A PARLIAMENT OF OWLS COMPLETE AND

COMSPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE

Content covered

• Introduction
• About the play
• Every act plot summary
• Each act characters and characterization
• Each act styles
• Sample essays

Introduction

‘Parliament of Owls’ is a poetry work by Adipo Sidang’ touching on different

themes with politics and the state of African politics as the over-arching theme.
The poet explores with blunt honesty and unique literary style the socio-political
ills that have undermined development in African countries, with great reference
to Kenya. Besides the theme of politics, the poet grapples with the reality and
illusion of love, delves into the theme of life and death, characterized by a deep
existentialist tone. The poet also doesn’t fail to assert the place of the artist in the
society. “Parliament of Owls heralds the arrival of a new emperor on the African
poetry scene…and this emperor, Adipo Sidang’, is hooting the naked truth.”
Tony Mochama, a Kenyan award-winning novelist, poet and literary critic says of
the book.

Mwalimu sifuna 0791801250 or 0718055483 1

Indeed, Parliament of Owls is a poetry book done by one of the foremost
English speakers in Kenya, I know. Mwalimu Consultancy, the Chief Analyst of
this Book learns that the author is a pan-African thinker and so, the book tackles
the topics of politics, of course, corruption, existence, love and hope; there’s music
in it. It is a critic, suggestion and a masterpiece.

The poet reels much in the command of English. Adipo enjoys the music from the
words flowing through his [Link] book invites the reader to take a taxi to ‘poetry
galaxy to discover verse, reality and music’.

The particular poem that the book is titled is about grand corruption in
government. It is loaded in high symbolism, humor but carries a serious message.
Of politicians it says;

“…they hovered like a committee of vultures scavenging like vultures and pigs! like hyenas
and ticks!…”

All Kenyan leaders, and Africa at large love brainless drama instead of delivering
to the masses. They are empty, always engaging in prostitution, drunkenness and
sleaze.

“Socialite owl makes up her face without making her mind and she terrifically twerks
ceaselessly burning cigar and wine”

▪ It is divided into four parts, firstly, Kingdom of the deranged, which deals
in poetry about politics, enigmas, democratic governance, and African
torchbearer

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 ▪

Secondly, the book of love, laughter and lies, tackles relationships. At some point
I wondered, where did this bachelor get so many words to entice women, to know
heartbreaks.

One of the poems, Love is a Ring was visualised. However, shortened. Read
this poem by buying the book.

Thirdly, Poems in D Minor, which delves into the subject of existence, so much for
a mixture of many emotions that strings music throughout this section.

▪ Part four, and the last one is title, Weapenry of the Poet, here Adipo, an
awardwinning author pens much music through his verses. Some message
is serious, others a celebration of life, a journey to the place where the poet
has reached since having his vision to write.

Throughout the book, the author’s love for English and mastery of it rings true.

▪ Being a lover of poems, the only downside is that the book is too long to
read, but with poetry, why should one hurry?

The book is Published by Contact Zones, Nairobi a Project of Native Intelligence.

About the play: Parliament of Owls.

"Parliament of Owls". A group of owls is actually known as a parliament of owls.

Contextualized, owls are a symbol of bad omen in most if not all African cultures

There is a lot of semblance between our parliament (read leadership) and owls
hence the use of the term.

What is the play about?

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▪ The play is set in the Kingdom of Birds ruled by the owls, with Parliament
of Owls as the most powerful institution only comparable to the Royal Trees
– the abode of the Royal Owl, King Tula Nyongoro. Money Bags Owl is the
Royal Owl's most trusted ally but he is corrupt, and goes grabbing every tree
around. Besides he is the "sponsor" of Socialite Owl who uses her position in
Parliament to push for passing of bills like the "Make-Up" Bill and works
closely with Red String Puppet Owl and other sycophants in ensuring the
interests of owls are protected, for instance with the passing of the Moonlight
Bill.

▪ However, Iron Lady Owl leads some owls in rebelling against bad
governance. The rebel owls, together with Day Birds, Grain Eaters and some
Night Birds and Omnivores (like Fleshy Carcass Vulture) join hands to
support a tiny female Day Bird called Oyundi the Fire-finch who happens to
be as cunning as her trainer Ogila Nyakarondo the Hare from
King Lion's Kingdom. Oyundi has to work out a plan of how to trick the
Royal Owl to ensure Parliament of Owls is replaced with Flock of Birds – an
inclusive government. In an effort to do this, Oyundi the Fire-finch
discovers the greatest secret in the Royal Trees – "The Golden Bead". Veteran
P leads the parrots in reporting the unfolding events at Parliament of Owls
in the Bird Kingdom.

▪ this play is a political satire that highlights how bad leadership, tribalism
and corruption can militate against the growth of a society, at the same time
it also proves that women and people from minority groups (like Oyundi
the Fire-finch, a female day bird) can rise against all odds to bring change
without necessarily engaging in violent protests. Most importantly, this play

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▪

introduces a new perspective of engaging the youth and Kenyans in general

insofar as civic consciousness is concerned.
. analyses that in the Opening Act of the play Parliament of Owls (East African
Educational Publishers) by Adipo Sidang, we are immediately drawn into
the world of these nocturnal birds by two characters.

▪ Osogo, the weaver bird, is in a state of sadness, as he plays melancholic tunes

on his flute. Red String, a sycophantic owl of the Royal trees, with hollow
eyeglasses made from millet stalk and a protruding tummy, thus cutting a
comic figure, stealthily encroaches (onto) the space of [Link] there is
nothing comical about their verbal twilight-lit confrontation (as opposed to
the literary cowboy shootouts at high noon).

▪ Osogo wants to know why a certain ‘cunning’ weaverbird was killed, yet she
had the Right to [Link] String replies with the cliché that (all) freedoms
have their limits.

▪ Then adds ominously: ‘Falcon goes as high as he can because he is created

to hit high levels. He can touch the clouds and tell us when it will rain. But
you weavers cannot. That is why falcon is our weatherman...’The implication
is clear!

▪ Birds like Osogo, the Weaver, are meant to ‘lie low like envelopes,’ in the
words of the belligerent if intelligent late Maa politician, William ole
[Link] in Adipo’s allegorical play, set in the Bird Kingdom, the owls
have cast themselves as the only

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birds with the capacity to think intelligently and make ‘brilliant’ laws for the good
of the Kingdom – which is ruled by a mysteriously malevolent Royal Owl, King
Tula Nyongoro.

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▪
As Red String explains to weaver bird Osogo, right from the get-go, ‘we
Owls have the largest eyes, and power will always rest with We the night
birds and the omnivores, not with you, day-time grain peckers! We must
protect the Kingdom from you for the sake of protecting it from Hyena,
Snake and Mongoose.’

▪ . for the third and fourth formers who will read (and perform) this play, that
is now an optional KCSE set book across all secondary schools in the country,
Sidang’s play may be seen as a play on the narrative of either ‘ruling ethnic
ethnicities’ (who believe it is their right to rule based on ‘large eyes’ or
tyranny of numbers) or, also, tribal kingpins who pretend to protect
‘community’ turf from other hostile tribal toughs.

▪ Yet, like in the ‘Parliament of Owls’ (which is really the collective phrase for
these oft dreaded doom fowl, associated with all sorts of superstition in
African folklore, including being harbingers of Death), the way business is
conducted in their august House will leave the reader aghast, as they are
selfish.

▪ Of course, inevitably, there is rebellion in the Kingdom of Birds, pitting a

fiery tiny female fire-finch against Arum Tindi, thunderous ground hornbill
and chief propagandist for the parliament of Owls.

▪ This is reminiscent of the sly but persuasive Snowy in George Orwell’s

classic ‘Animal Farm,’ whose Swahili version ‘Shamba La Wanyama’ was a
Kenyan secondary school set book for many years.

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▪
In this paper we are going to discuss the following salient issues; bad
governance, death, love and role of women in the society. We will discuss
the above issues based on numerous selected poems from the anthology
Parliament of Owls which was written and compiled by Adipo Sidang.

▪ In our analysis of an anthology of Parliament of Owls by Adipo Sidang the

issues that we discussed will be guided by various authorities who have
commented on the issues either directly or indirectly .

▪ In our analysis we shall concentrate on the concern of bad governance, that

is how government officials engage in social ills like corruption for
selfgratification at the expense of the citizen’s .This is evident in the poem,
“Parliament of Owls”. The poems “Left of us” and Flames of freedom” will
guide us in illustrating the effects of political wrangles on the people and the
country’s economy in general. We shall focus on the issue of death that
brings about emotional and psychological sufferings to the families of the
victim .Death having no subjective meaning has become a part of our day to
day life hence we must adapt and accept it as a stage in life.

▪ Women have come a long way in defying the odds and challenging issues of
gender inequality that existed and still experienced in everyday life .The
poems “Woman in kisii night club” “Free my heart”,” In remembrance of
Brenda”, “Marjorie lives on” and “shipwreck” guided in the discussion of
roles of women in the society.

▪ Different characters addressed by the poet paved a way for other women to
assume leadership roles in modern [Link] talks about how these women

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 ▪
created their own stories by standing for what they believed in and making
major breakthroughs in different fields in the society and literature.

Today women in positions of power challenge the status quo and this has
given more opportunities to women who have been previously disregarded
.Growth of women in leadership positions has streghthened and the world
has a new view of women as intellectuals other than sexual objects. Love
encompasses a range of strong and positive emotional and mental states. The
poems “Revival”

“Ningwendete” “book of love “and “you killed me” guided us in analyzing the
theme of love.

ACT 1 PLOT SUMMARY

The play opens at sunset with sounds of birds, the hooting of owls, twittering and
other bird noises, followed by the playing of a flute. The rising curtain reveals the
flute player is Osogo, the weaverbird; he is playing a mourning song. Probably
mourning the recent death of his thirty-three friends who, we learn were killed by
the owls in the recent ‘weaver massacre.’

Red string, a male owl with a protruding stomach stealthily approaches him.
Osogo notices him and announces his departure accusing the owl of breaking the
same rules the parliament of owls has created. Apparently, the rule states that owls
should appear after dark but it isn’t even dusk yet. Red string apologizes to osogo
for the latter having neon caught in the recent wave in which his friend died.

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 ▪
Osogo insists that the bird had a right to life which Red String says that rights
come with responsibilities. Osogo wonders when speaking the truth became
synonymous with irresponsibility and promises Red String that change is soon

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coming. Red String says that owls have the right to rule because they have the
largest eyes; besides, they protest the birds from other dangerous animals such as
snake.

Osogo accuses the owls of killing the day birds and only passing laws that favor
the owls; he adds that the owls use animals such as python to punish day birds.
Python is the hangman for birds condemned by the parliament of owls.

Tel Tel enters and is surprised to use Red String since it isn’t [‘t dusk yet but Red
String claims that being the king’s advisor, he is free to make ‘technical’
appearances anywhere in the bird kingdom. Osogo leaves, accusing Red String of
making and braking laws. Tel Tel protests when Red String tries to send her. She
says she has to protest with the other birds because owls are looting and setting
other animals upon them to steal their eggs.

Both listen to owls twittering then Red String drops the bombshell; the owls are
about to pass another law which pushes supervision hours forward from 10 pm to
6 pm. It restricts noise and movement after 6 pm. Owls are exempt from this law.
Tel Tel is to inform the other birds about the new law lying that it has been
necessary by the owls learning of an imminent attack on the kingdom.

This law is coupled with the introduction of the moonlight tax to aid the owls in
the increased supervision hours. If the birds read any mischief in the in Tel Tel's
news, she is to lie that the new tax is a tithe to be taken to the gods by Falcon during
her next visit to the skies. Declining the current job given by Red String, Tel Tel
accuses Red String of being a turncoat. He had promised not to "lout" Osogo but
the owls attacked him making Tel Tel look bad because she had been spreading
propaganda against Osogo on Red String's instructions: it makes it appear like Tel

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Tel is in league with the owls which attack Osogo as a ‘result of which the day
birds don't trust her any longer.

• Arum Tidi enters as the two argue about Tel Tel's current assignment and
displays a little with which impresses Red String. If vou cannot convince then,
confuse them, ha-ha!" 14).Tel Tel leaves in disgust, but Red String ops her in her
tracks with a new threat: he claims that she has declined the current job because
the pay wasn't t good enough and besides. She has betrayed other birds by
revealing that a protest is fomenting.

Tel Tel threatens him. ‘You will pay for this…you will’ but Red String and Arum
Tidi laugh sarcastically at her as she exits.

Irked by Red String’s current association with Tel Tel, Arum Tidi complains that
Red String ha ignored his warning not to trust day birds. Red string apologizes
explaining that Tel Tel has the advantage of appealing to the emotions of day
birds. They trust her because she warns them of danger by hammering on trees.
Arum Tidi advices him to ban hammering or tax it or even arrest the recalcitrant
bird. Red String then sends Arum Tidi to spread propaganda about the Moonlight
Law in return for ‘a rat every night served with delicious soup at the royal Trees…
with the king for the next seven nights.’ (pg.18)

Arum Tidi agrees to lie to the other birds that his news about the Moonlight Law
is a revelation from the gods, if they look unconvinced. He then voices his fear
about rumors he heard about turncoat owls. Red String says that the loyal owls
have a strategy to take care of the turncoats.

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Arum Tidi suggests that he can spread some propaganda about the intractable
owls too but Red String says that they ought to take care of one enemy at a time
according to strategy sixty-six in Royal Owl's book, How to Hoot a Strategy Song.

• Red String is disturbed by Osogo's flute which is heard in the distance but Arum
Tidi assures him that the Moonlight Bill will soon take care of that: it will introduce
a curfew by which all birds must be asleep by sunset. Red String exits leaving
Arum Tidi praising the Moonlight Bill with honorable Hornbill' and how it will
ensure safety for all.

Major events in this at include; Osogo and Red String in a supreme tussle over day
and night laws. Red String threatens Tel Tel of treason charges and accuses
Oyundi as rogue. The ills of Parliament of Owls are exposed, hooting and looting.

Arum Tidi, the ground hornbill and chief propaganda betrays fellow day birds by
spreading lies from

Royal trees. Money Bags introduces and sponsors the controversial Moonlight
bill.

ACT 1 CHARACTERS AND CHARACTERIZATION

A character is a player in a literary text such as a play.

1. Osogo

A wise male weaver bird, he is synonymous with the lute which he cither plays
on stage or reminds us of his presence in the background throughout the play.
He is the first character to appear on stage which underlines his importance in
the play. This is hinted by his latent anger after the Waver Massacre. The
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 immediate introduction of Red String completes the two camps at war with
each other.

Intelligent and artistic; He plays the flute during the course of the play which
forms the undercurrent controlling the mood and atmosphere of the events. He
uses the flute to send coded messages to the birds, thereby controlling the
direction of the fomenting rebellion. He keeps the day birds informed and the
owls deceived.

Empathetic and sympathetic; The death of fellow weaverbirds and especially a

close friend' rally affects him. We find him mourning when the play opens.
He says that the murdered weaver bird had a right to life!

Critical. He criticizes the owls and their apparent control of life and death. He
criticized the owls for their insincerity and double-standards; they make rules
and then break them, though they want others to obscure the sane rules.

Melancholic but perceptive; He remains sad throughout the play which

underscores the seriousness of the struggle against the owls. His flute in the
background serves to emphasize this. He easily interprets the owls' intention of
destroying the day birds especially the weaver birds for their revolt. He sees
through the owls ‘union with other animals as a scheme to terrorize day birds.

Optimistic; Despite the recent massacre of weaver birds, he remains hopeful of

change and tells Red String that change is coming soon. A time is coming
when...all birds will brave a sane parliament'.

Supportive; Oyundi and remains by her side, physically and ideally until the end.
He is encouraging. When Ochongorio seems to lose hope that anything can be
done about the owls, he gives comfort saying that he suffers from chronic hop.

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Symbolic; He represents the sorrow and solitude of those let by loved ones
especially when the circumstances prevailing prevent them from ameliorating the
situation. In the play, he represents the wider family of weaker birds especially
those that are killed during the Weaver Massacre. This is the first thing he talks
about when we nest him on stage, This 15 also one major thing that controls the
plot, thus it is important as an instigating action which causes the conflict between
the owls and the other birds.

Osogo is also symbolic in as far as he reminds the owls (and the audience) of what
they are guilty of. He is not only representative of the conscience eating at the owls,
now that they couldn't kill him, but he is a constant reminder of what the owl’s arc
capable of. His flute playing in the background sets the melancholic mood of the
play and underlies the struggle of the day birds. His flute constantly irks both the
king and Money Bags, urging them to do something about their conscience - by
getting rid of him. This drives the plot forward in that both the king and Money
Bags go to great extremes which hasten their downfall. He remains steadfast as
Oyundi's ally and as one of the leaders of the day birds up to the end of their
struggle.

Cautious; He is cautious in his dealings with Red String after the Owls had killed
their families. He tells Red Spring to leave, or he will fly away.

Inquisitive; He asks Red Springs many questions about breaking of the laws
passed. His inquisitive nature is also seen when he asks Red String what he wants.
The Parliament of Owls is silent when day birds and grain-eaters are killed.

Bitter; He expresses his anger at the killings of day birds and grain-eaters, while,
Parliament of Owls does nothing.

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 2. Red String

A male owl, Red String acts as the conduit between the owls and other birds
especially when there is a thorny issue to be straightened out. He is used by the
owls, especially Money Bags, to do the dirty work for them.

Insincere and cunning; He pretends to apologize to Osogo about his having been
caught in the middle during the Weaver Massacre yet we later see him planning
worse crimes on other birds. He, for instance, plans the murder of Arum Tidi and
we see him planning to have Oyundi for a feast with other owls. He tricks to calm
Osogo after the Weaver Massacre in order to bring him to the side of the owls by
pretending that he wasn't one of the targets of the owls during the massacre.
Failing this, he resorts to threats.

Manipulative; He plays around with Tel Tel's intelligence, appealing to her sense
of pride in order to get her to do his dirty work. When he appears to fails, he tries
the same with the softer Arum Tidi. When the work is done, he participates in
Arum Tidi's murder proving that he only entertained him for as long as he was
useful to his purposes.

Threatening, When he is unable to get anywhere with borh, Osogo and Tel Tel, he
intimidates and bullies them. When Osogo accuses the owls of befriending Python
Red String says he is acting 'treasonably' and is out of order.

Shrewd; He believes in tackling one problem at a time. He turns to Arum Tidi

when Tel Tel refuses to play ball. He then begins planning against Arum Tidi
immediately he suspects that the latter's propaganda campaign contains more
than acts the cycle, and when he feels that Arum Tidi knows too much' and might
no longer be the necessary cog in his dark designs.

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Hypocritical and pretentious; He pretends that the Moonlight Law is good while
indeed working together with Money Bags to prolix the latter. Money Bags uses
him to catch the Moonlight Law and he appoints the blind Olik Tiga to be counting
and registering the eggs of the birds.

3. Tel Tel

She is a female woodpecker and one who is short of intelligence. As a result, the
owls use her as a propagandist among other day birds to make it easier for their
rule to be accepted without question. She starts as hypocritical, pretentious and
traitorous. She is the conduit which Red string uses to spread propaganda
throughout the bird kingdom without getting his hands dirty.

4. ArumTidi

He is a male hornbill who is also a propagandist for the owls. He is cunning and
prides himself in his wit which draws Iron his taming words this way and that to
confuse the meaning.

Narcissistic, vain and greedy; He enjoys being flattered, which makes it easy for
Red String to use him. He agrees to betray his fellow day birds simply for the
prospect of dining with the king at the Royal Trees. He also betrays them for food.

Cunning; He advises Red String to introduce a law against hammering on trees in

order to take care of his rival, Tel Tel the woodpecker, because the latter is more
convincing at her propagandist ways. This way, the propagandist job is left solely
to him.

Conspiratorial; He agrees with Red String that whatever they have met and
discussed should remain between then.

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Naïve and short-sighted; He fails to see that the owls arc only using him to their
advantage which puts him in grave danger should the owls no longer need him.
He fails to see the import of the information he shares with dangerous owls such
as Money Bags and Red String and where that will leave him when they get an
alternative or if they should find themselves against the wall. As a result, he gets
killed for 'knowing too much

H e is gullible; He fails to notice that he is being used by the owls.

ACT 1 STYLISTIC DEVICE

Motif

In literature, a motif is a recurring idea crated by recurring events or ideas which

create a pattern that points to an idea that isn't mentioned, especially one that
underscores the symbolic importance of the said idea or event.

When we first meet him, Osogo is 'perched on a stone...engrossed in his flute'.

This underscoreres his melancholy and despondency, which we later learn stems
from his losing friends during the Weaver Massacre.

His flute continues to sound in the background after this, continually reminding
both the audience in general and Money Bags and the King in particular, of
Osogo's irk some presence. Allegory An allegory is a story that draws a parallel to
a particular human reality, often by drawing a picture that parallels a particular
historical event.

Allegory

Often use animal characters to satirize some historical incidences.

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A Parliament of Owls is allegorical in a number of ways. First, it critiques politics
in general and political behavior. Second, it draws a parallel between the story it
tells and the Kenyan political scene. This is done through allusions which
emphasize particular realities and teach through them.

Allusion; Allusion, in literature is an implied or indirect reference to a person,

event, or thing or lo a part of another let. Most allusions are based on the
assumption that there is a body of knowledge that is shared by the author and the
reader and that therefore the reader will understand the author's referent.

Political Allusion; Political allusions are a type of allusion made that draws ideas
from and parallels, criticizes or commends political climate or incidents. Allusion
is made to the political scene in Kenya and the rest of the world. The playwright
makes a parody of what is called opposition politics in the third world, It has very
little to do with the interests of the electorate.

It’s simply a couple of disgruntled politicians locked out of government who

spend the parliamentary term howling and waiting until they can fight to join the
next government - that is, if they do not defect into the current once before the
elections.

Literary Allusion; A literary allusion is a direct comparison made to characters

that have appeared in the literary field, be they fictional, historical, or even writers
themselves. A wide allusion is made to the Luo oral tradition. The bird characters
in Parliament of Owls are designed after their perception and the discernment of
their behavior among the Luo. Ogila Nyakarondo, the hare, for example, is alluded
to as well as his cunning and Wisdom.

Rhetoric Questions; Rhetoric questions are questions which are asked for their
effect, not to seek a Response from the target. In literature, they are used to fill up
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information, especially where the exposition of such information is crucial to the
plot.

Often, they also supply information about what a character is thinking, thereby
helping to build character.

Symbolism; Symbolizing in literature refers to the use of words to draw images

that represent particular objects, events, people or even other ideas. Characters are
also symbolic both in their nature, that is, the wavy they are introduced, and the
way they behave.

Use of Asides Asides are instances where a character says something meant for the
benefit of the audience (sometimes to one or two other characters on stage to
whom it will be whispered), definitely not all fellow characters on stage. This helps
in creating dramatic irony. A good example is where Red String whispers aside
we make and break them. Above the law!' (pg. 7) when explaining the Moonlight
Bill to Tel Tel.

Soliloquy; This is an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by one, especially
by a character in a play to reveal his thoughts to the audience. At the end of Act I,
Arum Tidi speaks to himself after Red String has left the stage, having given him
instructions to spread propaganda about the Moonlight Bill. In a case of breaking
the fourth wall, Arum Tidi speaks to the audience.

Flashback; Flashback refers to a pause in the current story to look- or examine - at

events that happened before it. The plot and the conflict in the play. Parliament of
Owls, majorly rely on a flashback. When the play opens, Osogo is mourning
having lost many of his friends in the recent Weaver Massacre'.

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Foreshadow; To Foreshadow is to hint or predict what is to come. The play also
uses a lot of foreshadowing. The playing of Osogo's flute both onstage and in the
background underscores the sadness and melancholy of the weaver birds caused
by the recent Weaver Massacre. The irksome nature with which the playing of the
flute is taken by the king and the owls in general foreshadows the coming
showdown between the owls and the day birds.

Humor; Humor refers to apparent fun or the quality of being amusing or comic.
Humor is similarly created through Arum Tidi's double-speak. Are they
conditional terms or terminal conditions? (15) And later, his exchange of words,
*suspicious/auspicious occasion'. The play makes a practical joke of the idiom
'kitchen cabinet; Money Bags is not only illiterate and inept but he was practically
a cook in Royal owl's kitchen from where he was appointed to parliarnent.

Onomatopoeia; Onomatopoeia is one way a pet can create sounds in a poem.

Onomatopoeia is a word that actually looks like the sound it makes, and we can
almost hear those sounds as we read. Here are some words that are used as
examples of onomatopoeia: slam, splash, bam, babble, warble, gurgle, mumble,
and belch. When Money Bays questions Tel Tel for insulting their intelligence as
owls, Tel Tel shouts the words hooting, screaming, squawking and belching'
which are used to describe sound.

Personification; when an idea or animal is given human characteristics. All

animals in the play are given human qualities and characteristics; for example.
They can speak.

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ACT 2 PLOT SUMMARIES

• The action occurs in the chambers of the parliament of owls. The curtain
rises to reveal Mr. Speaker, who severally doubles as the owl, Money Bags, on
stage wearing a lion's mane which, apparently, is the speaker's wig. Business
opens with the owls rising and pledging loyalty to Royal Owl. Socialite Owl rises
on a point of order to draw the speaker's attention to the fact that the Make-up Bill
isn't included in the business order of the day but Money Bags offers to buy her all
the make-up she needs. Socialite Owl thanks Money Bags for 'the successful
passing" of the bill that ensures owls will have fried rats, baked mice, honey and
mayonnaise' saying that even Feathered Beak and the rebel owls joined in the
coloration of that bill. Money bags thanks Feathered Beak and Iron Lady for this
then introduces debate on the Moonlight Bill.

• Feathered Beak says that the aforementioned bill will compensate them
while Iron lady says it was an armistice and today they are more determined to
.defeat the agents of backwardness and dictatorship in this kingdom' (24). The
speaker rules her out of order: he oscillates around the speaker's chair doubling as
himself and as Money Bags. Of someone else in their disrespect for Royal Owl.
Straight-Eyed accuses Money Bags of ceaseless looting and insulting 'owls that
have greater thinking capacity than the entire kitchen cabinet old Royal Owl.
(26).

. Tired, Money Bags falls into a scat and begins reminiscing He is happy that he
has been able to deal with the rebel owls who tried to stop him from gaining the
tender for the care of all little birds, this way, he will be able to control both the
population and the minds of the birds to counter dissent. He vows not to let the
king give the tender to one of his mistresses, and then begins to doze.

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• He has a dream which reveals his varied fears. First, he hears a voice which
turns out to be Oyundi. He accuses Oyundi of crossing the borders to work with
their enemies. Oyundi in tum reveals he knows of the golden bead which is a royal
secret, she says the birds are coming to take over the parliament and abandon all
laws passed in favor of the owls, The Moonlight Law won't be passed and several
other laws will be repealed as well. Money Bags threatens her while Oyundi goads
him.

• She exits as Osogo enters claiming he is playing his flute right in the middle
of the Royal Trees. Money Bags mistakes the flute for a knife and begs not to be
killed. Osogo demands to know who is responsible for the Weaver Massacre and
Money Bags blames Royal Owl. Osogo exits.

• Royal Owl enters and demands to know why Money Bags has mentioned
my name in vain". Money Bags pleads his loyalty, comparing Royal Owl to man.
Royal Owl reminds him that he has been told not to compare the king with
manthat featherless creature who messes the cart by cutting trees and polluting
rivers: the only birds who should probably praise man are hens and sparrows.
Money Bags praises Royal Owl who tells him that he can she he is happy with the
new moon, and then asks him what he can see on the moon. Money Bags says I he
can see hare on the moon.

• Royal Owl tells him hare isn't on the moon for he cannot fly: he is only on
Money Bags mind. Money Bags agrees- and so is Oyundi. Royal Owl tells him that
enemies are a creation of the owls: there are only two tribes of birds - owls and
other birds. Owls create enemies by 'weaving theories and propaganda’, which are
impressed on other owls. He quotes Oyundi to emphasize his point. “Fiction
always makes sense to those birds that have experienced reality’, a little bird once

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said". (56). Money Bags says that not even the rains can wash the intelligence of
Royal owl but Royal Owl tells him that even the rains don't exist. Money Bags
agrees-the rains don't exist, just like the reign of the owls. Royal owl slaps him,
accusing him of treason. He says he would have jailed Money Bags had they not
been in the cold clouds serving their jail term. He sends Money Bags to go and
shut up the weaver playing the lute lest he 'snuff out that which keeps him alive'.
(58),

Money Bags condoles him and wishes may his soul rest in peace. He silences
Veteran P when he asks about rumors and insists that Arum Tidi is a fallen hero
for who he decrees on behalf of Royal Owl that We shall fly our flags at half-mast
to to show solidarity with the family. “He adds that Arum Tidi joins the list of our
heroes to be celebrated on Heroes Day" and is awarded a posthumous royal EBH-
Elder of The Beautiful Horn.

ACT 2 CHARACTERS AND CHARACTERIZATION

1. Money Bags/Mr. Speaker

Money Bags is best remembered for the satire on parliaments in the third world
which is introduced through him. Such parliaments are more interested in the
way things seem rather than what they really are.

A male owl, Money bags is introduced as a cunning double character that plays
cither himself or someone close depending on the convenience. This is seen
very well when he is introduced in Act II in parliament.

He is depraved; He uses his wealth to influence the parliament to get his

sponsored bills passed. When Socialite Owl objects over the Make-up Bill not

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being included in the day's session, he offers to buy her make-up in order to get
her to his side and pave way for the current bill.

Irascible; He easily goes out of temper with those who present views he
disagrees with. In parliament for example, he rules Iron Lady out of order for
not agreeing with him. When Straight-Eyed Owl openly accuses him of
belonging to the kitchen cabinet, he becomes 'visibly angry' and threatens him.
We will not allow that here'. (26).

Cunning. He doubles his character in parliament to give the illusion of debate.

He also pretends to be the forerunner of government business, defending its
policies and the infallibility of Royal Owl while, in fact, running his own secret
show to finally dethrone Royal Owl and take over the government.

Intolerant; He does not accommodate anyone who has different opinions. In

parliament, he cunningly gets others thrown out for presenting different
opinions. He pretends that Iron Lady is out of order in order to deny her the
right to vote in his attempt to get his bill passed, and then sends her out of the
chamber.

Illiterate; His inability to properly interpret some terms shows that he isn't
much educated. When Feathered Beak uses the term (Ex cathedra), he thinks
the latter refers to a cathedral and accuses him of disrespecting the parliament.
Iron lady also reveals that he is one of the owls who were appointed to
parliament abler being 'mere cooks in Royal Owl's kitchen' , suggesting that he
is little educated inefficient and unqualified to be a parliamentarian.

Hypocritical and pretentious; He gets the rebel owls kicked out of parliament
to deal with non conforming opinions, and then pretends that some are drunk

0718055483 25
though they clearly aren't. Thank you for acting wisely in dealing with the
drunk and deranged Iron Lady

Vain and short-sighted; after the Moonlight Law is passed, he becomes

foolishly optimistic. He feels that as the birds worship Royal Owl, they will be
worshipping him too.

2. Socialite Owl

A female owl, she is the perfect picture of a paragon of greed and conceit - a
woman who unashamedly uses her beauty for profit. When we first meet her
in the parliament, her greatest concern is her looks. Indeed, she stops
government business in order to have the concerns of her beauty addressed.
Vain, sycophantic and narcissistic; She cares more about what gives her an
advantage and not the matters of the public she represents in parliament.

Proud; she feels insulted when Iron Lady compares owls to chicken and
demands that she withdraws the remark. She accuses chickens of being
cowardly suggesting that she isn't as cowardly as they are. She enters
catwalking, clear demonstration of beer vanity. It is the same vanity that makes
her fight Iron Lady, believing she is contesting her influences over Money Bags.
Condescending and insulting; She accuses Feathered Beak of being ...out of his
mind since this session began'. She thinks that hornbills such as Arum

Tidi think too highly of themselves which they do not deserve

3. Feathered Beak

He is a male owl who is one of the owls who have rebelled against the
parliament.

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Inconsistent and selfish; He employs double standard sin that he looks for
compensation for what he does, meaning that he is not necessarily in
parliament for the good of the electorate. He justifies his having voted for the
bill that...increased. Compensation from once fried rat a day, to thrice fried rats,
frog soup and baked mice. In that it was deserved; this clearly shows that he
only gives thought to himself and not the populace.

Irascible; He shouts at the speaker in frustration when the latter is unfair. He

turns true to the day birds finally. When Straight Eyed Owl joins the loyal owls,
he doesn't. Instead, he uses his talent of detection to keep watch on the Royal
trees for the day birds. He is also used to show the futility of making a just
society through parliament. Like the other opposition members of parliament,
his effect is not felt at all.

4. Red String

Suspicious; When he hears Osogo's flute, he suspects that there is something

sinister behind it and that Arum Tidi is being economical with the truth.

Shrewd; He believes in tackling one problem at a time. He turns to Arum Tidi

when Tel Tel refuses to play ball. He then begins planning against Arum Tidi
immediately he suspects that the latter's propaganda campaign contains more
than meets the eye, and when he feels that Arum Tidi 'knows too much' and
might no longer be the necessary cog in his dark designs. He lies that Arum
Tidi died of fighting his own reflection knowing very well that he planned the
death with Money Bags.

Sycophantic; He is a puppet to Money Bags and does not only do his dirty work
but also aligns with him in order to get rid of rebels in and out of parliament,

0718055483 27
He shouts down the rebels in parliament calling them troublemakers' because
they disagree with his master, Money Bags.

Naive and short-sighted; He gives little thought to what will happen when he
is no longer useful to Money Bags or when the cookie crumbles.

Knave; He encourages Money Bags in his misinterpretation for his own ends -
to get the rebels out of parliament and get on the right side of Money Bags. He
takes advantage of Money Bags naive and Leads him on until it is too late

Conspiratorial; He plans with Money Bags to use Arum Tidi, then dispose of
him when he no longer useful.

Condescending and proud; He deems himself better than others who he looks
down upon, even insults. He scorns Arum Tidi who he thinks does everything
to impress...” He scorns his intelligence and thinks him unable to discern how
he is used....a case of the maker of the guillotine, finally facing the wrath of the
guillotine'.

Treacherous and dishonest; He lies to Money Bags that Arum Tidi is praising
Royal Owl to cover for his misdeeds. It turns out that Arum Tidi is singing a
protest song and encouraging other hornbills to protest. When caught, he
blames Black String for trusting the hornbill. It is largely through his treachery
that Money Bags remains naive and finally comes to his downfall.

5. Iron Lady

Iron Lady She is a female, rebel owl who keeps more or less a clear conscience
as regards her work in parliament

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Diplomatic; She agrees to some of Money Bags bills as a concession for the right
side of Parliament to agree with dissenting views. That bill was like a ceasefire.

Knowledgeable and critical; She accuses Money Bags of having been a cook at
Royal Owl's kitchen, therefore incompetent to carry out the business of
parliament.

Condescending: She looks down on Money Bags and his colleagues who she
accuses of ineptitude. She accuses Socialite Owl of trying to think without
thinking'

Critical; She criticizes Royal Owl for giving himself the luxury of 'eating lizards
every night' while other birds cannot find water to drink.

Candid; She puts it plain what the Moonlight Bill is about...this new law is a
secret ploy by Money Bags, to loot funds from the coffers of birds..?

Consistent and works with the day birds to the end; this way, she shows that
parliamentarians do not have to be on the side of a government which is unjust.
To create a just society, every Member of Parliament must be conscientious and
responsible to the electorate.

6. Black String
He is another sycophantic Owl used by Money Bags.

Cowardly; He is unable to talk straight to Money bags fearing the

consequences. When he comes to report, he stammers, afraid to say
anything that may make Money Bags angry or deem him incompetent. 'A
demonstration Money Bags. (Hesitates) Err...Err (44).

0718055483 29
 Indecisive and can neither think straight nor quickly; When he reports the
protest, he cannot tell what to do next. 'So, what is the way forward, Money
Bags?’ Similarly, he doesn't easily understand what he is told and keeps
asking for explanations. This suggests his low intelligence and emphasizes
the reason why Money Bags finds it cast to use the likes of him.

Candid; He openly reminds Money Bags that they 'shortchanged the

vultures and grabbed the sacred tree from the crows' thus he doesn't expect
then to support the owls.

Flattering and ingratiating; He sticks by Money Bags side even when it is

clear that it is dangerous for him. He supports Royal Owl with a blind
sycophancy that blinds him to the danger to self and to other owls. He is
unable to read between the lines even when the writing is on the wall. He
tells Money bags that there are rumors about what might have happened to
Oyundi yet cannot she the danger that goes with supporting Money Bags or
sticking by his side.

7. Royal Owl
He is the king of the bird kingdom and the lead owl who also goes by the name
Tula Nyongoro, the Owl of Owls. According to Money Bags, he is nepotistic;
he is likely to give tenders to his mistresses. Iron Lady says that he sent a
number of owls from his kitchen right into parliament. These owls include
Money Bags who he uses to control parliament and get rid of dissent.

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He is short-sighted; while he thinks it fit to up point unintelligent owls that he
cannot control, he fails to see that the same incept owls may lead him to his
downfall. When Money Bags goes down, he goes with the king.

Hypocritical and pretentious; When anointing Arum Tidi Elder of the Beautiful
Horn, he "tells' him that next time he shouldn’t take his word for granted. This
suggests that Royal Owl is well aware of what caused Arum Tidi's demise.

Satirical and disrespectful; He calls Arum Tidi a hero' but it is clear he means
the opposite; Arum Tidi's heroism only makes sense in as far as the owls were
able to use him as a propaganda tool and especially in getting the Moonlight
Bill passed. Royal Owl's thinking and will be feasted on tonight.

Vain; He uses his name and his chambers to create mystery around himself.
The name His Majesty, Royal Owl, Tula Nyongoro, the owl of owls - is meant
to surround him with mystery and intimidate other birds into silence and
obedience. Mystery is also created around Royal trees which are out of bounds.
The king also surrounds himself with mystery about his dirt, his dreams and
their interpretation and particular revered objects he owns their purpose? To
make him even more of an enigma, because this is what he relies on for his
reign to prosper, it is this mystery that gives him the power of unquestionable
command.

Secretive; He keeps secrets about him which serve similar a purpose, He, for
instance, 'rolls his eyeballs clockwise in sleep" and ...cats at least a lizard every
last hour of the night.

Superstitious and ignorant; He keeps a bead which he says justifies his rule.
He cats lizards at night. He uses this superstition to entrench mystery about
him and his rule. Royal Owl is used to criticize monarchies and their use
0718055483 31
mystery to maintain and justify their rule. This is well seen in Africa where
some presidents rule for life or continue to lengthen their tenures indefinitely.
It is also clear that such leaders have little idea of how their govemment run or
what happens to the subjects of their kingdoms.

ACT 2 STYLES AND STYLISTIC DEVICES

Rhetoric Questions

Rhetoric questions are questions which are asked for their elect, not to seek a
response from the target. In literature, they are used to fill up information.
Especially where the exposition of such information is crucial to the plot. On
pg. 45, Money Bags asks, what do those little birds know. When Black String
suggests that the rebellion has increased so much there is no hope of controlling
it. The rhetoric question, coupled with Money Bags confidence suggests the
depth of his evil nature. This makes sense when we remember the Weaver
Massacre

Satire Satire is the art of making someone or something look ridiculous, raising
laughter in order to embarrass, humble, or discredit its targets. The author
satirizes Money Bags, Socialite Owl and Red String; when the three could not
comprehend the meaning of Ex-cathedra, it paints how illiterate they are

Simile; Comparison of two things using like' or 'as Socialite Owl also uses a
simile: "owls cannot be as cowardly as chicken Through a simile Money Bags
says that victory songs are never composed; they just come like strong winds.

Biblical Allusion; A biblical allusion is a brief and indirect reference to a person,

event or story from the Bible, used in literature. There is biblical allusion when
0718055483 32
 Money Bags tells the Speaker that he has Solomon wisdom after Iron Lady is
thrown out of the Parliament.

Humor; Money Bags is humorous. He says that Anim Tidi will attack his
reflection like a clown when taken' to the water point.

Humor is created too when the Speaker asks Straight-Eyed Owl, 'Did you just
make reference to the kitchen cabinet in that manner?". Humor comes in that
by this question, Money Bags -who is illiterate - shows he doesn't understand
what a kitchen cabinet is. If he did, he would be irked by the use of the term,
not the reference to it. Secondly, by this, he admits that it is true that there is a
kitchen cabinet.

Use of a Song There is the use of a song; the birds sing their song of freedom,
"'we the birds, we fly so high.

Onomatopoeia; Onomatopoeia is one way a poet can create sounds in a poem.

Onomatopoeia is a word that actually looks like the sound it makes, and we
can almost hear those sounds as we read.

ACT 3 PLOT SUMMARY

• It is the evening after the death of Arum Tidi and Ochongorio, Osogo and
Tel Tel are mourning him beside his fresh grave. Ochongorio, who is losing
hope, bemoans the indefatigability of the owls but Osogo comforts her. I suffer
from a chronic condition called hope. (63). the three discuss the events leading
to Arum Tidi's death. He was betrayed by Socialist Owl who leant about his
activities from Little P. Money Bags comes up with trick to create insecurity by
sending snakes to cat day birds eggs; this would give way to the introduction
of the Law of Bird Protection. In Money Bags last attempt to do this, Oyundi
0718055483 33
used the ants to drive away the snakes -but did not ask for permission from
Police Owl.

• Little P enters and Osogo demands to know what she wants; Ochongorio
accuses her of working with the owls to weaken day birds. Osogo accuses her
of being responsible for Arum Tidi's death. Little P informs them that Money
Bags tricked the vultures and the crows, both of whom contested the security
contract because he had already awarded it to Olik Tiga while Black String
presented a bill in parliament to give Olik Tiga citizenship. Oyundi was
declared an enemy for disregarding Police Owl while Arum Tidi had damning
info about Money Bags and Royal trees. So Money Bags has warned against
speculation about Arum Tidi's death. The blind bat has the right to use the Law
of Bird Protection to inspect nests any time of day or night. Hoots of owls are
heard coming nearer and Little P announces that they are coming for a party.
The owls appear at the grave and the birds hide.

• Enter Police Owl, then Black String, then a drunken Red String. Red String
mocks at Arum Tidi saying that he caused his own death by fighting your own
reflection' which is like fighting Royal Owl". Red String complains that there's
a bird hiding in the vicinity. Owls hoot loudly then a drunk Money Bags and
Socialite Owl enter heralding the entry of Royal Owl. Money Bags flatters owl
while Socialite Owl scams at Arum Tidi. We sent him home like a hero, which
he is not. (72).

• Royal Owl confers the EBII-Elder of The Beautiful Home- on the dead Arum
Tidi, and then warms him not to take his word for granted next time. They
celebrate the passing of the Moonlight Bill as other owls join in. They dance and
drink toasting Royal Owl’s long reign. Royal Owl announces the end of the

0718055483 34
party and is escorted out by Police Owl and Money Bags, who bids Red String
to go announce to the kingdom. Red String turns to the gathering and first
mourns the parting of Arum Tidi, then asks all birds to adhere to the Moonlight
Law which takes effect immediately: 'All birds by now should be in their nests
unless they are an owl... (74).

• Little P enters and letters Red String who in turn bids her to be silent. Red
String announces the appointment of One-Eyed to implement the Moonlight
Law. He asks all birds to register their eggs with Olik Tiga every evening...to
enable us have real time statistics that we can use against predators like snake'.
(76). . . The hidden birds wonder at his meaning. Red String hears their
whispers but Little P puts them down to Nyawawa, the wind. Red String
announces that Red, Black and Green String have been honored with the
OMDE- Order of The Most Digital Eyes and the EMSH- Elder of The Most
Significant Hoot. Iron Lady enters and pokes fun at the commendations. Red
String silences Little P but Iron Lady tells him he can never 'gag the press".
Red String calls Police Owl who whisks her away.

• Little P queries him about Arum Tidi's death but he silences her and instead
announces the elevation of Money Bags who henceforth will...run the
intelligence system, chair the security committee, scek viable alliances with
Lion Kingdom, sign partnership deals with reptiles and..Sit in the highest
decision-making organ in the kingdom". (78). He will also control the
movement of all day birds and night birds, make policies and advice. Red
String adds that Oyundi was arrested but signed a pact with Royal Owl to be
celebrated at sunset the next day. Further, Oyundi has been appointed to
parliament and given the work of the now wanted Tel Tel. Besides, she will be
responsible for simplifying the complex laws to day birds.

0718055483 35
• Oyundi enters and stands at the foot of the grave, then tells day birds it is
time to rise and take their kingdom. Red String commends her. Then sends
Little P out. Oyundi sees Tel Tel's feather and calls her out which enrages Red
String who searches but can't find her. Oyundi sends Red String to search one
side, and then goes where the hiding birds are. Ochongorio accuses her of
betrayal but she says she has a plan- she is a student of the tricky Ogila
Nyakarondo, the hare. String calls offstage that he cannot find Tel Tel and
Oyundi seconds him to scorch the corner of the forest. She tells the other birds
that she has been with the hare trying to find out how to bring down the owls.

• Tel Tel falls into a trance in which she imagines the future bird kingdom.
She imagines an efficient future parliament in which Ochongorio is the speaker
and all birds have fair hearing. The party of the other birds brings Tel Tel back
to the present. Oyundi asks Tel Tel to look for the mysterious golden bead. Tel
Tel is left singing on stage by the others and only realizes their absence when
Red String springs on stage with Police Owl and she is arrested. Red String
threatens her with the dread of the chambers as the curtain falls.

ACT 3 CHARACTERS AND CHARACTERIZATION

1. Oyundi

She is a wise female fire finch who is the leader of the day birds rebelling against
the owls. Tel Tel says that she is wise enough to make Red String 'look headless'.

Willful but clever; When she learns of Money Bags plans of sending snakes to
cat the eggs of the birds, she uses ants to drive the snakes away. She however
refuses to inform Police Owl as the law requires knowing very well that Police
Owl works in tandem with the owls and would therefore thwart her mission.

0718055483 36
Cunning; When we first meet her at the grave of Arum Tidi, she realizes that
the day birds are hiding in the vicinity when she sees the feather of Tel Tel. She
sends Red String on a wild goose chase in order to save the day birds hiding
behind the bush, and who, she realizes, are in danger having been listening in
to the owls' confessions at the graveside. She organizes the theft of the
mysterious golden bead by Tel Tel with the aid of Otit Mach, the firefly, which
she later uses to force the ejection of Money bags and the ouster of Royal Owl.

Brave; She opts to join the Parliament of Owls to fight them from within. She
knows she can get backlash from other birds, and even it is dangerous for her
own life, she still goes on with the plan. She is focused on the greater goal of
liberating the Kingdom.

Treacherous and deceptive; She lies that she has not found Tel Tel, yet she is
talking to her and the other birds. She lies that she is rehearsing a poem to praise
Royal Owl at the celebration and then deliberately misdirected Red String to go
down to the forest corner to look for them there to finish her conversation with
the birds about her plans.

Keen and observant; She sees a feather from a bird a few meters from Arum
Tidi's grave. It looks like Tel Tel's feather. She calls out to Tel Tel and urges her
to come out of hiding

Focused; She sees the need to change the laws, have fair representation and
unity of purpose. She also sees the need to befriend her enemies in order to
change the status quo. She also warns Cock and Duck against getting
domesticated by man whom she sees as enslavement but they do not listen.
Eventually, they turn frail at man's hands which prove Oyundi right.

0718055483 37
2. Little

He is one of the journalists working for Birds Eye-View Television Network.

Traitorous blabbermouth; She is not ashamed to approach the day birds to seek
news from them even though they are aware that she is responsible for the
death of their friend, Arum Tidi. It is also ironic that she runs to confer with
these birds at the beginning of the Act at the graveside of one whose death she
is partly responsible for.

Cunning; When red String hears the whispers of the hiding day birds in Act III,
she throws in the red herring that it is the wind. It is also clear that she sides
with everybody in order to get gossip which she shares freely. Her role in the
play is to demonstrate that the media is not always the watchdog it is taken to
be.

3. Ochongorio

She is a female Bul Bul allied to Oyundi.

She is faltering in her hope for change; She easily despairs after Arum Tidi is
killed and it takes Osogo to keep her hopeful.

She is critical and informed; She sees through Little P's character, she criticizes
her of befriending the day birds to get information for the owls, She, for
instance, informs Socialite Owl of Arum Tidi's activities, thus indirectly leading
to his death.

4. Red String

Callous and insensible; In his propaganda campaign, he cares little what

happens to the other birds as subjects with a share in the bird kingdom. He is

0718055483 38
also insensitive in not only using Arum Tidi but also in getting him killed. His
callousness comes out clearly when he joins the other owls to party at the grace
of his latest victim.

Insincere; He pretends to mourn Arum Tidi, yet he was involved in killing him.
He addresses the gathering of night birds, He tells them to observe a minute of
silence to mourn Arum Tidi; he says it is unfortunate that they have lost a bard
working and loyal bird that gave his entire life to making the Kingdom great.

5. Iron Lady

Assertive and determined; She calls Red String drunkard and says she is the
Iron Lady and does not play around with lazy Owls like Red String. She says
she will make sure the announcement is stopped. She warns Red String against
gagging the press. Iron Lady vows they would do everything to get Red String
out of parliament. Iron Lady points to nepotism, saying that Red String has
achieved nothing singlehandedly apart from being a relative of Money Bags.
He is part of the members of parliament only by being a relative of Money Bags.

ACT 3 STYLES AND STYLISTIC DEVICES

Flashback

Flashback refers to a pause in the current story to look or examine - at events

that happened before it. A few days before the weaver massacre as Osogo was
headed home in the evening. He recalls seeing Arum Tidi and Little P in a deep
talk that they even did not notice him. Through another flashback, we also learn
that the birds were once under the oppressive rule of the lion and the other
animals. They struggled to free themselves and the present scheme of things is
the result. This makes the day birds feel doubly cheated.

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Personification; When an idea or animal is given human characteristics. All
animals in the play are given human qualities and characteristics; for example,
they can speak.

Symbolism; Symbolizing in literature refers to the use of words to draw images

that represent particular objects, events, people or even other ideas. Characters
are also symbolic both in their nature that is, the way they are introduced, and
the way they behave. Firstly, the birds broadly fall into two categories, the day
birds and the night birds. It is interesting that most day birds are grain caters
while night birds are omnivores or have certain other characteristics that make
them align themselves with the night owls. This means that most evil and
immorality happens at night; naturally, it is therefore associated with the night
birds, especially the owls. After the passing of the Moonlight Tax Bill, the owls
organized for a celebration beside Arum Tidi's grave. As the Royal Owl was
leaving, he bade Arum Tidi, now in the grave; by saying ...I am going back to
Royal Trees to rest. The Royal Trees symbolizes power and opulence, and it
also emphasizes division of class in the society.

Use of Proverbs/Wise saying; Proverb is a short, catchy saying that provides

useful life advice or expresses a well-established truth. When Onchongorio
wonders whether the Royal Owl is as ill-intentioned as his right-hand owl -
Money Bags, Osogo responds by telling her that 'birds of the same feathers stick
together This expression implies that people with the same interests, like Royal
Owl and Money Bags, will always be found together.

ACT 4 PLOT SUMMARY.

The action occurs the following evening. The birds are celebrating the wedding
of Ochongorio and Red String congratulates her on behalf of the king. Oyundi

0718055483 40
says Tel Tel is missing the action but she has herself to blame. All the birds sing
and dance to Ochongorio. Red String leaves reminding the birds to observe the
Moonlight Law. Oyundi hopes that the plan' is by now well known to all day
birds and Ochongorio assures her that she has spent the whole day talking to
them and they have confirmed attendance. We learn that a unity pact which
Royal Owl prefers calling the UPC - Unity Celebration Pact - will be signed at
dawn. Feathered Beak confirms that all rebel owls will attend, and so will the
vultures. Osogo promises to praise Royal owl with a song in the morning which
will be a wakeup call to all birds. Other birds praise Oyundi's intelligence.
Ochongorio says that after the celebration of the Unity Pact, birds shall reap the
fruits of their struggle. Oyundi agrees that they must sacrifice today for a better
tomorrow. Oyundi says Royal Owl has a big head' and a mind 'like the entire
sky in its darkness". He is inscrutable. One bird accuses Oyundi of making all
birds seem enemies of the owls and announces he is going home in order not
break the Moonlight Law.
Ochongorio says he is probably going to Money Bags and should be stopped.
Feathered Beak is dispatched to stop him.

• Iron Lady arrives to report that Straight-Eyed has crossed over. He has been
promised an appointment by Royal Owl for choosing to stand with the owls.
Oyundi says that the plan goes ahead. Feathered Owl, a trained detective, is
tasked with monitoring the Royal Trees. Oyundi alludes to the making of nests
with both grass and leaves; similarly, a strong kingdom ought to be made of
the right material. Laws must be changed, have fair representation, unity of
purpose, and then befriend the enemies. Owls hoot and trees sway and the
birds scamper away to their nests.

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ACT 3 CHARACTERS AND CHARACTERIZATION

1. Oyundi
Cunning; When her battle to liberate the day birds hits a snag. She cuts a
deal with the owls in order to effectively get rid of them. Upon her arrest,
she signs a pact with Royal Owl which sees her appointed to parliament
in order to fight the owls from within.

Wise; She explains that if they want a Kingdom in which all birds feel
comfortable, safe. And secure with a sense of belonging and identity, they
must build that Kingdom with the suitable material by having laws that
will ensure fair representation in the parliament.

Tactical; She says they should start by uniting for one purpose; then they
befriend their enemy for them to achieve a well-run Kingdom where all
the birds will be fairly represented

She is popular; The day birds praise both her courage and her wit. Also,
Money Bags knows that he cannot kill her because this would cause an
unmanageable protest. When she arrives, she is welcomed with cheers.
Even Money Bags acknowledges that her uniting the day birds and the
night birds shows she is a power to reckon with.

Good organizer; She organizes the rebellion against the owls, not only
rallying the day birds together but also convincing some rebel owls such
as Feathered Beak and Iron Lady to join them. Even the vultures which
have previously been used against the day birds find cause to join the
0718055483 42
rebellion. She outlines the duties of everybody leading to the rebellion. She
instructs Tel Tel to find the golden bead which she knows will be crucial
in convincing everyone that Royal owl has been stripped of his powers,
she instructs Osogo to rally all day birds together using his flute on the
morning of the rebellion.

2. Onchongorio
Cooperative; She helps Oyundi send the message about the plan' which
she spends a whole day spreading to all the day birds. She takes part in
the wedding' which is designed to preempt the coup against the owls. She
stands by Oyundi's side and is synonymous with the mettle it takes to
bring autocratic systems down. She serves to highlight Oyundi's
intelligence in her lack of it; severally, she questions Oyundi's actions and
its wisdom, which helps the audience understand just what Oyundi is
planning.

Crafty: She uses their marriage celebration as a time to pass across their
message of revolution against Royal Owl and the Parliament of Owls.

3. Socialite Owl

Cautious; she insists to Money Bags to be careful; in trying to bring Oyundi

onto their side as it may be detrimental to the leadership and reign of the
Owl.

Fearful; she continues that Oyundi is a cunning bird and appointing her to
the parliament of owl is worse than appointing ten vultures to guard the
grave of Arum Tidi. She may do more extensive damage to them.

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Adamant; She tells Money Bags that the last person he should see is his so-
called ally associating with is Ogila Nyakarondo. Ogila Nyakarondo is so
clever and cunning that he could trick King Lion and even tricked the
crocodile and ate all her eggs.

Inhumane; She advises Money Bags that they need to kill Oyundi to avoid
the reign of owls being destroyed by her. Money Bags assures her tha she
should not worry, as they will deal with them after the celebration.
Socialite Owl says she does not like signing a pact with Oyundi; she prefers
they kill her before it becomes morning.

4. Money Bags

Cautious; He says he is not of the idea of killing Oyundi as he feels it will

trigger an unimaginable protest among the birds, which even get out of
hand because Oyundi has a massive following among both male and
female birds.

Schemer; He plans to deal with Oyundi. He wants to hire goons who will
count anti Oyundi slogans during the ceremony, cause chaos and make
sure that she is injured, Then she should be rushed by nightingale to Royal
Trees for medical attention, but they kill her before she reaches there.

Sycophantic; Money Bags leads all the puppet owls in doing everything
for the royal Owl. King Tula. He says they need a loyalty pledge to Royal
Owl and the Parliament of Owls. That all birds should praise the owls and
worship Royal Owl, which by default they will be worshipping him.

Onomatopoeia; Onomatopoeia is one way a poet can create sounds in a

poem. An onomatopoeia is a word that actually looks like the sound it

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makes, and we can almost hear those sounds as we read. Examples of
onomatopoeia: slam, splash, bam, babble, warble, gurgle, mumble, and
belch. It is the evening after the release of Oyundi and the arrest of Tel Tel.
It has been an evening celebration. Birds are twittering from every trick
around.

Sarcasm; Sarcasm is a case where a character says something while

intending the opposite to specifically poke fun on another, especially when
the truth casts the other as foolish. Oyundi commends sarcastically, the
bird which just left is so greedy that he is ready to do anything to find
favor with Money Bags and his puppets.

Iron Lady sarcastically congratulates Money Bags for his several

appointments and Royal Owl's confidence in him. She refers to him with
the titles of his awards. EMSH - Elder of the Most Significant Hoot, OMDE
- Order of the Most Decorated Eyes. Feathered Beak enters and
sarcastically asks Money Bags if Socialite Owl and Iron Lady are fighting
over him.

Foreshadow; Foreshadowing is a literary device used to give an indication

or hint of what is to come later in the story. Foreshadowing is useful for
creating suspense, a feeling of uncase, a sense of curiosity, or a mark that
things may not be as. They seem. Socialite Owl foreshadows the fall of the
reign of owls where she warns Money Bags that if he makes a pact with
Oyundi that will surely see to the end of the leadership of owls.

ACT 5 PLOT SUMMARY

• It opens with the revelation of the division in the bird kingdom. The
owls live opulently while the other birds live in Squalor. Veteran P appears
0718055483 45
on stage, nodding to Osogo's lute. He is joined by Little P. Hooting of owls
and twittering of birds is heard. Veteran P wonders at the converging of
all day and night birds to praise Royal Owl. Little P agrees it is the end of
the conflict between birds. Little P is wary that Money Bags may accuse
Veteran P of biased or one-sided reporting, but Veteran P says he is used
to arrests. He says that Oyundi, a female day bird, is joining the parliament
due to her courage. Royal Owl will oversee the swearing in. This reveals
the intention of the gathering. Veteran P wonders at the king's change of
heart and hopes this portends a more liberal king. He outlines the
assemblage; vultures are often said to be allies of the owls - Osogo and his
flutes, murder of crows, pride of ostriches, quarrel of sparrows, a flight of
Swallows, a bank of swans, a siege of herons, eagles, flamingoes - and of
course, the owls. Also present are pigeons, nightingales (in first aid gear),
bats-even poultry is sending Cock as an emissary as they seek rebellion
from man's bondage.

• Little P laments the need to save the hens and ducks from man's
slavery remembering hen's role in banning Mongoose and Money Bags.,
Little P says that birds are wary of speaking aloud after Arum Tidi's fate,
Veteran P reports the arrival of Oyundi, Ochongorio and allies to the
cheers of other birds and that Tel Tel was arrested for treason.

• Enter the king carried by puppet owls, Money Bags with the Freedom
Flute and Socialite Owl on the catwalk. There's a standing ovation as the
national anthem is sung and many birds see Royal Owl for the first time.
He sits on the throne with the puppets behind him as Money Bags
addresses the gathering. He letters Royal Owl as birds rejoin. He welcomes
the other birds, says that the gathering of day birds and graineaters' shows
0718055483 46
that Oyundi is a 'force to reckon with and says that he and she have buried
the hatchet. He then welcomes the king to address the meeting. Aside,
Ochongorio and Osogo comment on how the owls are carried away. The
king says that safety is the fruit they have for their past struggles and that
the kingdom is growing; the birds agreed. Aside, Black and Red String
whisper at the excitement of Oyundi and how little she knows what really
awaits her; they'll feast on her tonight. The king leads the birds in singing
the freedom song. Red String and Socialite owl praise the king's voice with
the latter saying it is a 'suspicious occasion" which Red String corrects. The
king says Oyundi will be baptized before the swearing. She is baptized
Fire Finch Owl and the king says she is entering the parliament as an owl.
The king announces a reward for the capture of Tel Tel and Oyundi says
she can get her. The king promises her the seat of the Chief Whip to which
Money Bags objects. The king overrules him. Money Bags insists that
Oyundi is taking the king for a ride and he won't let her

• Oyundi counters that Money Bags is the real traitor and reveals a
secret of the king - the meaning of rolling his eyeballs clockwise while in
sleep - to the king's utter consternation. The king threatens punishment on
whoever reveals such secrets which is taboo; Oyundi interprets the secret,
then turns to the birds and reveals the meaning of Osogo's flute. The king
is furious. Oyundi reveals more secrets – including the king's conscience
over the murder of Arum Tidi - then reveals that the king is a coward.
Oyundi reveals other secrets, ostensibly only known to Money Bags - the
king has an 'irrational obsession with fireflies and a 'phobia for light. She
then claims that the king has no true disciples' otherwise there wouldn't
have a break-in at the Royal Trees. She turns to Osogo and asks him to call

0718055483 47
Tel Tel. Osogo plays his flute to the anger of the king who hates it, but
Oyundi tells him he has little choice if he still wants Tel Tel. Tel Tel
appears; birds cheer. Oyundi welcomes her to "The Flock of Birds." Royal
Owl asks Tel Tel to tell the truth if she wants to be free: she says that in the
owl kingdom, truth imprisons – it doesn't set free, Money Bags interjects
that the day birds want to shame the king. Royal Owl asks Tel Tel why he
should believe her. She says she is just a messenger. Money Bags accuses
her of betrayal but the king shuts him up. Oyundi says that Money Bags is
the traitor. The king asks her whose messenger she is, and she says the
answer lies in the bead. She says she learnt of the secret bird from Money
Bags who visited her in her cell.

• Money Bags accuses her of lying but the king silences him. Tel Tel
says the king's power lies in the bead and without it, neither the king nor
the parliament has any power - and Money Bags was coming here to be
crowned the king. The enraged king grabs Money Bags' neck. He tries to
plead but the king tightens his grip accusing him of betrayal. Tel Tel says
that Olik Tiga who is trusted by the king was working in cahoots with
Money Bags to read the king's mind. Birds, led by the vultures condemn
Money Bags who is relieved of his duties, stripped of his commendations
and titles and arrested. Police Owl leads him away in handcuffs. Fleshy
carcass requests the king to be rewarded with Money Bags but Ochongorio
intervenes; no bird should take advantage of others again.

• The king appoints Oyundi to parliament while Iron Lady is made

majority leader. Birds celebrate. Feathered Beak salutes the king saying
this...is the greatest day of my life while Red String says the king has gone
mad. Black String rises to congratulate the king with Oyundi saying, this
0718055483 48
is indeed a great day for all of us in the kingdom'. Oyundi thanks the birds.
Police Owl enters with thanks from Python - suggesting
Money Bags fate. The king orders the arrest of the bats and all conspirators
of Money Bags. Osogo plays in dedication to ...all my relatives killed in
cold blood by Money Bags and his goons". Oyundi dissolves parliament
saying it has been renamed The Flock of Birds and all birds will be
represented.

ACT 5 CHARACTERS AND CHARACTERIZATION

1. Oyundi
Cunning; When her battle to liberate the day birds hits a snag, she cuts
a deal with the owls in order to effectively get rid of them. Upon her
arrest, she signs a pact with Royal Owl which sees her appointed to
parliament in order to fight the owls from within.

She also takes over Tel Tel's job and gets the duty of simplifying the laws
to the day birds. This way, she gets on the right side of Royal Owl and uses
the chance to dethrone him. She counters Money Bags' coup d'état on her
by revealing the secrets of the king which are only known to Money Bags,
thus proving that Money Bags is a traitor.

This way, she is able to deal with Money Bags without throwing a single
stone. In the same way, she uses the king's mystery to turn tables against
him. The king uses the bead to create mystery about him saying that his
ownership of the bird justifies his rule; when he loses it, Oyundi uses the
same argument to justify the fact that the king has lost his power and
essence to rule. She is wise. Unable to get anywhere with the powerful

0718055483 49
Owls, she consults the cunning hare and this way comes up with a plan to
get rid of the owls.

Schemer; They plot with Tel Tel to be arrested so as to get proximity to the
Royal Trees to search and get the Royal Bead, which they use against the
King to remove him from power. Apologetic; Oyundi apologizes on behalf
of Ochongorio. Money Bags wants Ochongorio not to go whispering while
Royal Owl is making a speech. Money Bags accepts the apology and, in
turn, apologizes to Royal Owl

2. Osogo
Melancholic; He remains sad throughout the play which underscores
the seriousness of the struggle against the owls. His flute in the
background serves to emphasize this. He easily interprets the Owls'
intention of destroying the day birds especially the weaver birds for
their revolt. Ile sees through the owls' union with other animals as a
scheme to terrorize day birds.

Optimistic/hopeful; Despite the recent massacre of weaver birds, he

remains hopeful of change and tells Red String that change is coming
soon.

Supportive; She supports Oyundi and remains by her side, physically

and ideally until the end.
Encouraging; When Ochongorio seems to lose hope that anything can
be done about the owls, he gives comfort saying that he suffers from
chronic hope.

0718055483 50
 Symbolic; In the play, he represents the wider family of weaver bird’s
espccially those that are killed during the Weaver Massacre. This is the
first thing he talks about when we met him on stage. This is also one
major thing that controls the plot, thus it is important as an instigating
action which causes the conflict between the owls and the other birds.

3. Veteran P
Resolute and brave; We learn that he has been molested severally by
Money Bags because of his reporting but he has always persisted.

Optimistic; When Royal owl appoints Oyundi to parliament, he hopes

that this shows the king is changing. However, he is still cynical that
the king can possibly change this way.

Professional about his job; As seen at the beginning of Act V and serves
to contrast Little Pin this. Through him, the playwright shows that the
media can still play its watchdog role in society. In other words, when
some joumalists chose to take advantage of their positions, it is clearly
a personal choice; professional journalists can do otherwise.

4. Royal Owl Vengeful;

He is angered by Money Bag's revelations of his secrets to the day birds.
This has left the King exposed and weak. The King feels it is betrayal
and orders the killing of Money Bags. Cruel; he kills Money Bags for
his selfish interests because he wants his Golden Bead back. He realizes
that Money Bags could be out to oust him, and thus he was to be
eliminated.
0718055483 51
ACT 5 STYLES AND STYLISTIC DEVICES

Motif A motifs a recurring idea created by recurring events or ideas

which create a pattern that points to an idea that isn't mentioned,
especially one that emphasizes on the symbolic importance of the said
idea or event. It is revealed that Osogo sends secret messages through
the playing of the flute. This also comes out when he uses it to call out
Tel Tel. This way, the playing of the flute becomes an important motif
which symbolizes the evils of the owls, especially when we remember
the Weaver massacre, and gives hope for the day birds. Osogo's flute
specifically plays various key roles.

Soliloquy This is an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by one,

especially by a character in a play to reveal his thoughts to the audience.
Money Bags is seen strolling the grounds of parliament 'talking to
himself and having a different kind of dream. In this makebelieve
dream, he wishes he were a falcon so he can fly high and peck at the
clouds and scatter nectar

Symbolism is a literary device that uses symbols, be they words,

people, marks. locations, or abstract ideas to represent something
beyond the literal meaning. In Act V, Royal Owl enters carried by the
three Puppet Owls. He is on a makeshift carrier and carries a freedom
flute, the symbol of unity. He then sits "on his throne'. Here, the carrier,
the throne, and the Freedom Flute are symbols of power. Later, we
learn that the golden bird is used in the same way. When the king loses

0718055483 52
it. He loses the power to rule. Socialite Owl is symbolic of vanity both
in name and in the way she behaves. She is concerned with her looks
and her make-up, without which she says she feels 'naked'. This also
suggests the owls masking of themselves so that their real selves are
not seen.
Suspense The definition of suspense in literature is the tension that
keeps our attention between one moment and another. The day of
unification dawns but it appears that each group has something up its
sleeve. The owls plan to hoodwink Oyundi then feast on her. Oyundi
on the hand seems to have her own plan. Ail the same, this is the day
of reckoning. Suspense is heightened since, at this stage, the audience
doesn't know the direction the action on stage will take.

Use of a Song There is the use of a song; the birds sing their song of
freedom, "we the birds, we fly so high..

Irony; Irony is a literary device in which what appears true is the

antithesis of what is actually true. A character may say something while
intending the direct opposite; a character may do something with a
specific expected result but get the direct opposite of that expectation.

Money Bags arrives at the crowning ceremony to celebrate the

crushing of his enemies but it is him who is crushed. He believes that
he has duped both the king and Oyundi so that he sees the celebration
of the unity of the birds as his own victory. However, the tables are
turned on him. Also, he keeps Python as the executioner to intimidate

0718055483 53
and get rid of his enemies. In the very end, he himself is taken to
Python.

Royal Owl arrives in parliament to celebrate the crushing of his

enemies, the last of whom is crowned an owl and is to be feasted on
tonight'. However, the king ends up losing the little power and control
he has. In the same way, all the owls come to celebrate their finally
dealing with dissent, but they end up on the' receiving end.

It is ironic that Oyundi is allowed or accepted into the parliament as an

owl when he is baptized Fire Finch Owl. That essentially makes the
owls planning to eat her cannibals they intend to eat one of their own.
Personification when an idea or animal is given human characteristics.
All animals in the play are given human qualities and characteristics;
for example, they can speak.

0718055483 54
 REVISION ESSAYS

1. With reference to Parliament of owls by Adipo Sidang' write a

comprehensive essay on the elements of drama. (20 mks).

2. Discuss how Adipo Sidang’ has addressed oppression in the play

‘Parliament of Owls’. (20 mks).

3. Choices have consequences. With relevant examples from Sidang’s

Parliament of Owls, discuss the validity of this statement. (20 marks)

4. Bad politics leads to bad life. Using Parliament of Owls, write an

essay to show the truth of this statement. (20 mks).

5. Misuse of power is a common phenomenon in most African

countries. Validate this statement basing your arguments on the play
“Parliament of Owls” (20 mks).

6. Drawing illustrations from the play Parliament of owls by Adipo

Sidang, write an essay to illustrate the saying, "what goes around
comes around." (20mks)

7. "Justice can only be achieved through honesty and determination."

Drawing illustrations from the play Parliament of Owls' by Adipo
Sidang, write an essay to justify this statement. (20 marks)

8. "Greed leads to suffering." With illustrations from the play

Parliament of Owls by Adipo Sidang, write an essay to validate this
statement. (20mks).
0718055483 55
9. "Leadership in African countries is riddled with hypocrisy."
Drawing illustrations from the play Parliament of Owls' by Adipo
Sidang write an essay to support this statement. (20 marks).

10."Women play an important role in the politics of a nation." Drawing

illustrations from the play Parliament of Owls' by Adipo Sidang,
write an essay to validate this statement (20marks).

11. It takes sacrifice to achieve success. Basing your illustrations from

Adipo Sidang’s parliament of owls, write an essay validate this
statement. (20 marks)
12. Humor is a basic component in the play. Validate this statement
basing urgument on the play parliament of by Adipo Sidang(20 marks)

13. ‘Women and people from minority groups can rise against all odds
to bring change without necessary being involve in violence.’ Basing
your arguments on Parliament of Owls by Adipo Sidang’, write an essay
to support this statement. (20 mks)

14. In most African countries, misuse of authority is a wide spread

occurrence. Validate this statement by focusing your argument on
(Adipo Sidang’s) play ‘Parliament of owls’. (20 marks)

15. Bad governance can lead to the downfall of a government. Write

an essay to support this statement citing illustrations from Adipo
Sidang's play Parliament of Owls.

16. Suffering of citizens is as a result of heartless and incompetent

leaders we elect. Write an essay to support this statement citing
illustrations from Adipo Sidang's play Parliament of Owls.

0718055483 56
17. Many Leaders will use Betrayal to ensure they remain in power.
Using the characters in The Parliament of Owls’, discuss the validity of
the above statement. (20marks)

18. Nepotism, Political Sycophancy and Intolerance are vices in our

society today. Write an essay in support of this claim basing your
illustrations on Adipo Sidang’s Parliament of Owls.

19. "Many African leaders wallow in Hypocrisy and Pretense to

satisfy their selfish interests . Write an essay in support of this claim
basing your illustrations on Adipo Sidang’s Parliament of Owls.
20. Disloyalties and unfairness leads to collapse. Using illustrations
from Adipo Sidang’s Parliament of owls, write a composition to show
the truth of this assertion.

0718055483 57
0718055483 / 0791801250

OTHER AVAILABLE RESOURCES

ENGLISH KISWAHILI
STUDY GUIDES MWONGOZO
• THE SAMARITAN • NGUU ZA JADI
• PARLIAMENT OF OWLS • MAPAMBAZUKO YA MACHWEO
• SILENT SONG & OTHER STORIES • BEMBEA YA MAISHA
• ARTIST OF THE FLOATING WORLD
• FATHERS OF NATIONS
ESSAYS AND ANSWERS DONDOO NA MAJIBU
• THE SAMARITAN • NGUU ZA JADI
• PARLIAMENT OF OWLS • MAPAMBAZUKO YA MACHWEO
• SILENT SONG & OTHER STORIES • BEMBEA YA MAISHA
• ARTIST OF THE FLOATING WORLD
FATHERS OF NATIONS

EXCERPTS AND ANSWERS MASWALI YA KUJADILI NA MAJIBU

• NGUU ZA JADI
• THE SAMARITAN • MAPAMBAZUKO YA MACHWEO
• FATHERS OF NATIONS • BEMBEA YA MAISHA

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