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ORDINARY
DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS AND
VECTOR CALCULUS /
M-II
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
R25 SEMESTER END
EXAM
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SYLLABUS
UNIT - I
Exact differential equations – Equations reducible to exact differential equations –
linear and Bernoulli’s equations – Orthogonal Trajectories (only in Cartesian
Coordinates). Applications: Newton’s law of cooling – Law of natural growth and decay.
UNIT - II
Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients: Non-Homogeneous
terms of the type 𝑒 ௫, sin 𝑎𝑥 , cos 𝑎𝑥, polynomials in 𝑥, 𝑒 ௫𝑉(𝑥) and 𝑥 𝑉(𝑥) –
Method of variation of parameters
UNIT - III
Laplace Transforms: Laplace Transform of standard functions – First shifting theorem
– Laplace transforms of functions multiplied by ‘t’ and divided by ‘t’ – Laplace
transforms of derivatives and integrals of function – Evaluation of integrals by Laplace
transforms – Laplace transform of periodic functions – Inverse Laplace transform by
different methods, convolution theorem (without proof). Applications: solving Initial
value problems by Laplace Transform method.
UNIT - IV
Vector point functions and scalar point functions – Gradient – Divergence and Curl –
Directional derivatives – Vector Identities – Scalar potential functions – Solenoidal and
Irrotational vectors.
UNIT – V
Line, Surface and Volume Integrals. Theorems of Green, Gauss and Stokes (without
proofs) and their applications
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UNIT-I
Important Questions
1. Solve: (2xy+y²)dx+(x²+2xy)dy=0
2. Solve: (y+x²y)dx+(x+x³/3)dy=0
3. Solve: dy/dx + 2y = e^(-x)
4. Solve: dy/dx + y/x = x²
5. Solve: dy/dx + y = xy²
6. Solve: dy/dx − y/x = x²y³
7. Find orthogonal trajectories of x²+y² = cx
8. Find orthogonal trajectories of y = cx²
9. A body cools from 100°C to 70°C in 20 minutes when surrounding
temperature is 30°C. Find the
temperature after 40 minutes.
10. The rate of growth of a population is proportional to its size. If the
population doubles in 5 years,find the population after 10 years.
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UNIT-II
Important Questions
1. Solve: (D²−5D+6)y = e^(2x)
2. Solve: (D²+4)y = sin 2x
3. Solve: (D²−4D+4)y = x²
4. Solve: (D²+1)y = cos x
5. Solve: (D²−3D+2)y = e^x
6. Solve: (D²+9)y = sin 3x
7. Solve using variation of parameters: y''+y = sec x
8. Solve using variation of parameters: y''−y = e^x
9. Solve: (D²+2D+1)y = xe^(−x)
10. Solve: (D³−D)y = x + sin x
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UNIT–III
Important Questions
1. Find L{t²e^(3t)}
2. Find L{t sin(at)}
3. Find 𝐿−1 {1/(s+2)²}
4. Find 𝐿−1 {(s+1)/(s²+4s+13)}
5. Find 𝐿−1 {1/[s(s+2)]}
6. Find 𝐿−1 {1/[s²(s+1)]}
∞
7. Evaluate ∫0 e^(−2t)sin(3t)dt using Laplace transforms
8. Find the Laplace transform of periodic function f(t)=t, 0<t<2
9. Solve y''+y=0, y(0)=0, y'(0)=1 using Laplace transforms
10. Solve y''+4y=8, y(0)=1, y'(0)=0 using Laplace transforms
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UNIT – IV
Important Questions
1. Find ∇φ for φ=x²y+yz³
2. Find the directional derivative of φ=x²+y²+z² at (1,1,1) towards (2,3,4)
3. Find divergence of F=x²i+y²j+z²k
4. Find divergence of F=xyi+yzj+zxk
5. Find curl of F=(yz)i+(zx)j+(xy)k
6. Verify ∇×(∇φ)=0
7. Verify ∇·(∇×F)=0
8. Determine whether F=(2xy+z)i+x²j+xk is irrotational
9. Find scalar potential for F=(2x)i+(2y)j+(2z)k
10. Show that F=(yz)i+(zx)j+(xy)k is solenoidal
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UNIT-V
Important Questions
1. Evaluate ∫C(x+y)ds where C is the line joining (0,0) and (1,1)
2. Evaluate ∫C(ydx+xdy)
3. Evaluate ∬S(x+y+z)dS
4. Evaluate ∭V(x+y+z)dV
5. Verify Green's theorem for M=x²−y², N=2xy
6. Use Green's theorem to evaluate ∮C(xydx+x²dy)
7. Verify Gauss divergence theorem for F=xi+yj+zk
8. Use Gauss theorem to evaluate ∬S=F⋅n^dS
9. Verify Stokes theorem for F=−yi+xj
10. Use Stokes theorem to evaluate ∮C(ydx+zdy+xdz)
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Most Important Repeated/High-Probability 5-Mark
Questions Non- Numerical (Entire Syllabus)
1. Bernoulli differential equation
2. Exact differential equation
3. Orthogonal trajectories
4. Newton's law of cooling
5. Population growth and decay
6. Higher-order DE with e^(ax)
7. Higher-order DE with sin(ax) or cos(ax)
8. Variation of parameters
9. Initial value problem using Laplace transforms
10. Inverse Laplace transform
11. Periodic function Laplace transform
12. Laplace transform involving powers of t
13. Gradient calculation
14. Directional derivative
15. Divergence calculation
16. Curl calculation
17. Scalar potential function
18. Green's theorem
19. Gauss divergence theorem
20. Stokes theorem
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NOTE: These questions are based on historical trends and are
intended for practice only. There is no guarantee they will
appear in the exam; please ensure you study the entire
syllabus for comprehensive preparation
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