.85 litre
(suitable for
plaster)
Oil painting after primary coat Oil paint 0.85 litre
(undercoat) 0.75 litre
Oil paint
(Finishing coat)
Painting after synthetic enamel Synthetic 0.75 litre each coat
after primary coat enamel

10 Labour Output Constant

Sl.N Description of Work Unit Labour Recommend

o ed Constant
in Days

I Excavation & Earth work

a) Excavation over areas (Hard/dense M3 Mate 0.06
soil) depth upto 1.5m and removal Mazdoor 0.62
(upto one metre from edge)
b) Excavation in trenches (soft/loose M3 Mate 0.05
soil for foundations not exceeding Mazdoor 0.50
1.5m width and for shafts, wells,
cespits and the like, not exceeding
10 m on plan, depth upto 1.5m and
removal (upto one metre away from
edge
c) Extra over item (a) for an additional M3 Mate 0.01
depth of 1.5 m to 3m Mazdoor 0.08
d) Extra over item (b) for an additional M3 Mate 0.01
depth of 1.5m to 3m Mazdoor 0.08
e) returning, filling in and ramming of M3 Mate 0.02
excavated earth in layers not Mazdoor 0.25
exceeding 20cm in depth, watering, Bhisti 0.02
well remaining and levelling, lead
upto 50m
II Concrete

Note : Lead of concrete mix from the place of mix to place of deposit of

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 concrete is
assumed upto 30 meters.

a) Un reinforced concrete in
foundations, including mixing,
pouring, consolidating and curing
(i) Hand mixed cement concrete M3 Mate 0.01
Mazdoor 2.13
Bhisti 0.70
(ii) Mixer mixed cement concrete M3 Mate 0.10
Mazdoor 1.63
Bhisti 0.70
Mixer 0.07
operator
Mixer
Vibrator 0.07
III Hand mixed, lime concrete M3 Mate 0.10
Mazdoor 2.65
Bhisti 0.80
Bullock
with 0.50
driver
a) -do- M3 Mason 0.23
but in columns, Pillars in ground Mazdoor 3.50
floor Bhisti 0.90
Mixer
operator 0.10
Mixer 0.10
Vibrator 0.10
IV Bricks work (Straight walls)

a) Brick work in walls exceeding one M3 Mason 0.94

brick thick in cement/lime mortar Mazdoor 1.80
Bhishti 0.20
b) Half brick walls (with or without M3 Mason 0.12
hoop iron reinforcement) in cement Mazdoor
mortar Bhishti
b) -do- M3 Mason 0.25
but one brick work Mazdoor 0.40
Bhishti 0.10
Note : (1) The constants include labour involved in scaffolding
(2) The constants could be adopted for brick work with any mix
or mortar
(3) Labour for mixing mortar will be extra
V Form work
(a) Fabrication and erection with all
support, struts ,braces etc, and
dressing with oil as clearing of
formwork:
(i) Rectangular column and M3 Carpenter 0.25

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 walls Mazdoor 0.20
(ii) Suspended floor/roofs M3 Carpenter 0.23
Mazdoor 0.20
(iii) Side/soffits of beams M3 Mazdoor 0.20
Carpenter 0.30
VI Reinforcement
(a) Bar reinforcement including cut to Quin Bar- 1.00
length, hooking ends, cranking or tal binder 1.00
bending, hoisting and placing in any Mazdoor
position, binding with binding wire all
as specified.

(b) Un reinforced concrete under floor

including mixing pouring,
consolidating and cutting :-
(i) Mixer mixed cement M3 Mason 0.17
concrete Mazdoor 1.83
Bhishti 0.80
Mixer
operator 0.07
Mixer
Vibrator 0.07

(ii) Hand mixed lime concrete M3 Mason 0.17

Mazdoor 2.85
Bhishti 0.80
Bullock
with 0.15
driver
Note : The constants for items(c) to
(g) including mixing, pouring
consolidating and curing. They do not
include fair finish.

(c) Reinforced cement concrete in M3 Mason 0.17

situ in foundation Footings etc. Mazdoor 2.00
(excluding form work and Bhishti 0.90
reinforcement) Mixer
operator 0.07
Mixer
Vibrator 0.07
(d) -do- but unsuspended floors/roofs M3 Mason 0.24
Mazdoor 2.50
Bhishti 0.90
Mixer
operator 0.07
Mixer
Vibrator 0.07
(e) Reinforced cement concrete in situ M3 Mason 0.30
CHAJJAS upto 15 cm in thickness Mazdoor 3.50

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 excluding form work and reinforcement Bhishti 0.90
Mixer
operator 0.10
Mixer
Vibrator 0.10
(f)) Reinforced cement concrete in situ M3 Mason 0.20
in beams excluding for work and Mazdoor 3.00
reinforcement Bhishti 0.90
Mixer
operator 0.07
Mixer
Vibrator 0.07
VIII Paving and Floors Finish
(a) 15 mm thick cement plaster to M2 Mason 0.08
ceiling including mixing of mortar Mazdoor 0.15
Bhisti 0.10
(b) 15 mm thick cement plaster on M2 Mason 0.08
brick walls (exterior) including mixing Mazdoor 0.10
mortar Bhisti 0.10
(c) 15 mm thick cement plaster on M2 Mason 0.08
brick walls (interior) including mixing Mazdoor 0.10
mortar Bhisti 0.10
(d) Struck pointing to brick work in M2 Mason 0.08
cement mortar including mixing mortar Mazdoor 0.08
Bhisti 0.10
(e) Struck pointing random rubble M2 Mason 0.08
masonry in cement mortar including Mazdoor 0.15
mixing mortar Bhisti 0.10
XI Paving and Floors Finish

(a) Laying of PCC 40 mm thick in M2 Mason 0.08

alternate bays with side forms and Mazdoor 0.12
templates and finished smooth Bhisti 0.10

(b) Laying of PCC 40 mm thick in M2 Mason 0.07

alternate bays with side forms and Mazdoor 0.10
templates and finished smooth Bhisti 0.10

(c) Laying of 40 mm thick in situ

terrazzo flooring under layer 30 mm
thick cement concrete and top layer of
10 mm thick marble chips laid in
cement with dividing strips of glass,
metal or asbestos to form days
including cutting & grinding and
polishing:
(i) Laying M2 Mason 0.22
Mazdoor 0.22
Bhisti 0.10
(ii) Cutting grinding and polishing M2 Mazdoor 0.50

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 (d) Laying of 20 mm thick insitu M2 Machine 0.40
terrazzo skirting dado under layer 15
mm thick cement plaster and top layer
5 mm thick marble
(i) Laying M2 Mason 0.30
Mazdoor 0.30
Bhisti 0.10
(ii) Cutting grinding and polishing M2 Mazdoor 0.70
Note : Labour for mixing concrete for item (a) to (c) will be extra.
X Damp proof course
(a) Laying Damp proof course 40 mm M2 Mason 0.10
thick cement concrete including form Mazdoor 0.10
work and fair finishing to edges and Bhisti 0.01
mixing

(b) Laying Damp proof course 20 mm M2 Mason 0.10

thick in cement mortar integral water Mazdoor 0.10
proofing compound including mixing Bhisti 0.01
XI Joinery
(a) Door and window CHOWKHATS M2 Carpenter 20.00
coniferous and teakwood wrought and Mazdoor 2.00
rebated.
(b) Panelled/glazed joinery coniferous Carpenter 0.90
and teak wood 30 to 40 mm thick Mazdoor 0.10
framed with panels or space left out
for glass or fixing of mesh wire (with
tennoned joints).

(c) Fixing of ready made shutters to Carpenter 0.25

framed including fixing of fittings Mazdoor 0.25
XII Glazing
Fixing glass panes on steel or wood M2 Carpenter 0.20
work bedded with putty. Mazdoor 0.01

XIII Paining and Polishing

French polishing complete including a Painter 0.35
cost of wood . filler on new work.

XIV White Washing and Colour

Washing
(a) White washing with lime 3 coats M2 Washer 0.02
on new surface Mazdoor 0.01

(b) Two coats of colour wash over on M2 Washer 0.03

under coat of white wash on new work Mazdoor 0.01

(c) Distempering with dry distemper M2 Plaster 0.08

3 costs on new surface including a Mazdoor 0.04

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 priming cost of whiting

(d) Cement based paint 2 of more M2 Plaster 0.15

coats on new work (for each coat) Mazdoor 0.01
Bhisti 0.10
(e) Cement wash one coat on new M2 Washer 0.02
work
XV Terraced Roofing
(a) 10 cm thick (average) and M2 Mason 0.01
PHUSKA of clay mixed with BHUSA at Mazdoor 0.20
8 kg per m3 of clay on roofs laid to Bhisti 0.01
slope and consolidated

(b) 10 mm thick mud plaster and M2 Mazdoor 0.01

GOBRI leeping with mud GOBRI
mortar over mud GOBRI

(c) One layer of tile brick laid over M2 Mason 0.12

Gobri leeping and grouted with Mazdoor 0.15
cement mortar including mixing and Bhisti 0.01
finished neat.

(d) Lime concrete terracing

comprising of lime, surkhi brick ballast
20 mm and down average
consolidated thickness 10 cm finished
with belgiri treatment complete.
(i) Laying M2 Mason 0.10
Mazdoor 0.30
Bhisti 0.05
(ii) Beating and finishing M2 Mazdoor 0.07
Bhisti 0.10

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