Introduction of COMPUTER

Today computers are used in

every field – at home, at work and at
school. They have become part and
parcel of our daily activities which
either involve its use or depend on
information from a computer, such
as learning to read, finding a job,
looking for a product, or planning a trip.
Computer is an electronic machine, operating under the
control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept
Data (Input), Manipulate (process) data according to specified
rules, produce results (output), and store the results for future
use (storage)

Functions of a computer

Input : to accept the data

Process : to processing the data
Output : to produce the result
Storage : for storing the results

History of computer

It took thousands of years for the computer to develop

to its present stage. Earlier the process of computing was done
by counting with their own fingers, stones & through scratches
on the sand or walls. But this process could be useful only for
counting the small entities. Later on various types of computing
devices such as ABACUS, Napier's bone slide rule, difference
engine, lady Augusta Ada Lovelace, etc.

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Abacus
Computer truly came as a great invention in the last two
decades of the 20th century. But the history stretches back more
than 2500 years to the ABACUS: a
simple calculator made from beads
and wires, which is still used in some
parts of the world today. The
difference between an ancient Abacus
and a modern computer seems vast,
but the principle-making repeated
calculations more quickly than the
human brain-is exactly the same.

Analytical Engine
The first mechanical computer
designed by Charles Babbage was
called Analytical Engine. Charles
Babbage is named as grandfather of
computer.

Phases (Generation) of Computer

First Generation of computer (1946 to 1958)

In the first types of computers vacuum tubes were used
for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. These were often
very bulky occupying large spaces and also were very expensive
to operate. In addition a great deal of electricity was used and
they generated a lot of heat.
The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-
generation computing devices.

2nd generation of computer (1959 to 1964)

Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and were used in the
second generation of computers. The transistors were far

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superior to the vacuum tubes, allowing computers to become
smaller, faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more reliable
than their first generation predecessors.
Second-generation computers moved from cryptic binary
machine language to symbolic, or assembly languages, which
allowed programmers to specify instruction in words. High-level
programming languages were also being developed at this time,
such as early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN.

3rd generation of computer (1965 to 1974)

Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon
chips, called semiconductors, which increased the speed and
efficiency of computers. The users interacted with third
generation computers through keyboards and monitors and
interfaced with an operating system, which allowed the device to
run many different applications at one time with a central
program that monitored the memory.

4th generation of computer (1975 to 1990)

The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of
computers, as thousands of integrated circuits (IC) were built
onto a single silicon chip. What in the first generation filled an
entire room could now be taken in the palm of the hand. As
these small computers became more powerful, they could be
linked together by networking.
Fourth generation computers also saw the development
of GUI's, the mouse and handheld devices.

5th generation of computer (1990 onward)

Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial
intelligence, are still in development, though there are some
applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used
today.

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 The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop
devices that respond to natural language input and are capable
of learning and self-organization.
Processing of the computer
The most essential part of the computer that performs
the various operations provided and is called the brain of the
computer. It is mainly divided into three categories:
1. Arithmetic & logic Unit: It performs all arithmetical as
well as logical operations such as addition, subtraction,
multiplication & division. Also it performs the
comparison between the entities & thus help in decision
making to the computer.
2. Control Unit: It controls the flow of instructions within
the system. CU gets the program instructions from
memory & executes them one after another.
3. Memory Unit: It saves the instructions that are being
executed for future use. Each instruction uses certain
memory for its proper execution.

Important terms related to the computer

Data: The collection of unorganized facts and figures is called

Data. It can deal with numbers, text, images, sound, etc.

Information: The manipulated and processed form of data is

called information.

User: The person who uses the computer to generate the

information is called user.

Hardware: All physical and electronic equipments attached

together to make a computer is called hardware.

Software: The set of instructions and programs that collectively

enhance the capability of hardware is called software.

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Input: Input in the computer information entered to form the
input device. It is collection of letters, numbers, images, videos
etc.

Process: Process is the operation of data as for given instruction.

it is totally process of the computer.

Output: Any information that has been processed and comes

from a computer device is considered output.

Storage: We can store media, videos and results in storage

devices for future use.

Chronological Development of computer

1937: Dr. john V. Atanasoff and Clifford Berry designed and built
the first electronic digital computer. ABC – Atanasoff berry
computer.
1943: Dr. John W. Mauchly and J. Prosper Eckert, developed the
first digital computer ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and
Computer.
1951: The first commercial electronic digital computer UNIVAC
(Universal Automatic Computer),I was introduced by Remington
Rand.
1957 : FORTRAN (Formula Translation), easy-to-use
programming language, was introduced by John Backus.
1960 : COBOL, a high-level business application language, was
developed by a committee headed by Dr. Grace Hopper.
1965 : Dr. John Kemeny of Dartmouth led the development of
the BASIC programming language. BASIC was widely used on
personal computers.
1971 : Dr. Ted Hoff of Intel corporation developed a
microprocessor, or micro programmable computer chip, the Intel
4004.
1976 : Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniac built the first Apple
computer.

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1982 : Compaq Inc. is founded to develop and market IBM-
compatible PCs.
1984 :Hewlett-Packard announces the first Laser jet printer for
personal computers.
1991 : World Wide Web Consortium releases standards that
describe a framework for linking documents on different
computers.
1994 : Jim Clark and Marc Anderson found Netscape and Launch
Netscape Navigator 1.0 , a browser for the world wide web.
1995 : Microsoft releases Windows 95 , a major upgrade to its
windows operating system.
1997: Intel introduces the Pentium ii processor with 7.5 million
transistors.
1998: Microsoft released windows 98
Apple computer introduces the iMac, the next version of its
popular Macintosh computer.
1999: Intel releases its Pentium III processor, which provides
enhanced multimedia capabilities.
MS introduces office 2000
2000: MS released windows 2000 and Windows ME. Windows
2000 offers improved behind-the-scene security and reliability.
2001: Avid readers enjoy e-books, which are digital texts read on
compact computer screens.
2003: Latest operating systems include support for both the Wi-
Fi and Bluetooth standards.
2004: LCD developed in place of CRT monitors as the popular
choice of computer users.
2006: Intel introduces the core 2 Duo series of microprocessor.
These processors are very fast in speed
2007 MS released the new version of its widely used operating
system windows vista
MS also released the latest version of MS productivity suite
office 2007
2008: Google released its new web browser Google chrome.

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2009 :
MS released the windows 7
Intel releases the core i5 and core i7 line of processors
2010 :MS releases the latest version of its suite. Office 2010
2012 : MS released Window 8
These Development are never ending IT Software developers
are still contributing to major researches in this field .

Types of computer depend on the basis of its

usage:
On the basis of working :
 Analog computer
 Digital computer
 Hybrid computer (Digital + Analog)
On the basis of size:
 Mainframe computer
 Mini computer
 Super computer
 Work station
 Micro computer
 Desktop computer
 Laptop computer
 Palmtop computer
 Network computer
On the basis of brand:
 IBM PC
 IBM compatible
 Apple/ Macintosh
On the basis of processing:
 XTI 8086 & 8088 processor
 AT 286
 AT 386
 AT 486
 Pentium I, II, III,IV
 Core Processor Series.

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Major components of computer system is CPU within the
Unit.

Its configuration is as shown

1. Cabinet
2. Processor
3. Mother
Board
4. Hard Disk
5. Power
Supply
6. Ram
7. Floppy Disk
8. Air
Induction
Fan and
Heat Sink
fan
9. Optic Drive

Processor
Processor is the brain of computer. It is a programming chip,
which run all the Programs. The first
microprocessor was developed by
Ted Hoff in 1971. A microprocessor
is designed to perform arithmetic
and logic operations that make use
of small number-holding areas
called registers.
Processor is made up of
silicon chip that interprets and executes program instructions
and manage the functions of input output and storage devices.
Types of Processor
1. Pentium I, II, II, IV 4. Dual Core
2. AMD 5. Core i3
Core Series 6. Core i5
3. C2 Duo 7. Core i7

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 8. Multi core 11. Octa core
9. Dual core
10. Quad Core

Hard disk
Hard Disk is the primary and permanent storage device.
It is made up of a magnetic material. It is a secondary storage
device. It is very similar to human brain. Where all the past and
present events are stored. It stores the data in sectors. It ranges
from 1 GB to 160 TB. It can be more depending on the capacity
of hard disk.

Two types of Hard Disk

1. Internal
2. External

Internal Hard Disk Types

1. RAID – Redundant Array of inexpensive Disk Drive
2. SCSI -- Small Computer System Interface
3. IDE -- Integrated Device Electronics
4. SATA – Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
5. ATA --Advanced Technology Attachment

Mother board
A mother board (is also known as the main board,
System board, Planner board
and logic board,) is the main
printed circuit board (PCB)
found in the computer. The
mother board connects the
CPU Hard Disk Drives, memory
and every other part of the
system like processor, C.D.
Drives, Expansion Cards, Power
supply and input Devices.
Mother board connects the peripherals with ports slots and
sockets.

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Expansion slots
1. AGP- Accelerated Graphics port.
2. PCI- Peripheral Component Interconnect.
3. PCI EXPRESS
4. RAM SLOTS
5. PROCESSOR SLOTS

Expansion cards
1. Graphic card
2. Sound Card
3. LAN Card Slot
4. Extension Card
5. SCSI – Small Computer System Interface.
6. Processor
Power supply
The Power supply
unit supplies power to the
different system
components such as the
mother board and the
device drive
The Power supply
unit of the system is mostly
found in the top right
corner of the system case. It accepts the Alternating Current (AC)
from the power socket in the wall and converts the AC to Direct
Current (DC) for the system.

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 Introduction of input and output devices

Input devices
The keyboard and mouse are the principal input devices
of a computer. The keyboard and mouse help the user to
communicate with the computer.

Keyboard
Keyboard is an
input device. You use the
keyboard to enter the
number and text. It is
very similar to a type
writer. But keyboard has
many additional keys.

Keyboard Keys

1. Function Keys – (F1 to F12 are function keys)

2. Alpha Numeric Keys - ( A to Z, 0 To 9)
3. Numeric Keys – (0 to 9) Right side of the keyboard
4. Mathematic Operator keys (+, -, *, /, =)
5. Modification keys ( Space, Enter, Ctrl, Alt, Caps lock, ESC)
6. Punctuation keys
7. Windows Keys
8. Special Keys ( Insert, Pause, Break, Home, Page up, Page
down)

Types of keyboard

1. Ergonomic keyboard
2. 101 key enhance keyboard
3. 102 window key keyboard
4. 108 key keyboard
5. Multimedia keyboard
6. Wireless keyboard
7. Programming keyboard

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Mouse
It is a device that enables a user to move pointer or
cursor to a specific point on the
screen it was gives its name
because of its appearance and
movement like a mouse.
It was Developed by
Douglas Engle Bert in 1963

Construction: A mouse can have two or three buttons, which

performs different functions. Modern mouse also have a scroll
button, which help in reading the long document.

Types of mouse
1. Mechanical Mouse
2. Opt mechanical Mouse
3. Optical Mouse
4. Cordless Mouse

Touch screen
Touch screen is a
sensitive and special type of
visual display Unit. In front of
the display a grid of light
beam on fine wire criss
crosses the screen. When you
touch the screen computer
senses where you have pressed. The main advantage of the
touch screen is user friendly that anyone can operate it without
much training.
Microphone
 A microphone allows you to record your voice to the
computer
 It also lets you speak to other people using computer or
even on the telephone.

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Joy stick
An input device that allows the user to
control a character or machine in a computer
program. They look similar to the control
device you would find on an arcade game.
For example, a joystick allows an individual
to move an object in a game.

Scanner
Scanner is a device that can
'Read' or 'Scan' image and convert it to
a digital format.

Handy scanner
It is also called OCR Optical
Character recognition software can be
used to read printed text from an image
that has been scanned and store it as text
rather than an image.

Light pen
A light pen is a special pen by which you can point at any
computer monitor. When the
pen is pointed at the screen, the
computer can work out where
the pen is pointing.

Light pens can be used to "Draw"

on the screen or to select options
from menus presented on the
screen.

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Digitizing pad
Digitizing pad is a
device that can be
designed to allow users to
use a stylus electronic
pencil or even fingers to
interact with an operating
system and software, as
well as type, write and
draw.

Track ball
A trackball is a
pointing device consisting of a
ball held by a socket
containing sensors to detect a
rotation of the ball. The user
rolls the ball with the thumb,
fingers, or the palm of the
hand to move a pointer.

WEB CAM
A webcam is a video camera that feeds or streams its
image in real time to or through
a computer to computer network.
When "captured" by the computer,
the video stream may be saved,
viewed or sent on to other
networks via systems such as the
internet, and email as an
attachment.

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 Output devices

Monitor
Monitor is a primary
output device. it is also known
as Visual Display Unit (VDU),
Screen, and Display. It is very
similar to television but usually
display information at much
higher resolution. The monitor
display the graphic and text
information generated by the computer through video card.

Types of monitor

1. CRT - Cathode Ray Tube.

2. LCD - Liquid Crystal Display.
3. TFT - Thin Film Transistor.
4. LED - Light Embedded Diode

Graphic card
A Graphic Card is
also known as video card
which is part of computer
& is responsible for
generating a feed of
output images to display

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Plotter
A plotter is a computer
hardware device much like a
printer that is used for printing
vector graphics. Instead of the
traditional toner, plotters use a
pen, pencil, marker, or other
writing tool to draw a design
onto paper. Plotter is used for large type of printing area.

Speaker
A hardware device
connected to a
computer's sound card
that outputs sounds generated
by the computer.

Projector
A device that is used to
project rays of light, especially
an apparatus with a system of
lenses for projecting slides or
film on to a screen.

Sound card
A Sound Card is an expansion
card of integrated circuit that
provides a computer with the
ability to produce sound that
can be perceived by the user
through a peripheral device like
speakers or headphones.

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 Memory

The memory is a temporary storage place for data,

instructions and information. Memory plays a very important
role in a computer. Memory holds both the data that needs to be
processed, as well as the data that has already been processed.

Types of memory
1. Primary Memory
2. Secondary Memory
Primary Memory
1. RAM (Random Access Memory)
2. ROM (Read Only Memory)

RAM
RAM stands for Random Access Memory. Initially every
task is stored in RAM and then executed or stored in Hard Disk.
Ram is a temporary memory, it stores data temporary. It ranges
from 6 MB to 64 GB and is volatile.
Three types of RAM:
1. SRAM Static Random Access Memory
2. DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory
3. SDRAM Static Dynamic Random Access Memory

ROM
ROM stands for Read Only Memory. It is a programming
chip, where all the system information is stored and can't be
changed. It is non-volatile.

Three Types of ROM:

1. PROM Programmable Read Only Memory
2. EROM Erasable Read Only Memory
3. EEPROM Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory

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Secondary Memory
These are the storage devices and are used to save the
program files permanently. These are different types of memory.

1. Hard Disk (Ranges from 40 GB to 1 FB)

2. Floppy Disk (1.44MB)
3. CD Compact Disk (720 MB)
4. DVD Digital Video Disk (4.7 GB to 8.5 GB)
5. Blue ray Disk (25 GB to 40 GB)
6. Pen Drive (128 MB to 256 GB)
7. MO Disk Magneto Optical Disk
8. ZIP Disk
9. Memory Card
10. Magnetic Tape

Storage and Storage Devices

Storage
The storing capacity of computer is expressed in bits.
One character of data stored is called a bit (b) 8 bits constitute
one Byte (B).

0.1 1 BIT (b)

4 BIT 1 NIBBLE
8 BIT 1 BYTE (B)
1 BYTE 1 CHARACTER
1024 BYTE 1 KILO BYTE (KB)
1024 KB 1 MEGA BYTE (MB)
1024 MB 1 GIGA BYTE (GB)
1024 GB 1 TERA BYTE (TB)
1024 TB 1 PERA BYTE (PB)
1024 PB 1 FETA BYTE (FB)
1024 FB 1 ZOTA BYTE (ZB)
Storage devices
Hard disk
It is the primary and permanent storage devic.

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Floppy Disk
A floppy disk, also called a diskette, a flexible removable
magnetic disk (typically encased
in a hard plastic shell) for storing
data. Floppy disks are read and
written by a floppy disk drive
(FDD).

Compact disk
A Compact Disc (CD) is a type of optical disc. It is flat and
round, and is used to store digital data. It was first used to store
music and other sounds (and is sometimes called an "audio CD")

DVD
DIGITAL VERSATILE DISK OR DIGITAL VIDEO DISK, a type
of optical disk technology similar to the CD-ROM. A DVD holds a
minimum of 4.7GBof data, enough for a full-length movie.

Blue ray disk

Blue-ray is an optical disc format designed to display high
definition video and store large amounts of data. The format had
a 27-Giga Byte (GB) single-sided capacity and 50 GB on dual-layer
discs. Blue-Ray also features data streams at 36 Megabits per
second (Mbps), fast enough for high quality video recording.

Pen drive
A pen drive is a portable Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash memory
device for storing and transferring audio, video, and data files
from a computer.

MO disk Drive
A Magneto-Optical drive is a
kind of optical disc drive capable of
writing and rewriting data upon
a magneto-optical disc. The technology

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was introduced commercially in 1985. It is used for secret
programs because it is very safe for storage media.

Zip disk
The Zip drive is a medium-capacity removable floppy disk storage
system that was introduced by Lomega in late 1994.

Memory card

Memory card is a type of storage

media that is most commonly used in digital
cameras, digital camcorders, handheld
computers, MP3 players, PDAs, cell phones,
game consoles, and printers, to store
pictures, videos, music, and other data.

Magnetic tape
Magnetic tape is a medium
for magnetic recording, made of a thin
magnetizable coating on a long, narrow
strip of plastic film. It was developed
in Germany, based on magnetic wire
recording a device that stores computer
data on magnetic tape is a tape drive (tape
unit, streamer)

Bluetooth and Wi-Fi

Bluetooth is defined
as being a short-range radio
technology (or wireless
technology) aimed at
simplifying communication
among two or more devices.
A standard for short-range
wireless interconnection of
mobile phones, computers,

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and other electronic devices. It is use for send (a photograph or
other piece of data) from one electronic device to another via
Bluetooth.

Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi is the name of a popular wireless networking
technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-
speed Internet and network connections. A common
misconception is that the term Wi-Fi is short for "wireless
fidelity,"
A facility allowing computers,
smart phones, or other devices to
connect to the Internet or
communicate with one another
wirelessly within a particular area.

Virus or Antivirus

Virus
A computer virus is a program software or piece of code. That is
loaded on to your computer without your knowledge and run
against your wishes. All computer viruses are men made. A
computer virus is very dangerous because it will quickly use all
available memory and bring the system to a halt. Sometime virus
known as a bomb, worms, adware, freeware, spyware and
malware.

Antivirus
Antivirus is a set of program It is also a utility program that is
design to search, prevent, detect and remove software virus and
other malicious software.
Functions of antivirus
1. Scanning
2. Detecting
3. Preventing
4. Erasing and removing
5. Update the Virus Database

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 Software

Software or program, enables a computer to perform

specific tasks, as opposed to the physical components of the
system (Hardware) This includes application software such as a
word processor, which enables a user to perform a task, and
system software Such as an operating system. You can use
software to write letters, manage your finances, draw pictures,
play games and much more.

Software categories

1. System software – helps run the computer hardware

and computer system. It includes operating systems,
device drivers, diagnostic tools, server, windowing
system, utilities and more.
2. Application software – allows end users to accomplish
one or more specific tasks. Typical applications include
office automation, business software, and educational
software and computer games.
3. Programming software – usually provides tools to assist
a programmer in writing computer programs and
software using different programming languages in more
convenient way. The tools include text editors,
compilers, interpreters, linker, debuggers, and so on.

1. System Software
Two types of system
software include Operating
Systems and Utility Programs.

Operating System
An operating
system or OS is a software
program that enables the
computer hardware to
communicate and operate
with the computer software.

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Without a computer operating system, a computer and software
programs would be useless.

Functions of an operating system

The basic functions of an operating system are:

1. Booting - The process of starting or restarting the
computer is known as booting. A cold boot is when you
turn on a computer that has been turned off completely.
A warm boot is the process of using the operating system
to restart the computer.
2. Performs basic computer tasks e.g. managing the various
peripheral devices e.g. mouse, keyboard
3. Provides a user interface, e.g. command line, graphical
user interface (GUI)
4. Handles system resources such as computer's memory
and sharing of the central processing unit (CPU) time by
various applications or peripheral devices
5. Provides file management, which refers to the way that
the operating system manipulates, stores, retrieves and
saves data.

Utility's Programs
Utility programs help manage, maintain and control computer
resources. These programs are available to help you with the
day-to-day chores associated with personal computing and to
keep your system running at peak performance.
Computer security
 antivirus
 spyware protection
 firewalls
Disk organization
 formatting
 file transfer
 defragmentation

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System maintenance
 system information and diagnosis
 system cleanup tools
 automatic updating
 Backup software
 Scandisk
2. Application software that perform specific tasks for
the users are known as application software application.
 It is a productivity business tool
 It assists graphic and multimedia projects
 It supports household and personal business activities
 It facilitates communication tools.
Productivity software- Productivity software that assists people
to gain more efficiency and effectiveness while performing daily
activities. It includes:

1. Word processing software

2. Spreadsheet software
3. Database software
4. Presentation graphics software
5. Accounting software
6. CAD
7. Print/image editing software
8. E-mail
9. Web browsers

3. Programming software- A computer program is a set

of instruction that directs a computer to perform the
tasks necessary to process data into information.

Programming languages is a set of words, symbols and codes

that enables a programmer to communicate a solution
algorithm to the computer

Categories of programming languages

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1. Machine languages: Machine language, also known as first
generation language, is the only language that the computer
directly understands. Machine language instructions use a
series of binary digits (1s and 0s) that correspond to the on
and off electrical states of a computer.
2. Assembly language: Assembly language, also called second
generation of programming languages, developed because
machine programs were so difficult to write. With an
assembly language, instructions are written using
abbreviation codes.
Assembly languages do have several advantages over
machine languages. Instead of using a series of bits the
programmer uses meaningful abbreviations for program
instructions, called symbolic instruction codes or
mnemonics.
3. Assembler An assembler is a type of computer program that
interprets software programs written in assembly language
into machine language, code and instructions that can be
executed by a computer.
4. Compiler A compiler is a computer program (or set of
programs) that translates text written in a computer
language (the source language) into another computer
language (the target language.)
5. Interpreter An interpreter translates high-level instructions
into an intermediate form, which it then executes. In
contrast, a compiler translates high-level instructions directly
into machine language.

Network or internet

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 Network is a collection
of computer and devices
connected by communication
channel that allow user to share
data, information hardware and
software with other user.

Needs for networking

 Data and information sharing
 Hardware and software sharing
 Facilitated communication

Types of Networking
There are three types of networking

1. LAN – Local Area Networking

2. MAN - Metropolitan Area Networking
3. WAN – Wide Area Networking

Network Hardware
Computer, Cable, Resource, NIC (Network interface Card)
, Connector (HUB, Router, Switch, Bridge)

Network Devices
Server, Network Printer, Print server, NIC (Wireless or
Normal), Hubs, Switch for security.

INTERNET
Internet also called the Net is an electronic
communication device. It is one of the largest networks that link
millions or trillions of computers all over the world. You access
this network via communication devices and media such as,
modems, cables, telephone lines and satellites.

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Equipment needed for internet
To surf the net we need many equipments:

1. Computer: Any computer can be used to get connected

to the internet
2. Programs: Special programs are used on the internet.
These programs are given free of cost by most service
provider.
3. Modem: A modem serves in exchanging information
between a computer and the internet.
4. Telephone Line: All information of internet travel over
the telephone lines.
5. Speakers: Speakers allow us to hear music, voice and
other sounds generated by the computer.
6. ISP (Internet Service Provider): ISP is a company that
provides access to the internet like VSNL, Satyam,
Mantra online etc.

Advantages of Internet:

E-mail – with electronic mail, messages can be exchanged with

people around the world, including friends, family members,
colleagues, customers and even people you meet on the
internet.

Information – On internet we can get information on any topic

of interest. It is a valuable tool for research.

Entertainment – On internet different forms of entertainment,

such as radio and television broadcasts, video and music can be
gained access to.

Programs – On internet, is one can find thousands of programs

that can be used for one computer, such as word processor,
drawing programs, games and accounting programs.

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Discussion groups – The subjects can be as varied as food,
humor, music, photography, politics, religion, sports, television
and more.

Online shopping – Goods and services can be bought and sold on

the internet, just sitting comfortably at home. One needn't go
out for shopping.

Chat- Internet allow one to exchange typed messages with

another person on the internet with the help of communication
sites like Facebook, Orkut, what's app etc.

EMAIL
The transmission of messages and files via a computer
network is known as Electronic mail. You can create, send,
receive, forward, store, print, and delete messages. The message
can be simple text or can include an attachment such as a word
processing document, a graphical image, or an audio or video
clip.

Email Address
An E-mail address is a unique combination of a user name and a
domain name that identifies the user so he or she can receive
messages.

Parts of Email address

An E-mail address consists of two parts separated by @ ("at")
symbol.
user ID-often a combination of a Domain name – location of a
person's first initial and last name person's e-mail account

minhasds@[Link]

The last few character in an e-mail address usually indicate the

type of organization or country to which person belongs.

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Parts of E-mail Message

When you are in the process of writing an

e-mail message, you have to deal with
several parts of message, like From:, To:,
Cc:, Bcc: and Subject.

Compose the mail

From : A person who is sending the e-mail

message, his e-mail address is written in
this section.

To: A person who is receiving the e-mail message, his e-mail

address is written in this section

Cc: It stands for carbon copy. It is an exact copy of the message.

Bcc: It stands for Blind carbon copy. If you want to send the same
message to several people, without informing them that others
have also received the same message, you can take the help of
the Bcc.

Subject: A very short content of your message is written in this

section.

Some related terms with the internet

URL: A URL (Uniform Resource

Locator) Is an address, unique to
a web page. You can instantly
display any web page if you know
its URL. A URL has two main
components: Protocol identifier:
For the URL[Link]
the protocol identifier is http.

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Resource name: For the URL[Link] the resource
name is [Link].

Home page: The starting Page of a browser is called the home

page.

Web browser: A web browser is a program that lets you view

and explores information on the World Wide Web. Widely used
web browsers today are: Internet Explorer, Mozilla, Opera,
Chrome

IP address: An IP address is an identifier for a computer or device

on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route
messages based on the IP address of the destination.

Modem: A modem is a device that allows a computer to

communicate through telephone lines. The word, modem, is
derived from combination of the words, modulate, to change
into an analog signal and demodulate, to convert analog signal
into a digital signal. Both the sending and receiving ends of a
communication channel must have a modem for data
transmission to occur.

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 Question Bank

Introduction of computer

1. Computer is an
2. Which machine is useful for adding Numbers?
3. The name of the invention which was invented by the
Napier bone?
4. Who is the Grandfather of computer?
5. The first generation of computer was based upon?
6. A computer port is used to?
7. Symbolic language is developed in
8. What difference does the 5th generation computer
have from other generation computers
9. The binary system uses power of
10. A computer assisted method for the recording and
analyzing of existing or hypothetical systems is
11. Which part interprets program instructions and
initiate control operations?
12. The section of the CPU that selects, interprets and sees
to the execution of program instructions
13. The personnel who deals with the computer & its
management put together are called
14. Human beings are referred to as Homosapiens. Which
device is called Silico sapiens?
15. The function of CPU is
16. Control Unit of a digital computer is often called the
17. Which of the following are the two main components
of the CPU?
a) memory unit b) CPU d) Memory e) Control unit
and ALU
18. Which part of the computer was used for calculating
and comparing?

45 | P a g e
 19. The ALU and control unit of most of the
microcomputers are combined and manufactured on a
single silicon chip. What is it called?
20. The ALU of a computer responds to the commands
coming from
21. A modern electronic computer is a machine that is
meant for
22. What is the name of the earliest calculating machine
which was based on concepts found in modern
computers but was unfortunately never built?
23. All calculations are performed and all comparisons are
made in unit.
24. Which of the following is responsible for coordinating
various operations using timing signals?
a) Memory Unit, b) Control Unit c) ALU d)
Processor
25. Which of the following is a part of the Central
Processing Unit?
a) ALU b) CU d) MU e) All of the above
26. The operation of a digital computer is based on
principle.
27. Chief component of - first generation computer was –

Imported term related to the computer

1. Properly arranged data is called –

2. Before a disk can be used to store data. It must be…….
–
3. Which computer has been designed to be as compact
as possible?
4. The device that can both feed data into and accept
data from a computer is
5. A hybrid computer uses a to convert digital
signals from a computer into analog signals.
6. The report card and merit lists forms the

46 | P a g e
7. A billionth of a second is defined as a
8. The transistorized computer circuits were introduced
in the
9. The central processor of a modern digital computer
consists of
10. The memory sizes in mainframe computers and
advanced technology micro computers are expressed
as
11. What was the total number of UNIVAC-I sold
eventually and by which company?
12. Who designed the first general purpose electronic
digital computer "ENIAC" ?
13. A computer with CPU speed around 100 million
instructions per second & with the word length of
around 64 bits is known as
14. The first generation of computer available was based
on the bit micro processor
15. Which type device is a piece of equipment that
receives information from a CPU?
16. First generation computers are characterized by
17. In which year were chips used inside the computer for
the first time?
18. The invention of the slide rule is attributed to
19. When did Hewlett-Packard Inc. introduce its first HP-
110 laptop computer?
20. When was the X Window System born?
21. The first microprocessor built by the Intel Corp. was
called
22. EBCDIC can code up to how many different
characters?
23. Where are silicon chips manufactured in India?
24. A computer programmer
25. In which year was the PC voted 'The Machine of the
Year by the American Time magazine?

47 | P a g e
 26. Which of the following Indian companies designs and
manufactures super- computers?
a) C-DOC b) C-DAC c) CMC d) All of the above
27. UNIVAC is –
28. IBM 1401 is –
29. FORTRAN is -
30. EBCDIC stands for –
31. Second Generation computers were developed during
-
32. Microprocessors as switching devices are for which
generation computers -
33. Who designed the first electronics computer –
34. Who invented the high level language c+
35. Modern computer are very reliable but they are not –
36. In most IBM PCs, the CPU, the device drives, memory
expansion slots and active components are mounted
on a single board. What is the name of this board? –
37. Computer with CPU speed of around 100 million
instruction per second and with the word length of
around 64 bits is known as –
38. In which year was chip used inside the computer for
the first time? –
39. What was the name of the first commercially available
microprocessor chip? –
40. When were the first minicomputers built? –
41. The personal computer industry was started by –
42. What is Unicode?
43. ABC stands for

Inside the system Unit

1. The unit of a computer system that executes program,

communicates with and often controls the operation
of other subsystems of the computer is known as

48 | P a g e
2. Which kind of devices allows the user to add
components and capabilities to a computer system?
3. Where does a computer add and compare data?
4. A part located in the central processing unit that
stores data & information is known as
5. The brain of any computer system is
6. The tracks on a disk which can be accessed without
repositioning the R/W heads is
7. Any type of storage that is used for holding
information between steps in its processing is
8. When a disc stack is serviced by a comb-like access
mechanism, there is one read/write head for each
9. What is used for manufacturing chips?
10. CPU Stands for?
11. ALU stands for?
12. CPU controls ?
13. MS-DOS developed in
14. Floppy disc which are made from flexible plastic
material are also called?
15. A CPU's processing power is measured in:
16. A device or system not directly connected to the CPU
is
17. What does that acronym EGA stand for?
18. Regarding a VDU, which statement is more correct?
19. CD-ROM stands for –
20. ALU –
21. VGA is
22. The capacity of 3.5 inch floppy disk is
23. MICR stands for –
24. The output quality of a printer is measured by –
25. All modern computers operate on –
26. What is the latest write-once optical storage media? –
27. Which printer is very commonly used for desktop
publishing –

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 28. What is the name of the computer terminal which gives
paper printout? –
29. A/n …. Device is any device that provides
30. What is sent to the CPU –
31. A hybrid computer –
32. The ALU of a computer normally contains a number of
high speed storage element called –
33. To produce high quality graphics (hardcopy) in color,
you would want to use a/n
34. Which is an item of storage medium in the form of
circular plate? –
35. Personal computers use a number of chips mounted
on a main circuit board. What is the common name for
such boards? –
Introduction of input and output devices

1. The input unit of a computer

2. Which output device is used for translating
information from a computer into pictorial form on
paper
3. Which device of computer operation dispenses with
the use of the keyboard?
4. A device for converting handwritten impressions into
coded characters & positional coordinates for input to
a computer is
5. Which of the following devices can be used to directly
input printed text?

6. A computer system scanner is

7. What type of device is computer keyboard?
8. Which of the following are (is) considered to be video
component?
a) Graphics b) Resolution c) Pixel d) None of the
above

50 | P a g e
9. the storage capacity of a disk system depends on the
bits per inch of track and the tracks per inch of
10. Before a disk drive can access any sector record, a
computer program has to provide the record's disk
address. What information does this address specify?
11. Which of the following produces the best quality
graphics reproduction?
a) Plotter b) Printer c) Scanner d) None of the
above
12. A computer port is used to?
13. Dot- matrix printers are what type of printer?
14. Which of the following holds the ROM, RAM, CPU?
a) Board b) Plain Board d) Mother Board e ) PCB
15. CD-ROM is a
16. Write the non-impact printers name
17. Hard disks and diskettes are:
18. The processing capability of a microcomputer can be
enhanced with the help of
19. The equipment with which the computer talks to its
users is called a
20. The monitor of a computer is connected to it by a
21. Personal computers use a number of chips mounted
on a main circuit board. What is the common name for
such boards?
22. Which of the following printer can be classified as a
page-at-a-time printer?
a) Inkjet Printer b) Laser Printer c) Line printer d)
Impact Printer
23. The most common input device used today is
24. The CPU chip used in a computer is partially made out
of:
25. In a computer system, which device is functionally
opposite of a Key-board?
26. What is the general name of the device which
produces hardcopy graphics?

51 | P a g e
 27. Impact printers
28. Which type of display is the latest to be used for
portable computer?
29. Which part of the diskette should never be touched?
30. A disk with usable recording surfaces on each side is
known as
31. What does that acronym VGA stand for?

32. Dot-matrix is a type of

33. An optical input device that interprets pencil marks on
paper media is
34. Which is a device that changes information into digital
form?
35. A pen shaped device which can sense light, and is used
to point
36. A stand-alone system which produces one page of
printed output at a time is
37. The most important advantage of a video disk is
38. Which printer uses a combination of laser-beam &
electro photographic techniques?
39. A device designed to read information encoded into a
small plastic card is
40. In magnetic disks, data is organized on the platter in a
concentric sets of rings called
41. A device which converts human readable data into
machine language is
42. The least expensive OCR units can read
43. Which of the following can be output by a computer
a) Graphics b) Voice c) text d) Information e)
All of the above

Memory and Storage

1. RAM Stands for

2. ROM Stands for
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3. DRAM stands for
4. SRAM stands for
5. PROM stands for
6. EEPROM stands for
7. Primary storage is as compared to secondary
storage.
8. A technique used by codes to convert an analog signal
into a digital bit stream is known as
9. Which is a unit representing the no bits of discrete.
10. A memory that does not change its contents without
external causes is known as
11. RAM is used as a short memory because it is
12. The complete picture of data stored in data base is
known as
13. Which is secondary memory device?
14. A collection of eight bits is called
15. Can you tell what passes into and out from the
computer via its ports?
16. A byte is comprised of:
17. What is the name given to the 8-bit unit used for
coding data?
18. What is meant by the term RAM?
19. The 0 and 1 in the binary numbering system are called
binary digits or
20. Which of the following terms describe 1024 kilobytes?
a). MB b) GB c) Kilobyte d) None of the above
21. I GB is equal to
22. The contents of are lost when the computer
turns off.
23. Bit stands for
24. BCD is
25. Instructions and memory address are represented by
26. The two kinds of main memory are
27. To locate a data item for storage is
28. As compared to diskettes, the hard disks are

53 | P a g e
 29. To locate a data item for storage is
30. Which access method is used for obtaining a record
from a cassette tape?
31. Which of the following is the user programmed
semiconductor memory?
a). EEPROM b) PROM c) RAM d) All of the above
32. In comparison with static RAM memory, the dynamic
RAM memory has
33. Which of the following chips can be reprogrammed
with special electric pulses?
a). EEROM b) Processor c) ROM d) None of above
34. Computer memory consists of
35. A memory that holds micro programs is
36. A computer has a 1024K memory. What does the
letter K stand for
37. 1024 bytes represent a
38. The examination and changing of single bit or small
groups of his within a word is called
39. Any storage device added to a computer beyond the
immediately usable main storage is known as
40 A floppy disk contains
41 The fastest type of memory from the following list is
42 What is the permanent memory built into your
computer called?
43 Computer virus is a ?
44 Name of the latest virus
45 A antivirus is
46 First boot sector virus is
47 The instructions for starting the computer are house
on –
48 The silicon chips used for data processing are called –
49 Which of the following terms is the most closely
related to main memory?
a. Permanent b) Temporary c) Volatile d)
None of the above

54 | P a g e
50 As compared to the secondary memory, the primary
memory of a computer is –
51 Which of the following memories allows simultaneous
read and writes which of the following items are
examples of storage devices?
a). Hard disk b) RAM c) CMOS d) BIOS
52 Which is the type of memory for information that does
not change on your computer? –
53 The word length of a computer is measured in –
54 A pixel is –
55 one nibble is equal to –

Software

1. The language that the computer can understand and

execute is called
2. A computer will function only if it
3. What digits are representative of all binary numbers?
4. Codes consisting of light and dark marks which may
be optically read is known as
5. Which is another name for functional language?
6. Binary Number need more places for counting
because
7. Compilers and interpreters are themselves
8. A compiler means
9. The software used to convert source program
instructions to object instruction is known as
10. What is meant by a dedicated computer?
11. A multi programming system is one that can
12. Programs designed to perform specific tasks is called
known as
13. The language that is an input for statement translation
is called
14. Computer instructions written with the use of English
words instead of binary machine code is called
55 | P a g e
 15. A software package to perform calculations on data
arranged in an array is
16. The symbols used in an assembly language are
17. A Program that is employed in the development,
repair or enhancement of other programs is known as
18. ASCII stands for
19. The list of coded instructions is called
20. A program that converts computer data into some
code system other than the normal one is known as
21. The term referring to evacuating the content of some
part of the machine is known as
22. A computer program consists of
23. Each model of a computer has a unique
24. An error in computer data is called
25. 'ITS' stands for
26. The binary system uses power of
27. Which of the following computer language is used for
artificial intelligence?
a). PASCAL b) JAVA c) ORACLE d) C+
28. MSI stands for –
29. What is meant by a dedicated computer? –
30. Programs designed to perform specific tasks is known
as –
31. An application program that helps the user to change
any number and immediately see the result of that
change is
32. In which language is source program written? –
33. CAD stands for –
34. The Bios is the abbreviation of -

Network and Internet

1. What is internet?

56 | P a g e
2. To join the internet, the computer has to be connected
to a
3. Internet access by transmitting digital data over the
wires of a local telephone network is provided by
4. ISP exchanges internet traffic between their networks
by
5. Internet works on
6. Which one of the following is not an application layer
protocol used in internet?
7. Which protocol assigns IP address to the client
connected in the internet?
8. Which method is used to connect a remote computer?
9. A single packet on a data link is known as
10. Any device that perform signal conversion is
11. An instruction that transfers program control to one
or more possible paths is known as
12. In MODEMS
13. A large number of computers in a wide geographical
area can be efficiently connected using
14. 'ITS' stands for
15. A network is
16. What need for networking
17. LAN Stands for
18. WAN Stand for
19. MAN Stand for
20. MODEM Stands for
21. NIC Stand for
22. IP Stands for
23. E-Mail

MS - Word

1. Which of the following is not valid version of MS Office

?

57 | P a g e
 a) , Office XP b) Office – 7 c) Office – Vista d) None
of the above
2. You cannot close MS Word application by
3. The key F12 opens a
4. What is the short cut key to open the Open dialog box?
5. A feature of MS Word that saves the document
automatically after certain interval is available on
6. Where can you find the horizontal split bar on MS
Word screen?
7. Which of the following is not available on the Ruler of
MS Word screen?
a). Left Indent b) right Indent c) Center Indent
d) Tab stopper
8. What is place to the left of horizontal scroll bar?
9. Which file starts MS Word?
10. How many ways you can save a document?
11. If you want to keep track of different editions of a
document which features will you use?
12. Borders can be applied to ( Text, Paragraph, Page and
Picture)
13. Which of the following is not a type of page margin
a). Left b) Right c) Bottom d) Center
14. What is the default left margin in word 2003
document
15. What is gutter margin?
16. Portrait and Landscape are
17. Which of the following is not a font style?
a). Bold b) Italic c) Super Script d) Under line
18. How many columns can you insert in a word
document in maximum?
19. Thesaurus tool in MS Word is used for
20. From which menu you can insert Header and Footer?
21. AutoCorrect was originally designed to replace
words as you type.

58 | P a g e
22. Which of the following is the second step in creating a
macro?
a). Record Macro b) Play Macro c) Assign a
keyboard shortcut to the macro d) None of the above
23. In Word, the mailing list is known as the .
24. What is the default font used in MS Word document?
25. Drop Cap means
26. What is the short cut key to open Font dialog box?
27. What is the extension of Word files?
28. What is the maximum number of lines you can set for
lines to drop box?
29. Which of the following is word processing software?
a), MS- Word b) MS- Office c) Win word D) None of
the above
30. Which is not a data source component?
31. Where can you find the Draw Table tool button?
32. Bold, Italic, Regular are known as

MS –Excel

1. Formulas in excel start with

2. Which of the following is not an option of the spelling
dialog box?
a). Ignore b) Ignore all c) Edit d) Change all
3. Which of the following methods will into enter data in
a cell?
a). esc key b) arrow key c) Delete key d) None of
the above
4. The cell reference for cell range of G2 to m12 IS

5. What is the keyboard shortcut for creating a chart

from the selected cell range?
6. The software which contains rows and columns is
called
7. Which of the following is not a valid data type in excel?

59 | P a g e
 a). Number b) Character c) label d) date and time
8. Which area in an excel window allows entering values
and formulas?
9. Which feature do you use to create a newspaper like
document?
10. An Excel workbook is a collection of…............?
11. What do you mean by a workspace?
12. MS EXCEL is based on ......... ?
13. Which function is not available in the consolidate
dialog box?
14. Which is not the function of "Edit, Clear" Command?
15. Microsoft Excel is a powerful ………….
16. How do you rearrange the data in ascending or
descending order?
17. Which of the following is not a term of MS –Excel?
a). Spread sheet b) workbook c) work sheet d)
Document
18. How many worksheets can a workbook have?
19. Which would you choose to create a bar diagram?
20. Which key do you press to check spelling?
21. We can save and protect the workbook by
22. Which chart can be created in Excel? (Pie, Line,
Column, bar)
23. How do you display current date and time in Excel?
24. How do you display current date only in MS Excel?
25. What does count ( ) Function do?
26. What is the short cut key to highlight the entire
column?
27. Excel display the current cell address in the………
28. The active cell :
29. A is a grid with labeled columns and rows
30. The first cell in excel worksheet is labeled as

POWER POINT

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1. Which file format can be added to a PowerPoint show?
i. .jpg
ii. .giv
iii. .wav
2. In Microsoft PowerPoint two kind of sound effects
files that can be added to the presentation are
3. Material consisting of text and numbers is best
presented as
4. What is motion path?
5. What is a slide-title master pair?
6. Which of the following should you use if you want the
entire slide in the presentation to have the screen
look?
a). Outline view b) Print view c) Play view d)
None of the above
7. In the context of animations, what is a trigger?
8. If you have a PowerPoint show you created and want
to send using email to another teacher you can add the
show to your email message as a (an)
9. In order to edit a chart, you can
10. to exit the power point
11. To preview a motion path effect using the custom
animation task pane, you should
12. special effects used to introduce slides in a
presentation are called
13. which of the following is not a way to cut exit?
a). Select the next and delete button b). Alt + F4 c)
Select the Close button
14. which of the following can you use to add times to the
slides in a presentation
a). Rehearse time button b) Record time c)
Transition d) None of the above
15. which of the following is not one of PowerPoint's
view?
a). Print view b) Slide View c) Document View

61 | P a g e
 16. Which option can be used to set custom timings for
slides in a presentation?
17. Power point presentation are widely used as
i. Note outlines for teachers
ii. project presentations by students
iii. communication of planning
18. controls all the main slide control
tasks for your presentation.
19. In slide layout panel how many layouts are available
for text layout by default?
20. What power point feature will you use to apply
motion effects to different objects of a slide?
21. Which short cut key inserts a new inside in current
presentation?
22. In PowerPoint presentation
i. Sound clips can be inserted but not
movie clips
ii. Movie clips can be inserted but not
sound clips
iii. Both cannot be inserted
23. The effect applied to display when slides changes in
slide show view is
24. To start slide show of a presentation
25. Want a power point photo album slide show to play
continuously?

Full forms related with the computer terms

AUI Attachment ADSL Asymmetric Digital

Unit Interface Subscriber line
AVI Audio Video Interleave AC Alternating Current
ABC Atanasoff Berry ACC Accumulator
Computer

62 | P a g e
ADC Analog to Digital BIPS Billions Instruction per
Converter Second
ADSL Asymmetric Digital BIT Binary Information
Subscriber Line Term
AES Advanced Encryption BMP Bit Map
Standard BPS Bit per Second
AGP Accelerated Graphic BSNL Bharat Sanchar Nigam
Port Limited
ANSI American National CA Certification Authority
Standards Institute CAD Computer Added
AI Artificial Intelligence Designed
ALGOL Allegoristic Language CAM Cad Aided
ALU Arithmetic and Logical Manufacturing
Unit CASE Computer Aided
AOP Aspect Oriented Software Engineering
Programming CBIS Computer Based
ARPANET Advanced Research Information System
Project Agency CD Compact Disk
Network CDD Compact Disk Drive
ASCII American Standard CCNA Cisco Certified Network
Code for Information Associate
Interchange CDMA Code Division Multiple
ASP Active Server Pages Access
ATA Advance Technology CDR Compact Disk
Attachment Recordable
ATM Asynchronous Transfer CD-ROM Compact Disk Read
Mode Only Memory
ATX Advanced Technology CD-W Compact Disk
Extended Rewritable
BASIC Beginners All Purpose CGI Common Gateway
Symbolic Instruction Interface
Code CIO Chief Information
BCC Blind Carbon Copy Officer
BCD Binary Coded Decimal
63 | P a g e
CUI Character User DOS Disk Operating System
Interface DOS Denial of Service
CISC Complex Instruction DPT Dots per Inch
Set Computer DRAM Dynamic Random
CLI Command Line Access Memory
Interface DSA Digital Signature
CMOS Complementary Metal Algorithm
Oxide Semiconductor DSS Decision Support
COBOL Common Business System
Oriented Language DTP Desk Top Publishing
COM Computer Output on DVD Digital Versatile
Microfilm Disk or Digital
COMPUTER Commonly Video Disk
Operating Machine DVI Digital Video Interface
Particularly Used In EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded
Trade Education and Decimal Interchange
Research Code
CPS Character per EE PROM Electrically Erasable
Second/Cycle per Programmable Read
Second Only Memory
CPU Central Processing Unit EGI Enhance Graphical
DNS Domain Name System Interface
DAC Digital to Analog EIS Executive Information
Conversion System
DB Data Base E-MAIL Electronic Mail
DC Direct Current ENIAC Electronic Numerical
DDL Data Definition Integrator and
Language Computer
DIM Dual Inline Memory EPROM Erasable
Modem Programmable Read
DIN Director Identification Only Memory
Number ERP Enterprise Resource
DML Data Manipulation Planning
Language

64 | P a g e
FAT File Allocation Table IDE Integrated Drive
FD Floppy Disk Electronic
FDD Floppy Disk Drive IMAP Internet Message
FLOPS Floating Point Access Protocol
Operating Per Second IP Internet Protocol
FORTRAN Formula ISO International Standards
Translation Organization
FTP File Transfer Protocol ISP Internet Service
GIF Graphical Interchange Provider
Format JVM Java Virtual Machine
GUI Graphic User Interface KBD Keyboard
GB Giga Bytes KBPS Kilo Bite per Second
GOOGLE Global Organization of LAN Local Area Network
Oriented Group LCD Liquid Crystal Display
Language of Earth LED Light Embedded Diode
HD High Definition LLL Low Level Language
HD Hard Disk LSI Large Scale Integration
HDD Hard Disk Drive MAC Media Access Control
HDMI High Definition Address
Multimedia Interface MAN Metropolitan Area
HLL High Level Language Network
HMD Head Muted Display MS Microsoft
HP Hewlett Packard MFT Master File Table
HSL Hue Saturation And MB Mega Byte
Lightness MICR Magnetic Ink Character
HTML Hyper Text Markup Reader
Language MIDI Musical Instrument
HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Digital Interface
Protocol MODEM Modulator and
I/O Input Output Demodulator
IBM International Business MBPS Mega Bite per Second
Machine MCA Micro Channel
IDE Integrated Drive Architecture
Electronic

65 | P a g e
MIPS Millions of Instruction PROM Programmable Read
per Second Only Memory
MPEG Motion Picture Expert PNG Portable Network
Group Graphics
NTFS Now Technology File RAM Random Access
System Memory
NIIT National Institute of RIFF Resource Interleave
Information File Format
Technology ROM Read Only Memory
OCR Optical Character S\PDIF Sony\Philips Digital
Recognition Interconnect FORMAT
OS Operating System SATA Serial Advanced
OMR Optical Mark Reader Technology
PARC Polo Alto Research Attachment
Centre SRAM Static Random Access
PATA Parallel Advanced Memory
Technology SIM Subscriber
Attachment Identification Module
PPP Peer to Peer protocol SW Software
PC Personal Computer SMS Short Message Service
PCI Parallel Component SCSI Small Computer
Interconnect System Interface
PCMCIA Personal Computer SDP Serial Digital Port
Memory Card SHA Secure Hash Algorithm
International SMPS Switch Mode Power
Association Supply
PDF Portable Document SMTP Simple Mail Transfer
Format Protocol
PDLC Programmed SQL Structure Query
Development Life Cycle Language
PKC Public Key STP Shielded Twisted Pair
Cryptography SLIP Serial Line Internet
POST Power On Self-Test Protocol
TFT Thin Film Transistor

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TB Tera Bytes VGA Video Graphic Adapter
TDI Transport Data VIRUS Vital Information
Interface Resources under Siege
TCP Transmission Control WINS Windows Internet
Protocol Name Service
TUI Text User Interface Wi-max Worldwide
UNIVAC Universal Automatic interoperability
Computer microwave
UI User Interface Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
URL Uniform Resource WAN Wide Area Network
Locator WBC World Wide Web
UPS Uninterrupted Power Consortium
Supply / Universal WWW World Wide Web
Power Supply XHL Extensible Markup
USB Universal Serial Bus Language
VDU Visual Display Unit or Yahoo Yet another
Video Display Unit hierarchically officious
VSNL Videsh Sanchar Nigam Y2k Year 2000
Limited YB Yotta Byte
VPN Virtual Private Network ZB Zeta Byte
VAN Virtual Area Network

ANSWER KEY

INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER

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 1. Electronic 10) data flow, 20) Control
machine 11) control unit, section,
2. ABACUS, 12) control Unit, 21) input, storage,
3. ABACUS, 13) human ware, manipulation and
4. Charles 14) computer, outputting of data,
Babbage, 15) to read 22) Babbage's
5. valve, interpret and difference engine,
6. communicate process the 23) CPU,
with other information and 24) Control unit,
computer instructions, 25) ALU, CU, MU
peripherals, 16) nerve center, all of above,
7. 1950, 17) Control unit 26) Counting,
[Link] and ALU, 18) ALU, 27) Vacuum tubes
advancement, 19)
9. 2, Microprocessor,

IMPORTED TERM RELATED TO THE COMPUTER

1) Information, 11) Remington 19) 1984,
2) formatted, rand 20) 1984,
3) Microcomputer 12) J. Prosper 21) 4004,
4) Input-Output Eckert and John W 22) 256,
devices, Mauchly 23) Chandigarh
5) Modem 13) Super 24) Does all the
6) Output data computer thinking for a
7) Nano second 14) 8, computer
8) Second 15) Output 25) 1983,
Generation 16) Vacuum 26) C-DAC
9) Control unit and tubes and magnetic 27) Universal
primary memory drum Automatic
10) Megabytes 17) 1975, Computer
18) Ought red
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28) Second 32) Fourth 38) 1975,
generation generation 33) 39) Intel 4004 ,
Computer ENIAC 40) 1965,
29) Formula 34) Dennis M. 41) IBM
translation 30) Ritchie 42) Character
Extended Binary 35) Infallible encoding system
coded decimal 36) Mother board 43) Atanasoff berry
interchange code 37) Super computer
31) 1956-1965 Computer

INSIDE THE SYSTEM UNIT

1) CPU 14) 23) Magnetic Ink
2) Expansion Diskettes Character reader
slots 15) MIPS 24) Dot per sq.
3) CPU chip (Millions inch
4) Core memory instructions per 25) Data
5) CPU second) 16) Off 26) CD-ROM disk
6) Cylinder line 27) laser printer
7) Intermediate 17) Extended 28) Hard Copy
storage Graphics array terminal 29)
8) Disk surface 18) It is a Information
9) Semiconductor peripheral device 30) Input
10) Central 19) Compact disk 31) Resembles
processing unit read only memory both a digital and
11) 20) Arithmetic analog computer
Arithmetic logical logic unit 21) 32) Register
unit Video graphic 33) Plotter
12) Data Array or adapter 34) Disk
flow 22) 1.44 MB 35) Mother Board
13) 1991

INTRODUCTION OF INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES

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 1) Feeds data to 15) Read and write 30) Double sided
the CPU or the data on CD disk
memory 16) Laser printer 31) video Graphics
2) Plotter 17) Direct access Array, Vide
3) Mouse storage devices graphics adapter
4) Writing tablet 18) Expansions 32) Printer
5) OCR- Optical cards 33) OMR- Optical
character reader 19) Peripherals Mark Recognition
6) Input device 20) Cable 34) Digitizer
7) Input 21) Mother board 35) Laser pen
8) Resolution 22) Laser printer 36) Page Printer
9) Surface 23) Keyboard 37) Potential
10) Track 24) Silica capacity
number, Sector 25) Printer 38) Laser printer
number, Surface 26) Plotter 39) Badge reader
number - All of 27) Ans: Strike a 40) Track
above ribbon against the 41) Character
11) Plotter paper to produce Reader
12) To character images 42) Marks
communicate with 28) 43) Graphics,
other peripherals Electroluminescent voice, text,
computer-usable
13) Hammer type display
data or
14) Mother board 29) Oval Slot information (All of
above)

MEMORY AND STORAGE

1) Random Access 5) Programmable modulation 9)
memory read only memory Baud
2) Read only 6) Electrically 10) Static Memory
memory erasable read only 11) volatile
3) Dynamic memory 12) Schema
random access 7) Fast and 13) (All Secondary
memory inexpensive 8) storages are
4) Static random Pulse code Secondary
access memory memory devices)
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14) Byte 30) Sequential 43) Software
15) Bytes 31) EPROM 44) Quick Heal
16) Eight bit 32) Higher bit 45) Program code
17) Byte density and lower 46) Brain
18) Memory power 47) Read only
which can be both consumption 33) memory chip 48)
read and written EEPROM Prom Chip
to the data 34) RAM, ROM, 49) Temporary
19) Bits PROM – All of 50) Fast
20) MB above 51) RAM
21) 1024 MB 35) ROM 52) All storage
22) Memory 36) Kilo devices like Hard
23) Binary 37) Kilo Byte disk, pen drive
information term 38) Bit etc. 53) ROM
24) Binary coded Manipulation 54) BITS
decimal 25) Binary 39) Backing store 55) The smallest
codes 40) Both circular resolvable part of
26) ROM and RAM tracks and sector a picture
27) Glitch 41) 56) 4 bit
28) More Semiconductor
expensive memory
29) Database 42) ROM

SOFTWARE
1) Machine Language 14) Symbolic code
language processor 15) Electronic
2) has a program 10) Which is spread sheet
in its memory assigned one and 16) Mnemonics
3) 0, 1 only one task 17) Software tool
4) Barcode 11) Share or utility program
5) Application hardware 18) American
language resources with standard code for
6) Binary base is many programs information
small simultaneously interchange
7) Programs 12) Application 19) Computer
8) Source Software program
program into 13) Source 20) Encoder
object program 9) language 21) Dump

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 22) Algorithms 26) 0 2, 31) Spread sheet
written in 27) PASCAL 32) High level
computer's 28) Medium scale 33) Computer
language integrated circuit aided design
23) Machine 29) which is 34) Basic Input
language assigned one and Output system
24) Bug only one task
25) Intelligent 30) Application
tutoring systems software

NETWORK AND INTERNET

1). A vast 9) Frame 16) Data and
collection of 10) Modulator information
different networks 11) Broadband sharing
2) Internet service channel 12) A 17) Local Area
provider digital signal Network 18) Wide
3) Digital signal changes some Area Network 19)
line characteristic of a Metropolitan area
4) Internet carrier wave network
exchange point 13) 20) Modulator
5) Packet communications and Demodulator
switching satellites 21) Network
6) resource 14) Intelligent interface Card
reservation tutoring systems 22) Internet
protocol 15) A collection of protocol
7) DHCP computers 23) Electronic mail
8) Dial up

MS-WORD
1) Office vista 4) Ctrl +F12 8) View Buttons
2) File menu 5) save tab on 9) [Link]
choose close options dialog box 10) 3,
submenu 6) On the top of 11) Versions
3) Save As dialog vertical scroll bar 12) All of above
box 7) Center Indent 13) Center

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14) 1.25, words 20) Insert 27) .docx
15) Margin that menu 28) 10,
is added to the 20) Misspelled 29) MS Word
binding side of 21) Assign a 30) Data fields
page when Keyboard 31) tables and
printing 22) shortcut to formatting
16) Page the macro toolbar
Orientation 23) Data Source 32) Font style
17) Superscript 24) Time new
18) 45, Roman
19) Synonyms 25) None of these
and Antonyms 26) Ctrl + D

MS-EXCEL
1) =, 11) Groups of 21) Format
2) edit workbooks Protection 22) all
3) Pressing the ESC 12) Windows of above
key 13) Pmt 23) Now(),
4) G2-M12 14) Delete notes 24) Date(),
5) F11 15) Spreadsheet 25) Counts empty
6) Spread sheet package cells 26) Ctrl +
7) Label 16) Data, sort Space bar
8) formula bar 17) Document 27) Name box
9) Columns 18) 255, 28) Only A and B
10) Worksheets 19) Insert, chart 29) Worksheet
20) F7 30) A1

POWER POINT
1) all of above 5) A slide master an action when
2) .wave files and and title master for clicked 8)
.mid files a specific design Attachment
3) All of the above templates 9) Click the chart
4) A method of 6) outline view object 10) Click the
moving items on a 7) An item on the document close
slide slide that performs button 11) Click
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 the show effect
button
12) Custom
animation
13) Select the next
and press the
delete button 14)
Rehearse timing
button
15) slide view
16) Rehearsal 17)
All of above
18) Task pane
19) 12,
20) Animation
objects
21) Ctrl + M
22) Both can be
inserted
23) slide transition
24) hit F5 Key
25) Loop
continuously

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