EXERCISE : 7.
1
1. Which of the following numbers are not perfect cube?
(i) 216 (ii) 128
(iii) 1000 (iv) 100
(v) 46656
Sol. (i) Resolving 216 into prime factors, we find that
2 216 2 108 2 54 3 27 39331
216 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3
Clearly, the prime factors of 216 can be grouped into triples of equal factors and no factor is
left over.
So,216 is a perfect cube
(ii) Resolving 128 into prime factors, we find that
2 128 2 64 2 32 2 16 2 8 2 4 2 21
128 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
Now, if we try to group together triples of equal factors, we are left with a single factor, 2.
So, 128 is not a perfect cube.
(iii) Resolving 1000 into prime factors, we find that
2 1000 2 500 2 250 5 125 5 25 551
1000 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 × 5
Clearly, the prime factors of 1000 can be grouped into triples of equal factors and no factor
is left over.
So, 1000 is a perfect cube.
(iv) Resolving 100 into prime factors, we find that
2 100 2 50 5 25 551
100 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 5.
Now, if we try to group together triples of equal factors, we are left with 2 × 2 × 5 × 5
So, 100 is not a perfect cube
(v) Resolving 46656 into prime factors, we find that
2 46656 2 23328 2 11664 2 5832 2 2916 2 1458 3 729 3 243 3 81 3 27 39331
46656 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
46656 can be grouped into triples of equal factors and no factor is left over.
So, 46656 is a perfect cube.
2. Find the smallest number by which each of the following numbers must be multiplied to
obtain a perfect cube.
(i) 243 (ii)256
(iii) 72 (iv) 675
(v) 100
Sol. (i) Writing 243 as a product of prime factors, we have
3 243 3 81 3 27 3 9 3 31
243 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
Clearly, to make it a perfect cube, it must be multiplied by 3.
(ii) Writing 256 as a product of prime factors,
we have
2 256 2 128 2 64 2 32 2 16 2824221
256 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
Clearly, to make it a perfect cube, it must be multiplied by 2.
(iii) Writing 72 as a product of prime factors, we have
2 72 2 36 2 18 3 9 3 31
72 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
Clearly, to make it a perfect cube, it must be multiplied by 3.
(iv) Writing 675 as a product of prime factors, we have
3 675 3 225 3 75 5 25 5 51
675 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5
Clearly, to make it a perfect cube, it must be multiplied by 5.