Solution

I TERM EXAM

Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(b) one point only
Explanation:
one point only

2.
(c) 0
Explanation:
Sum of zeroes of the quadratic equation
ax2 + bx + c = 0 is
−b

Sum of zeroes of x2 - 1 = x2 + 0x - 1 = 0 is
−0
∴
1
=0
∴ α + β =0

3.
(d) 33

Explanation:
We have, 36x + 24y = 702
and 24x + 36y = 558
Simplifying above equations, we get
6x + 4y = 117 ...(i)
and 4x + 6y = 93 ...(ii)
Multiplying (i) by 3, (ii) by -2 and then adding, we get
18x + 12y - 8x - 12y = 351 -186
⇒ 10x = 165⇒ x = =
165 33

10 2

4.
(b) 31500
Explanation:
Number of TV produced in 6th year = 8000
⇒ a6 = 8000 ⇒ a + 5d = 8000 ...(i)

Also, number of TV produced in 9th year = 11300

⇒ a9 = 11300 ⇒ a + 8d = 11300 ...(ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get
3d = 3300 ⇒ d = 1100
From (i), a = 2500
∴ Production in 6 years, i.e.,

S6 = [2(2500) + (6 - 1)(1100)] = 31500

6

5. (a) 13 and 14
Explanation:
Let the one number be x. As the sum of numbers is 27, then the other number will be (27 - x)
According to question
x(27 - x) = 182
⇒ 27x - x2 = 182

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 ⇒ x2 - 27x + 182 = 0
⇒ x2 - 14x - 13x + 182 = 0
⇒ x(x - 14) -13(x - 14) = 0

⇒ (x - 13)(x - 14) = 0
⇒ x - 13 = 0 and x - 14 = 0

x = 13 and x = 14
Now, the other number = 27 - 13 = 14 and 27 - 14 = 13
Therefore the required two numbers are 13 and 14.
6.
(c) 378 sq. cm
Explanation:
Here Side of square ABCD = AB = 3 × diameter of circular design
⇒ AB = 3 × (2 × 7) = 42 cm

∴ Area of square = 42 × 42 = 1764 cm2

22
And Area of one circular design = πr = 2

7
× 7 × 7 = 154 sq. cm
∴ Area of 9 circular designs = 154​​× 9 = 1386 sq. cm
∴ Area of remaining portion of handkerchief= 1764 - 1386 = 378 sq. cm

7.
(d) 30 m
Explanation:
Let AB be the observer and CD =h metres be the tower.
BE = AC = 28.5 m.
From right △BED, we have
DE

BE
= tan 45o ⇒ DE

28.5m
=1
⇒ De = 28.5 m
∴ h - 1.5 = 28.5 ⇒ h = 30.

8.
(d) (0, 3)
Explanation:
P is a point on x-axis and its distance from 0 is 3
Co-ordinates of P will be (3, 0)
Q is a point on OY such that OP = OQ
Co-ordinates of Q will be (0, 3)

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 9.
(b) 27 feet
Explanation:
Let AB be the height of tree which casts a shadow
AC = 18 feet and ED be the height of child which casts a shadow CD = 2 feet.
Now, in △ABC and △DEC, we have
∠ A = ∠ D [Each 90o]
∠ C = ∠ C [Common]

∴ △ ABC ~ △DEC [By AA similarity]

⇒
AB

DE
= AC

DC

⇒
AB

3
= 18

⇒ AB = 27 feet
So, the height of tree is 27 feet.

10.
(c) pq
Explanation:
Two positive integers are expressed as follows:
a = pq2
b = p3q
p and q are prime numbers.
Then, taking the smallest powers of p and q in the values for a and b we get
HCF (a, b) = pq

11.
(d) 30o
Explanation:
√3
Cos A = 2

Cos A = Cos 30o

A = 30o

12.
(d) 110o
Explanation:
110o

13.
(c) x2 + 5x + 6
Explanation:
The quadratic polynomial when the sum of zeros and product of zeros is given:
=x2 - (sum of zeros)x + product of zeros

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 = x2 - (-5)x + 6
=x2 + 5x + 6

14.
(b) 51 years
Explanation:
Let the year in which Sam was born be x and the year in which Sam's grandfather was born be y.
2002−y
Then, according to question, 2002 - x = 2

⇒ 2x - y = 2002 ...(i)
and x + y = 3854 ....(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get ⇒ x = 1952
Thus in 2003, Sam's age would be 2003 - 1952 = 51 yrs

15.
(c) 5
Explanation:
In two A.P's common-difference is same
Let A and a are two A.P.'s
First term of A is 8 and first term of a is 3
A30 − a30 = 8 + (30 − 1)d − 3 − (30 − 1)d

= 5 + 29d - 29d = 5

16.
(c) 2m
Explanation:
Let the width of the path be x meter
∴ Area of path = Area of ABCD - Area of PQRS

⇒ 120 = (16 + 2x)(10 + 2x) - 16 × 10

⇒ 120 = 160 + 32x + 20x + 4x2 -160

⇒ 4x2 + 52x - 120 = 0
⇒ x2 + 13x - 30 = 0
⇒ x2 + 15x - 2x - 30 = 0
⇒ x(x + 15) - 2(x + 15) = 0

⇒ (x + 15)(x - 2) = 0

⇒ x + 15 = 0 and x - 2 = 0
⇒ x = -15 and x = 2 ... [x = -15 is not possible]

Therefore, the width of the path is 2 m.

17.
2π
(c) 3
cm
Explanation:
Given that, θ = 30o and r = 4 cm
Length of an arc = θ
(2πr)
360
∘

∘
30
= ∘
× 2π × 4
360
2π×4
=
12

∴ Length of an arc = 2π

18.
(c) 50 m
Explanation:

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 Given that: height of cliff is 25 m and angle of elevation of the tower is equal to angle of depression of foot of the tower that is
θ.

Now, the given situation can be represented as,

Here, D is the top of cliff and BE is the tower.

Let CE = h, AB = x. Then, AB = DC = x
Here, we have to find the height of the tower BE.
So, we use trigonometric ratios.
In a triangle ABD,
AD
⇒ tan θ =
AB
25
⇒ tan θ =
x
(1)
Again in a triangle DCE,
tan θ = CE

CD
h
⇒ tan θ =
x

⇒
25

x
=
h

x
[Using (1)]
⇒ h = 25
Thus, height of the tower = BE = BC + CE = (25 + 25) m = 50 m

19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Image of points of type (0, k) is (0, –k) only.
20.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Two similar triangles of equal area are always congruent.

Section B
21. It can be observed that Ravi takes lesser time than Sonia for completing 1 round of the circular path. As they are going in the same
direction, they will meet again at the same time when Ravi will have completed 1 round of that circular path with respect to Sonia.
And the total time taken for completing this 1 round of circular path will be the LCM of time taken by Sonia and Ravi for
completing 1 round of circular path respectively i.e., LCM of 18 minutes and 12 minutes.
18 = 2 × 3 × 3 And, 12 = 2 × 2 × 3
LCM of 12 and 18 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 36
Therefore, Ravi and Sonia will meet together at the starting point after 36 minutes.
OR
Let p(x) = (x − 1)(x − 2)
and q(x) = (x − 2)(x − 7)
∴ LCM = (x − 1)(x − 2)(x − 7)

22. LHS = +
tan A

2
cot A

2
2 2
(1+ tan A) (1+ cot A)

tan A cot A
= +
2 2
2 2
(sec A) ( cose c A)

. cos4 A + . sin4 A
sin A cos A
=
cos A sin A

= sin A cos3 A + cos A sin3 A

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 = cos A sin A (cos2 A + sin2 A)
= sin A cos A = RHS
OR
15
Given cot θ = 8

(2+2 sin θ)(1−sin θ)

To evaluate:
(1+cos θ)(2−2 cos θ)

2(1+sin θ)(1−sin θ)
=
2(1+cos θ)(1−cos θ)

2
(1− sin θ) 2
cos θ 2
= = = cot θ
2 2
(1− cos θ) sin θ

2
2 15 225
= (cot θ) = ( ) =
8 64

Hence, the value of the given expression is 225

64
.

23.

Given: PQ and PR are the tangents to a circle and the value of ∠ QOP = 70o
Here ∠ PQO = 90o as PQ is the tangent of the given circle.
In the triangle POQ
∠QPO + ∠ QOP + ∠ PQO = 180o
Put the values in the above equation
∠ QPO + 70 + 90 = 180o
The value of ∠ QPO = 180 - (70 + 90) = 20o
The value of ∠ QPR = 2 × ∠ QPO
Put the value of ∠ QPO
Therefore the value of ∠ QPR is 40o in the given circle.
24. α ,β are zeros of ax2+bx+c
b c
Then α+β= − a
and αβ= a

α2β + αβ2
= αβ (α + β)
c −b
= ( )
a a

−bc
=
2
.
a

25. Let the present age of Aftab and his daughter be x and y years respectively. Then, the pair of linear equations that represent the
situation is
x - 7 = 7(y - 7), i.e., x - 7y + 42 = 0 ...(1)
and x + 3 = 3(y + 3), i.e., x - 3y = 6 ...(2)
from equation (2), we get x = 3y + 6
By putting this value of x in equation (1), we get
(3y + 6) -7y + 42 = 0,
i.e., -4y = -48, which gives y = 12
Again by putting this value of y in equation (2), we get
x = 3 × 12 + 6 = 42
So, the present age of Aftab and his daughter are 42 and 12 years respectively.
Section C
26. Given , S = 5n − 3n n
2

Now, a n = Sn − Sn−1

2 2
= 5n − 3n − [5(n − 1) − 3(n − 1)]

⇒ an = 10n − 8 ............ (i)

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 Clearly, a = 10 × 16 − 8 = 152
16

Now, for finding AP, put n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ... in Eq(i).

So, from Eq(i), we have
a1 = 2

a2 = 12

a3 = 22

Hence, The AP is 2,12, 22....

Aliter:
2
a1 = s1 = 5(1) − 3(1) = 2

2 2
a2 = s2 − s1 = [5(2) − 3(2)] − [5(1) − 3(1)] = 12

d = a2 − a1 = 12 − 2 = 10

∴ AP is 2,12,22...
16th term is :
a16 = 2 + 15 × 10 = 152

OR
A.P. is given as: 25, 22, 19, ....
Sum of first n(say) terms = 116
Here a = 25 and d = 22 - 25 = 3
But Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
n

n
⇒ 116 = 2
[25 × 2 + (n − 1)(−3)]

232 = n(50 - 3n + 3) ⇒ 232 = (53 - 3n)n

⇒ 232 = 53n - 3n2 ⇒ 3n2 - 53n + 232 = 0
⇒ 3n2 - 24n - 29n + 232 = 0
⎧ ∵ 232 × 3 = 696
⎪

⎨ ∴ 696 = −24 × (−29)

⎩
⎪
−53 = −24 − 29

⇒ 3n(n - 8) - 29(n - 8) = 0
⇒ (n - 8)(3n - 29) = 0

Either n - 8 = 0, then n = 8
or 3n - 29 = 0 then 3n = 29 ⇒ n = 29

Which is not possible being a fraction

∴ Number of terms = 8
Now l = a8 = a + (n - 1)d = 25 + (8 - 1) × (-3)
= 25 + 7(-3) = 25 - 21 = 4
∴ Last term = 4

27. Let the bookseller bought total 'x' books for ₹ 1760
1760
Hence, cost of one book = ₹ x

If he had bought 4 more books i.e. total (x + 4) books for ₹ 1760

⇒ cost of (x + 4) books = ₹ 1760.
1760
∴ cost of one book = ₹ (x+4)

According to the question ;

= 22 (Since, new price is ₹ 22 less than the old price)
1760 1760
−
x (x+4)

(x+4)−x
1 1 22 1
⇒ − = ⇒ =
x (x+4) 1760 x(x+4) 80

⇒
4
=
1
⇒ x2 + 4x = 320
(x2 +4x) 80

⇒ x2 + 4x - 320 = 0 ⇒ x2 + 20x - 16x - 320 = 0

⇒ x(x + 20) - 16(x + 20) = 0 ⇒ (x + 20) (x - 16) = 0

⇒ x + 20 = 0 or x - 16 = 0 ⇒ x = -20 or x = 16

⇒ x = 16 [∵ number of books cannot be negative]

Hence, the bookseller bought 16 books.

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28.

Let AB be the chord of circle of centre O and radius = 30

such that ∠AOB = 60 ∘

Area of the sector OACBO

2
πr θ 2
= cm
360

60 2
= (3.14 × 30 × 30 × ) cm
360

= 471 cm2
1
Area of △OAB= 2
2
r sin θ

1 ∘ 2
= ( × 30 × 30 × sin 60 ) cm
2

1 √3
2
= ( × 30 × 30 × ) cm
2 2

– 2
= (225√3)cm

2
= (225 × 1.73)cm

= 389.25 cm2
Area of the minor segment ACBA
= (area of the sector OACBO) - (area of the △OAB)
= (471 - 389.25) cm2
= 81.75 cm2
Area of the major segment BADB
= (area of circle) - (area of the minor segment)
2
= [(3.14 × 30 × 30) − 81.75)]cm

= 2744.25 cm2
29. Let the height of the balloon at P be h meters (see Fig).
Let A and B be the two cars.
Thus AB = 100 m. From ∆PAQ, AQ = PQ = h

PQ
Now from ΔPBQ, BQ
= tan 60
∘

h –
or h−100
= √3

–
or h = √3(h − 100)
100√3 –
Therefore, h = = 50(3 + √3)
√3−1
–
i.e, Height of the balloon is 50(3 + √3)m
30. The distance d between two point (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is given by the formula
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
d = √(x1 − x2 ) + (y1 − y2 )

Here it is given that one end of a line segment has co-ordinates (2, -3). The abscissa of the other end of the line segment is given
to be 10. Let the ordinate of this point be 'y'.
So, the co-ordinates of the other end of the line segment is (10, y).
The distance between these two points is given to be 10 units.

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 Substituting these values in the formula for distance between two points we have,
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
2 2
d = √(2 − 10) + (−3 − y )
−−−− − −− −−−−−−−−
2 2
10 = √(−8) + (−3 − y )

Squaring on both sides of the equation we have,

100 = (-8)2 + (-3 - y)2
100 = 64 + 9 + y2 + 6y
27 = y2 + 6y
We have a quadratic equation for 'y'. Solving for the roots of this equation we have,
y2 + 6y - 27 = 0
y2 + 9y - 3y - 27 = 0
y(y + 9) - 3(y + 9) = 0
(y + 9) (y - 3) = 0
The roots of the above equation are '-9' and '3'
Thus the ordinates of the order end of the line segment could be -9 or 3.
OR
i. The positions of the four friends are A = (3,4), B = (6,7) and C = (9,4), D = (6,1)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−− −−−−− –
ii. ⇒ AB = √(6 − 3)
2 2
+ (7 − 4) = √(3)2 + (3)2 = 3√2
−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−−−−− − –
2 2
⇒ BC = √(9 − 6) + (4 − 7) = √(3)2 + (−3)2 = 3√2
−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−−−−−− − –
2 2 √(−3)2 + (−3)2 = 3√2
⇒ CD = √(6 − 9) + (1 − 4) =
−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−−−−− − –
2 2
⇒ AD = √(6 − 3) + (1 − 4) = √(3)2 + (−3)2 = 3√2

iii. As all the sides are equal the ABCD is square. Jarina is correct.
31. We have

AD = 5.7 cm, BD = 9.5 cm, AE = 3.3 cm and EC = 5.5 cm.

AD 5.7
Now, BD
=
9.5
57
=
95
AD 3
⇒ =
BD 5
AE 3.3 33
And, EC
=
5.5
=
5.5

AE 3
⇒ =
EC 5

Thus, DE divides sides AB and AC of △ABC in the same ratio.

Therefore, by the converse of basic proportionality theorem,
We have,
DE || BC.
Section D
32. The number of physics books is 192, the number of chemistry books is 240 and the number of mathematics books is 168.
Here, we have to find the HCF of 192, 240 and 168 because the HCF will be the largest number which divides 192, 240 and 168
exactly.
192 = 26× 3
240 = 24× 3× 5
168 = 23× 3× 7
Now, the HCF of 192, 240 and 168 is = 23× 3 = 24
There must be 24 books in each stack

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 ∴ Number of stacks of physics books = 192

24
= 8

240
And number of stacks of chemistry books = 24
= 10

168
And number of stacks of mathematics books = 24
= 7

OR
a
Suppose that –
√p + √q is a rational number equal to b
, where a and b are integers having no common factor.
Now, –
√p + √q =
a

–
⇒ √p =
a

b
− √q (squaring both side)
2
– 2 a
⇒ (√p) = ( − √q)
b

2
a a
⇒ p = − 2( ) √q + q
2 b
b
2
a a
⇒ 2( ) √q = + q − p
b 2
b
2 2
a a + b (q−p)
⇒ 2 √q =
b 2
b
2 2
a + b (q−p)
⇒ √q =
2ab

⇒ √q is a rational number. (because sum of two rational numbers is always rational)

This is a contradiction as √q is an irrational number.
Hence, √–
p + √q is an irrational number.

33. sec 2
θ = (x +
1

4x
) = x
2
+
1

2
+
1

2
16x

2 2 2 1 1
∴ tan θ = sec θ− 1 = x + −
2 2
16x
2
2 1
⇒ tan θ = (x − )
4x

⇒ tan θ = (x −
4x
1
) or (
1

4x
− x)

Hence sec θ + tan θ = 2x or 1

2x

34. In the given figure,

OP = 2r ( given )
and ∠OT P = 90° (Radius is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact)
Now In △OT P
OT R
sin ∠OP T = OP
=
2R
=
1

⇒ ∠OP T = 30°
Therefore ∠T OP = 60°
In △OT S
OT = OS (both are radii of same circle)
Therefore △OT S is an isosceles triangle.
∠OT S = ∠OST ( angles oppposite to equal sides of an isosceles triangle are equal)

In △OT Q and △OSQ

OS = OT ( radii of same circle)
OQ = OQ ( common )
∠OT Q = ∠OSQ (angles opposite to equal sides of an isosceles triangle are equal)

Therefore △OT Q ≅ △OSQ

∠T OQ = ∠SOQ ( ( by C.A.C.T )

∠T OS = 120°

⇒ ∠OT S + ∠OST = 180° - 120 =° 60°

∴ ∠OT S = ∠OST = 60°/ 2 =30°
Hence proved.
35. Zeroes are -2, -3
factors are (x + 2), (x + 3)
g(x) = (x + 2) (x + 3) = x2 + 5x + 6
4 3 2
x x x x
= x2 - 3x + 2
+2 −7 −8 +12

2
x +5 +6x

x2 - 3x + 2 = (x - 2)(x - 1)
Other zeroes are 2, 1

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 OR
According to the question, α and β are zeroes of p(x) = 6x2 - 5x + k
−5
So, Sum of zeroes = α + β = − ( 6
) =
5

6
.......(i)
α − β =
1

6
(Given) ..........(ii)
Adding equations (i) and (ii) , we get
2α = 1

or, α = 1

On putting the value of α in equation (ii), we get

1 1
− β =
2 6
1 1
β = −
2 6
2 1
β = =
6 3
k 1 1 1
∴ αβ = = × =
6 2 3 6

Hence, k = 1
Section E
36. i. Mentions that the y-axis represents distance with or without units (in 1,000 nm) and the x-axis represents the number of days
ii. Accept any number between 8000 and 9000 with or without units nm.
iii. No, a distance-time graph cannot be related to a route map.
iv. The relation between speed, time and distance
The cargo ships' speeds differ in the two routes.
The westbound cargo ships sail at greater speed.
The ocean current helps westbound ships to travel faster.
37. i. 8 coins
ii. Money in the piggy bank day wise 5, 10, 15, 20 ...
Money after 8 days = ₹ 180
iii. a. We can have at most 120 coins.
n
[2(1) + (n − 1)1] = 120
2

2
n + n − 240 = 0

Solving for n, we get, n = 15 as n ≠ -16

∴Number of days = 15
OR
b. Total money saved = 120 × 5 = ₹ 600
38. i. Length of flower bed = x m
Length of grassland = 2x + 3
Total length of field = length of grassland + length of flower bed =(2x + 3) + x
= (3x + 3) m
ii. Perimeter of whole figure = 2(l + b)
= 2(3x + 3 + x)
= 2(4x + 3)
= (8x + 6)m
iii. A = (3x + 3)x
1260 = 3x2 + 3x
420 = x2 + x
x2 + x - 420 = 0
(x + 21) (x - 20) = 0
They x = 20 is only possible value.
OR
Area of grassland = l × b
= 43 × 20
= 860 m2
Area of flowerbed = (side)2

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= (20)2
= 400 m2

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