AP UNITED STATES HISTORY

CRASH COURSE
PERIODS 3–8 · EVERYTHING YOU NEED · ZERO FLUFF

⚠ Exam Tomorrow at 8:00 AM — Study Smart

Periods Timeline Presidents Themes MCQ Tips Writing

Period Summaries

PERIOD 3 · 1754–1800

Revolution & The New Republic

Big Idea: Britain's tightening control after the French & Indian War
sparked colonial resistance, revolution, and the messy task of building
a new government from scratch.

1754 French & Indian War begins — Britain wins but is broke.
Colonists now feel capable of self-defense. Sets up every tax
conflict that follows.

1765 Stamp Act — First direct tax on colonists. "No taxation

without representation" becomes the rallying cry. Leads to
Sons of Liberty.
 1770 Boston Massacre — 5 colonists killed. Crispus Attucks (Black
man) among dead. Propaganda tool by Patriots.

1776 Declaration of Independence — Jefferson's Enlightenment

language: natural rights, social contract. Also a diplomatic
document to get French help.

1781 Articles of Confederation — America's first government. Too

weak: no tax power, no executive, can't regulate commerce.

1786 Shays' Rebellion — Debt-ridden farmers revolt in

Massachusetts. Proves Articles are broken → leads to
Constitutional Convention.

1787 Constitutional Convention — Created a stronger central

government. Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists. 3/5 Compromise,
Great Compromise.

1798 Alien & Sedition Acts — Adams restricts immigration and

speech. Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions (Jefferson/Madison)
push back → states' rights debate begins.

P3 THEME TO REMEMBER

The Revolution was about MORE than taxes — it was about ideas of liberty,
representation, and who gets to be a citizen (hint: not women, enslaved
people, or the poor yet).

PERIOD 4 · 1800–1848

Democracy, Expansion & Market

Revolution
Big Idea: America expands geographically and economically.
Democracy widens (for white men). Slavery spreads west. Reform
movements emerge. Tensions build.

1803 Louisiana Purchase — Jefferson doubles U.S. size for $15M.

Questions Native land rights and stretches Constitution
(implied powers).

1812 War of 1812 — Called the "Second War of Independence."

Sparks nationalism. Kills Federalist Party. Tecumseh's alliance
with Britain fails.

1820 Missouri Compromise — Missouri = slave, Maine = free. 36°30'

line divides future territories. TEMPORARY fix to slavery
expansion.

1823 Monroe Doctrine — Europe stay out of Western Hemisphere.

Sets up U.S. as hemisphere's protector. Used for over 100
years.

1824–28 Rise of Jacksonian Democracy — Property requirements

removed for white men. "Common man" politics. Jackson wins
1828 after "corrupt bargain" of 1824.

1830 Indian Removal Act — Cherokees forced west despite

Supreme Court (Worcester v. Georgia). Jackson ignores ruling.
Trail of Tears follows.

1831 Nat Turner's Rebellion — Largest slave revolt in U.S. history.

South responds with harsher slave codes.

1836–48 Manifest Destiny — Texas annexation (1845), Oregon (1846),

Mexican-American War (1846–48). U.S. reaches Pacific.

1848 Seneca Falls Convention — Elizabeth Cady Stanton demands

women's rights. Declaration of Sentiments mirrors Declaration
of Independence intentionally.
 P4 THEME

The Market Revolution (canals, railroads, factories) transformed the North

into a wage-labor industrial economy while the South doubled down on
slave-based agriculture. This economic split = future Civil War.

PERIOD 5 · 1844–1877

Civil War & Reconstruction

Big Idea: Slavery tears the nation apart. The Civil War preserves the
Union and ends slavery. Reconstruction attempts to reintegrate the
South and define Black citizenship — and largely fails.

1848 Wilmot Proviso (fails) — Attempt to ban slavery from Mexican

Cession. North vs. South debate explodes into Congress.

1850 Compromise of 1850 — California = free, stricter Fugitive

Slave Act. North furious about Fugitive Slave part.

1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act — Popular sovereignty replaces

Missouri Compromise line. "Bleeding Kansas" follows.
Republican Party born in response.

1857 Dred Scott v. Sandford — Supreme Court: Black people = not

citizens, Congress can't ban slavery in territories. Inflames
North massively.

1860 Lincoln elected — Doesn't even appear on Southern ballots.

South Carolina secedes immediately. Confederacy forms.

1863 Emancipation Proclamation — Only frees slaves in rebel

states. Military/diplomatic strategy. Adds moral dimension to
the war.
 1865 13th Amendment — Slavery abolished. Lincoln assassinated.
Johnson becomes president. Reconstruction begins.

1865–77 Reconstruction — 14th (citizenship), 15th (Black male vote)

Amendments. Freedmen's Bureau. Radical Republicans vs.
Johnson. Black men hold office briefly.

1877 Compromise of 1877 — Hayes becomes president. Federal

troops leave South. Reconstruction ends. Jim Crow begins.

P5 THEME

Reconstruction FAILED not because of Black Americans but because of

white Southern resistance (KKK), Northern fatigue, and Supreme Court
decisions gutting the 14th Amendment. Remember this for SAQ/LEQ.

PERIOD 6 · 1865–1898

Gilded Age: Industrialization &

Inequalit y
Big Idea: America industrializes at lightning speed. Corporations
dominate. Workers fight back. The West is "settled" (violently).
Immigration surges. Inequality explodes.

1869 Transcontinental Railroad complete — Chinese immigrants

(Central Pacific), Irish (Union Pacific). Links nation
economically. Devastates Native buffalo herds.

1876 Battle of Little Bighorn — Sioux defeat Custer. Short-term

victory. Leads to brutal federal crackdown on Plains Indians.
 1877 Great Railroad Strike — First major national labor strike. 100+
workers killed. Shows labor-capital tension.

1879 Dawes Act (1887) — Breaks up tribal land into individual plots.
"Americanizes" Native people. Destroys tribal culture & land
base.

1886 Haymarket Affair — Labor rally bomb kills police. Unions

blamed. Setback for labor movement.

1887 Interstate Commerce Act — First federal attempt to regulate

railroads. Weak but precedent-setting.

1890 Sherman Antitrust Act — Targets monopolies. Rarely

enforced at first. Used more against unions than corporations
initially.

1890 Wounded Knee Massacre — 250+ Sioux killed by U.S. Army.

End of organized Native resistance on Plains.

1892 Homestead Strike — Carnegie Steel workers vs. Pinkertons.

Workers lose. Destroys steelworkers' union for 40 years.

1896 Plessy v. Ferguson — "Separate but equal" = constitutional.

Legalizes Jim Crow nationwide.

P6 THEME

Know the ROBBER BARONS: Carnegie (steel), Rockefeller (oil, Standard Oil),
JP Morgan (finance), Vanderbilt (railroads). Their monopolistic practices
sparked government regulation AND the Progressive movement.

PERIOD 7 · 1890–1945
Progressivism, W WI, Depression & W WII
Big Idea: Government grows to fix industrial capitalism's problems.
America becomes a global power. The Depression reshapes the role of
government forever. WWII makes America a superpower.

1898 Spanish-American War — U.S. gets Cuba (protectorate),

Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines. Imperial turn begins.

1901–09 TR's Square Deal — Busts trusts, conserves land, regulates

food (Pure Food & Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act). Expands
federal power.

1913 16th & 17th Amendments — Federal income tax, direct

election of senators. Both Progressive era achievements.

1917 U.S. enters WWI — Zimmermann Telegram + unrestricted

submarine warfare. Espionage Act silences critics. Schenck v.
US (free speech limits).

1919 Post-WWI crises — Red Scare #1, race riots (Red Summer),
Senate rejects League of Nations. Wilson's idealism collapses.

1920 19th Amendment — Women's suffrage. Culmination of 70-

year suffrage movement.

1920s Roaring Twenties — Jazz Age, flappers, Harlem Renaissance,

mass consumerism, KKK revival, prohibition, immigration
restrictions (1924 act).

1929 Stock Market Crash — Causes: overproduction, buying on

margin, bank failures, Smoot-Hawley Tariff. Depression follows.

1933–38 New Deal — FDR's response: relief, recovery, reform. CCC,

FDIC, Social Security, Wagner Act. Shifts Dems to become
party of big government.
 1941 Pearl Harbor → WWII — U.S. enters war. Japanese American
internment (Korematsu v. US). Women & Black workers fill
factories. Double V campaign.

1945 Atomic bombs on Japan — Hiroshima & Nagasaki. War ends.

U.S. sole nuclear power. Cold War begins immediately.

P7 THEME

The New Deal PERMANENTLY expanded federal government's role in the

economy and daily life. Social Security still exists. This is the single biggest
shift in American governance since the Constitution.

PERIOD 8 · 1945–1980

Cold War , Civil Rights & Social

Upheaval
Big Idea: America fights communism abroad while battling inequality
at home. The 1960s-70s bring massive social upheaval. Government
grows then faces backlash.

1947 Truman Doctrine & Marshall Plan — Contain communism

militarily + rebuild Europe economically. Cold War strategy
defined.

1950–53 Korean War — "Forgotten War." First hot conflict of Cold War.
Ends in stalemate. 38th parallel same as before.

1950–54 McCarthyism — Senator McCarthy accuses hundreds of

communism. Red Scare #2. Chills free speech. Army-
McCarthy hearings end it.
1954 Brown v. Board of Education — Overturns Plessy. "Separate
but equal" is unconstitutional. Warren Court's landmark ruling.

1955–68 Civil Rights Movement — Montgomery Bus Boycott → Sit-ins

→ Freedom Rides → March on Washington → Civil Rights Act
1964 → Voting Rights Act 1965.

1962 Cuban Missile Crisis — 13 days closest to nuclear war.

Kennedy forces Soviets to remove missiles. JFK's finest hour.

1964–68 LBJ's Great Society — Medicare, Medicaid, Head Start, Civil

Rights Act, Voting Rights Act. Biggest expansion of federal
programs since New Deal.

1965–73 Vietnam War (escalation) — Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gives

LBJ blank check. Massive protest movement. Tet Offensive
(1968) destroys public trust. Nixon's "Vietnamization." War
Powers Act 1973.

1968 Pivotal year — MLK assassinated, RFK assassinated,

Democratic convention chaos, Nixon wins on "law and order."

1972–74 Watergate — Nixon's Committee to Re-Elect spies on

Democrats. Cover-up. Nixon resigns 1974. Crisis of trust in
government.

1973 Roe v. Wade — Abortion legal nationally. Mobilizes religious

conservatives. Reshapes political coalitions for decades.

1979–80 Iran Hostage Crisis — Carter looks weak. Reagan wins 1980.
"Conservative Revolution" begins.

P8 THEME

The Civil Rights Movement used THREE strategies: legal (NAACP/courts),

nonviolent direct action (SCLC/SNCC), and later Black Power (more
confrontational). Know which groups used which approach.
Mega Timeline & Eras
HOW TO READ THIS

These eras overlap. Industrialization is still happening during Progressivism. The

Cold War runs through every period from P8 onward. Think of these as LAYERS, not
separate chapters.

ERA / E V E N T Y EA RS K EY F AC TS

1763–
American Revolution Enlightenment ideals, colonial resistance, Articles → Constitut
1789

1800–
Market Revolution Canals, railroads, factories, North industrializes, South stays a
1860

Manifest Destiny / 1820–

Texas, Oregon, Mexican Cession — every new territory = slave
Expansion 1860

1861– 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments; Freedmen's Bureau; Radical Rep

Civil War & Reconstruction
1877 then Redeemers

Industrialization / Gilded 1865–

Robber barons, monopolies, labor unions, immigration waves,
Age 1900

Westward Expansion / 1865–

Buffalo extermination, Dawes Act, reservations, Wounded Kne
Native Removal 1890

1890– Muckrakers, trust-busting, women's suffrage, 16/17/18/19th

Progressive Era
1920 Amendments

1898–
American Imperialism Spanish-American War, Philippines, Panama Canal, Roosevelt
 1917

1917– Zimmermann Telegram, Espionage Act, Wilson's 14 Points, Lea

World War I
1919 Nations fails

1920– Mass consumption, Harlem Renaissance, Prohibition, KKK revi

Roaring Twenties
1929 isolationism

Great Depression & New 1929– 25% unemployment, FDR's alphabet agencies, Social Security
Deal 1941 Act, Court-packing

1941– Pearl Harbor, Japanese internment, Double V, Rosie the Rivete

World War II
1945 bombs

1945– Containment, NATO, Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam

Cold War
1991 détente, Reagan → collapse

1954– Brown → Montgomery → sit-ins → Freedom Rides → March on

Civil Rights Movement
1968 Washington → CRA 64 → VRA 65

1964– Gulf of Tonkin, escalation, Tet Offensive 1968, anti-war movem

Vietnam War
1975 Vietnamization, fall of Saigon

Great Society / Liberal 1963– Medicare, Medicaid, Education Act, Civil Rights Acts, War on P
Consensus 1969 peak of New Deal liberalism

Conservative Backlash / 1968– Nixon's "Silent Majority," Southern Strategy, Watergate, Reagan
New Right Rise 1980 forming

Key Presidents
AP TEST REALITY CHECK

These presidents appear MOST often on the APUSH exam. For each one, know: (1)
their era's big problem, (2) their key policy/action, (3) how it changed America long-
term.

2nd President HIGH FREQ

John Adams
1797–1801

Alien & Sedition Acts — suppresses dissent

XYZ Affair — undeclared war with France

Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions pushback

Midnight Judges → Marbury v. Madison

3rd President HIGH FREQ

Thomas Jefferson
1801–1809

Louisiana Purchase (loose vs. strict construction irony)

"Revolution of 1800" — peaceful transfer of power

Embargo Act 1807 — backfires economically

Lewis & Clark expedition

7th President HIGH FREQ

Andrew Jackson
1829–1837

Indian Removal Act / Trail of Tears

Nullification Crisis (states' rights showdown)

Kills Second Bank of the U.S.

Spoils system, expanded executive power

16th President HIGH FREQ

Abraham Lincoln
1861–1865

Preserves the Union above all else

Emancipation Proclamation (1863) — strategic genius
10% Plan for Reconstruction (lenient)

Assassinated April 1865 — changes Reconstruction

26th President

Theodore Roosevelt
1901–1909

Trust-buster: 40+ antitrust suits

Square Deal: labor, consumers, conservation

Pure Food & Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act

Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine

Conservation: 150 national forests

28th President

Woodrow Wilson
1913–1921

WWI neutrality → "make world safe for democracy"

14 Points — idealistic peace plan

League of Nations — Senate rejects it

16th/17th/18th/19th Amendments all this era

Re-segregated federal government

32nd President HIGH FREQ

Franklin D. Roosevelt
1933–1945

New Deal — permanently expands federal gov't

Social Security, FDIC, SEC, Wagner Act, CCC

Court-packing plan (fails, but intimidates Court)

WWII leadership; dies before V-E Day

Only president elected 4 times → 22nd Amendment

33rd President

Harry Truman
1945–1953

Atomic bombs on Japan — ends WWII

Truman Doctrine — contain communism

Marshall Plan — rebuild Europe

Desegregates military (Executive Order 9981)

Korean War → stalemate

34th President

Dwight Eisenhower
1953–1961

Interstate Highway System (defense rationale)

Warns of "military-industrial complex"

Sends troops to Little Rock (1957)
CIA coups in Iran & Guatemala

Moderate Republican — keeps New Deal

35th President HIGH FREQ

John F. Kennedy
1961–1963

Cuban Missile Crisis — closest to nuclear war

Bay of Pigs fiasco (CIA plan to invade Cuba fails)

 Bay of Pigs fiasco (CIA plan to invade Cuba fails)
Peace Corps, space race
Supports civil rights (late, reluctantly)

Assassinated Nov. 22, 1963

36th President HIGH FREQ

Lyndon B. Johnson
1963–1969

Civil Rights Act 1964, Voting Rights Act 1965

Great Society: Medicare, Medicaid, education

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution → Vietnam escalation

Tet Offensive destroys his presidency

Declines to run for reelection 1968

37th President HIGH FREQ

Richard Nixon
1969–1974

Vietnamization + Cambodia bombing + Kent State

Opens China (1972) — Cold War masterstroke

Détente with Soviet Union

EPA, Clean Air Act (yes, Nixon!)

Watergate → first president to resign
Southern Strategy — realigns political parties

The 9 APUSH Themes (APPLICC +

2)
WHY THIS MATTERS

Every AP question is tied to one of these themes. If you can spot the theme being
tested, you know what to write about. SAQ and LEQ prompts will literally name one
of these.

American & National Work, Exchange &

Identity Technology
Who counts as American? How has Economic systems: slavery,
the definition changed? Includes capitalism, industrialization, market
immigration, nativism, race, revolution, labor movements,
citizenship laws. Ask: who is globalization. How does technology
included/excluded and why? reshape work?

Peopling / Migration Politics & Power

Who moved where and why: How governments form, change, and
European immigrants, Great exercise power. Federalism vs. states'
Migration, westward expansion, rights. Political parties evolving.
forced migration (slavery, Trail of Presidential power expanding.
Tears). Push/pull factors. Reform vs. reaction cycles.

America in the World Environment & Geography

U.S. foreign policy: isolationism → How geography shapes events:
imperialism → containment → Mississippi River trade, Great Plains
 détente. How does America define farming, Pacific access. Conservation
its role globally? movement. Environmental costs of
industrialization.

Ideas, Beliefs & Culture Citizenship & Civic Values

How values drive change: Puritanism, Who has rights and how do they get
Enlightenment, Social Darwinism, them? Suffrage expansion. Civil
Progressivism, counterculture. rights movement. Constitutional
Religion's role in reform (abolitionism, amendments. Tension between
temperance, civil rights). liberty and order.

Social Structures
Class, race, gender hierarchies. How
social movements challenge them.
Reform movements: abolitionism,
feminism, labor, civil rights, LGBTQ.

M C Q S t r at e gy & T r a p s
MCQ FORMAT

55 questions, 55 minutes. Most come in sets of 3–4 tied to a primary source

(document, image, map, graph). You don't need to know what the source IS — you
need to use it plus your knowledge.
 HOW TO READ SOURCES

Check the DATE first — what period is this?

Check the AUTHOR — what is their perspective/bias?

Identify the ARGUMENT — what are they claiming?

Think: who would AGREE vs. DISAGREE?

Think: what caused this? What happened after?

COMMON WRONG ANSWER TRAPS

"Too extreme" — if it sounds too absolute, likely wrong

"Anachronism" — answer refers to wrong time period

"Partially right" — true but doesn't answer THIS question

"Opposite" — meant to trick you by reversing the argument

"Out of scope" — real fact but irrelevant to the source

CONTINUITY VS. CHANGE

APUSH loves asking "what CHANGED" vs. "what stayed the same"

Slavery rhetoric changed; racial hierarchy didn't (post-Civil War)

Government role changed massively 1933 (New Deal)

Isolationism ended 1941 — never fully returned

Women's roles changed in wars but reverted after

MOST TESTED MCQ TOPICS

Causes of the Civil War (not just slavery — economic too)

Why Reconstruction "failed"

Progressive Era reforms and their limits

New Deal: what it did AND what it didn't do

Cold War containment policy

Civil Rights strategies and tensions (nonviolent vs. Black Power)

 PRIMARY SOURCE TYPES

Political cartoons — identify symbols, exaggeration, target

Political speeches — who's the audience? What are they arguing for?

Statistics/graphs — what trend? What caused it?

Maps — what changed between two dates?

Photographs — what does the image argue/show?

KEY COMPARISON PAIRS

Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Du Bois (accommodation vs. activism)

TR vs. Taft vs. Wilson (3 flavors of Progressivism)

Radical vs. Presidential Reconstruction

Isolationism (1920s) vs. Internationalism (post-WWII)

MLK vs. Malcolm X vs. Black Power (civil rights tactics)

Writing Section Prep

SAQ — Short Answer Question
3 QUESTIONS · ~40 MINUTES · NO THESIS NEEDED

Each SAQ has 3 parts (a, b, c). You answer in 3–5 sentences each. You do NOT need
a thesis or intro. Just directly answer the question with a claim + evidence.

[ FORMULA FOR EACH PART ]

Claim: [Direct answer to the question in 1 sentence]

Evidence: [Specific historical example with date/name]
Explain: [How does this example prove your claim?]
 Example → "Reconstruction failed to secure lasting rights for Black
Americans.
The Compromise of 1877 ended federal enforcement in the South,
allowing
states to impose Black Codes and Jim Crow laws, reversing gains made
by the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments." ]

LIKELY SAQ TOPICS

Continuity and change in Reconstruction outcomes · Progressive Era: what worked,

what didn't · WWII's impact on American society (women, minorities) · Cold War
containment evolution · Civil Rights strategies compared

L E Q — L o n g E s s ay Q u e s t i o n
1 QUESTION (CHOOSE FROM 3) · ~40 MINUTES · THESIS REQUIRED

You pick ONE of three prompts (different time periods). You need a thesis, context,
evidence, and analysis. Think of it as a 4–5 paragraph essay with a real argument.

[ 5-PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE ]

¶1 — Context + Thesis:
2–3 sentences of historical context (BEFORE your period).
Then: "Although [X], [thesis arguing for
change/continuity/cause/comparison]
because [reason 1], [reason 2], and [reason 3]."

¶2 — Body: Evidence 1 + explain how it proves thesis

¶3 — Body: Evidence 2 + explain how it proves thesis
¶4 — Complexity Paragraph: Counterargument OR nuance OR
connection to another period (THIS IS THE HARDEST POINT TO GET)
¶5 — Conclusion: Restate thesis + broader historical significance

LIKELY LEQ TOPICS (PICK FROM 3 TIME PERIODS)

Industrialization's impact on workers/society · Causes of U.S. expansion (imperialism)

· Continuity and change in women's rights · How did the New Deal change the
 relationship between government and citizens? · Cold War foreign policy
comparisons · How the Civil Rights Movement evolved

THESIS FORMULA THAT WORKS

"While [acknowledging something], [your argument] because [reason 1], [reason 2],
and [reason 3]."
This automatically shows complexity and gives you your body paragraph roadmap.

D B Q — D o c u m e n t- B a s e d Q u e s t i o n
1 QUESTION · ~60 MINUTES (15 MIN READING) · THESIS + USE ALL 7 DOCS

This is the biggest essay. You get 7 primary sources and must use at least 6. You also
need 1 piece of outside evidence (not in the documents). The scoring rubric has
specific requirements — know them cold.

[ DBQ SCORING CHECKLIST — Do ALL of these ]

✓ Thesis — makes a historically defensible argument (not just

restating the prompt)
✓ Context — 3+ sentences of background BEFORE the documents' time
period
✓ Use 6 of 7 docs — use content of doc, not just the title
✓ HAPP 3 docs — for 3 docs, explain Historical context, Audience,
Purpose, or Point of view
✓ Outside Evidence — 1 specific fact NOT in any document
✓ Complexity — Connect to another period, OR explain a
tension/contradiction

DBQ COULD BE ABOUT (HISTORICALLY TESTED TOPICS)

Causes of WWI / U.S. decision to enter · New Deal debates (supporters vs. critics) ·
Causes of the Civil War / sectionalism · Expansion of democracy and its limits · Cold
War home front tensions · Civil Rights Movement debates on strategy ·
Industrialization's social consequences
 HAPP EXPLAINED SIMPLY

For each HAPP doc analysis: "This source [supports/undermines] the argument
because [explain]. The author's [historical situation / audience / purpose / point of
view] means we should consider that [specific bias or reason they're saying this]."

M u s t- K n o w C o n c e p t s & T e r m s
SUPREME COURT CASES

Marbury v. Madison (1803) — judicial review

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) — implied powers Dred Scott (1857) — Black ≠ citizen

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) — separate but equal

Schenck v. US (1919) — free speech limits in war

Korematsu v. US (1944) — Japanese internment OK

Brown v. Board (1954) — overturns Plessy

Worcester v. Georgia (1832) — Jackson ignores it

Wabash v. Illinois (1886) — states can't regulate interstate RR

Roe v. Wade (1973) — abortion rights

ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY

Popular Sovereignty Nullification Manifest Destiny Social Darwinism

Laissez-faire Muckrakers Containment Détente Massive Retaliation

Great Migration Nativism Federalism Imperialism Republicanism

Sectionalism Suffrage Abolitionism Populism Progressivism

New Deal Coalition

 KEY DOCUMENTS & ACTS

Declaration of Independence (1776) Constitution + Bill of Rights (1787/1791)

Missouri Compromise (1820) Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

13th/14th/15th Amendments Dawes Act (1887) Sherman Antitrust (1890)

Pure Food & Drug Act (1906) Espionage Act (1917) 19th Amendment (1920)

Social Security Act (1935) Marshall Plan (1948) Civil Rights Act (1964)

Voting Rights Act (1965) War Powers Act (1973)

KEY PEOPLE (NON-PRESIDENTS)

Frederick Douglass — abolitionism, Black rights

Harriet Tubman — Underground Railroad

Booker T. Washington — economic self-help, accommodation

W.E.B. Du Bois — NAACP, full equality NOW

Jane Addams — Hull House, settlement movement

Upton Sinclair — The Jungle (muckraker) Ida Tarbell — exposed Standard Oil

MLK Jr. — nonviolent direct action Malcolm X — Black nationalism, self-defense

Betty Friedan — The Feminine Mystique, NOW Eugene Debs — socialist labor leader

William Jennings Bryan — Populism, free silver

APUSH Crash Course · Periods 3–8 · Good luck tomorrow —
you've got this.