CHAPTER 8
Introduction to Robotics
Q1. What is a Robot?
Ans. A robot is a machine that is programmed by a computer and can do many complex
actions automatically. Robots are controlled by an external control device or through their
own built-in control systems.
Q2. Who introduced Robot to the public?
Ans. Robot was introduced to the public by the Czech writer, Karel Čapek.
[Link] between a Robot and an Automatic Machine?
Q 4. Write in brief for following years of “History of Robot”.
a. Who developed Unimate?
[Link] Devol
b) In which year first Robot company introduced?
Ans. First Robot company was introduced in 1962
c)Write full form of PUMA.
[Link] Universal Machine for assembly
d)Who developed PUMA?
[Link] was developed by Unimation with General motors design support.
e)In which era the robot industry had entered a phase of rapid growth?
[Link] 1980 the robot industry had entered a phase of rapid growth.
f) In which year robot geologist were launched toward Mars?
[Link] 2003 robot geologist were launched toward Mars.
g) On which date, Mars Exploration Rovers were launched?
Ans. On 10 June and 7 July 2003 Mars Exploration Rovers were launched.
h) Why NASA’s twin sent on Mars?
[Link] were sent in search of water on Mars.
Q 5. Write components of a robot.
Ans. components of a robot are-
a. Various sensors, like light sensors (eyes), touch and pressure sensors (hands),
chemical sensors (nose), hearing and sonar sensors (ears), and taste sensors
(tongue), give a robot awareness of its environment.
b. They have electrical components for providing power and controlling the
machinery.
c. Various mechanical constructions help to shape or form the design of a robot so that
it can accomplish a particular task.
d. Robots have a type of computer program that determines what, when, and how a
robot can complete its tasks.
Q6. Classify the three types of robots.
[Link] types of robots are-
[Link] level robots
[Link] level robots
c. Complex level robots.
Q7. State a difference between fixed and mobile robots.
Ans.
Fixed Robots Mobile Robots
These robots stay in one place and cannot These robots can move from one place to
move from their position. another.
They are usually attached to the floor or a They may have wheels, legs, or tracks to
workstation. help them move.
Used for repetitive tasks at a fixed
Used for tasks that require movement.
location.
Example: Robot arms in factories that Example: Robots in warehouses that carry
assemble cars. goods, or a vacuum-cleaning robot.
Q 9. What are service robots?
Ans. Service robots are used to assist humans in various tasks, like cleaning (vacuum
cleaners), transportation (self-driving cars), defence applications (drones), medical
procedures (surgery), etc.
Q10. Name the famous Indian Robots for the following:
a) It is an electrically-powered and remotely-controlled robot.- Daksh
b) HDFC bank has a humanoid robot assistant to answer the frequently asked
questions of customers.- IRA 2.0
c) Is was launched by Prime Minister, Narendra Modi and Ivanka Trump at GES
conference.-Mitra
d) It is India’s first 3D-printed humanoid robot which can perform push-ups and
play football.-Manav
Q11. Write short note on:
(a) Robotics
Ans. Robotics is a branch of science and technology that deals with designing, building,
and using robots.
It involves creating machines that can perform tasks on their own or with little human
help.
(b) Sophia
Ans. Sophia is a social humanoid robot with the ability to display more than 50 facial
expressions. It was developed by a Hong Kong based company called Hanson Robotic.
Sophia was activated on 19 April 2015 . With the granting of a Visa by Saudi Arabia in
October 2017, Sophia became the first robot to receive citizenship in any country.
(c) Artificial Intelligent Robot
Ans. The robots that show intelligent behaviour after getting programmed are called
Artificially Intelligent Robots.