Summary of chapter 2

 Types of fraction

1. A fraction that is smaller numerator than its denominator is called a proper fraction. The
value of the proper fraction is less than one.

2. Improper fraction: numerator is equal to or greater than the denominator. A fractional value
is greater than or equal to one.

 Mixed Number: The sum of a non-zero whole number and a proper fraction.
 Changing Fractions

To convert an improper fraction to a whole number or a mixed number, divide the numerator
by the denominator, put the remainder over the denominator.

 To convert a mixed number to improper fraction:

Addition and subtraction fraction

 To add or subtract fractions that have the same denominators we can add or subtract
their numerators.
 To add or subtract fractions that have different denominators first convert to fractions
with the same denominators.

Multiplying fractions

1. We call the multiplication of two fractions a/b and c/d, the result we get when we multiply
numerator by numerator and denominator by denominator. That is (a/b x c/d = (axc)/(bxd) =
ac/bd).

2. To multiply numbers in the form of a(b/c) or mixed numbers first we have to change them
into improper fractions, that is ((axc)+b)/c.

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Dividing Fractions

For any whole number a, b, c, and d (b, c, d # 0)

2. We have a non-zero whole number a and b, a/b is the reciprocal of b/a.

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 Chapter 2 Summary Questions

1. Write true for the correct questions and false for the wrong ones.

a) 2/9 is an improper fraction.

b) The value of 6/4 is less than 1.

c) All improper fractions can be changed into mixed number.

d) 4/7 and 16/28 are equivalent fractions.

2. Classify the following fractions as proper, improper or mixed.

e) When we change 12/7 into mixed fraction it becomes 1

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8. A father gives half of his wealth to his wife; he divided the rest equally among 4 children. If
the total wealth of the father is 240,000 birr. How much of the money each family member will
receive.

9. If a city taxi travels 80 kilometers in 1 hour, the taxi how many kilometers per hour does it
travel?

10. Out of the monthly salary that a government employee gets, 2/5 for food, 1/10 for
miscellaneous expenses and the rest it saves.

A) How much are the expenses of the salary?

b) How much of his salary does he save when he sleeps?

c) If his monthly salary is 9,000 birr, how much birr will he save every month.

11. Student Gebre always travels from home to school by bicycle. One day he arrived at his
friend's house from school and thought to go home from the house to the friend's house: 1 1/3
km, and from the friend's house to the house he took 4/6 km. How many kilometers did he
travel in total?

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 Unit 3

Decimals

The learning outcomes of this chapter: students after learning this chapter

 Will understand the concept of tenths and hundredths.

 Will indicate the decimals on the number line.
 Will apply the basic mathematical operations on the decimals.
 Will relate familiar fractions with decimals.

Introduction

In grade 4 you were learnt how to change fractions, which have denominators 10, 100, 1000
and so on, to decimals and decimals to fractions. In this unit you will revise the pervious topics
and you will indicate decimals on the number line and you will learn how to relate fractions to
the decimals. You will apply the basic mathematical operations on the decimals.

3.1 Revise tenths and hundredths of fractions

Sub unit learning outcomes

You will explain One-tenth (1/10) and one-hundredths (1/100).

Activity 3.1

Students divide one block into ten equal parts

A. What is the fraction of each block?

B. Explain each block in decimal.

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Remember
 If the denominator of the fraction is 10, then we call decimal fraction or tenths.
 To change tenths to decimal number is shift one digit of the nominator to the
left starting from the once place of it and put a decimal point. For instance,
“1/10” read as one tenth. So you can write 1/10 = 0.1.

Example 1

1. According to figure 3.1

A. The rectangle divided in to how many equal parts.
B. What is the fraction of Red painted to the total of the rectangle?
C. What is the fraction of Green painted to the total of the rectangle?
D. What is the fraction of Blue painted to the total of the rectangle?

Figure 3.1

Solution
A. 10 B. 2/10 =1/5 C. 3/10 D. 5/10 = ½

2. Change the following fractions into decimal numbers.

A. 7/10 B. 3/10

Solution
A. 7/10=0.7 ….. the denominator has one zero so by shifting one place to the left
and put the decimal
B. 3/10 = 0.3 …. ….. the denominator has one zero so by shifting one place to the
left and put the decimal

40
  If the denominators of the fractions are 100 then we call them hundredths. To
change hundredths to decimal numbers is shift two digits of the nominator to
the left starting from the once place of it and put a decimal point. For instance,
“1/100” read as one hundredths. So you can write 1/100 = 0.01.

Group work 3.1

Students by forming groups divide one block into 100 equal parts then

A. Show by hundredths
B. Show by decimals

Example 2

Show each fractions by hundredths

A. 3/5 B. 18/25 C. 3 ½

Solution
A. 3/5 = 3/5 x 20/20 = 60/100 B. 18/25 = 18/25 x 4/4 = 72/100
C. 3 ½ = 7/2 = 7/2 x 50/50 = 350/100

Example 3: Express the decimals to the fraction of hundredth

A. 0.7 B. 1.2 C. 0.18
Solutions
A. 0.7 = 7/10 x 10/10 = 70/100
B. 1.2 = 1.2/1 x 100/100 = 120/100
C. 0.18 = 0.18/1 x 100/100 = 18/100

Exercise 3A
1. For the following figures show the fractions of the shaded part

A C.

41
 B D.
Figure 3.2

2. Change the following decimals to hundredth

A. 0.42 B. 0.80 C. 0.64 D. 0.26
3. Identify which of the following fractions are tenths or hundredths
A. 2/10 B. 5/100 C. 35/10 D. 2/100

3.2 Show the decimals on the number line

The learning outcome of this sub-topic:
 Show the decimals on the number line.

Activity 3.2
Compare the following numbers by using >, <, or =

A. 0.6 ________ 0.8 C. 1.2 _____________0.5

B. 0.1 _________0 D. 0.3 _____________ 1.3

Notes

By using the number line we can label the decimal numbers consecutively. Assume that for any
two decimals A and B, and A>B then on the number line A is found at the right-side of B.

B A

Figure 3.3
According to figure 3.3, A is greater than B because as shown on the number line A is found at the right
side of B.

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For example 0.2 < 0.6 because on the number line 0.2 is found at the left side of 0.6.

Figure 3.4

Activity 3.3
Put the following decimal numbers on the number line.
A. 0.2 B. 0.8 C. 1.5 D. 2.3

Notes

 When we put any decimal number A on the number line then it is greater than from all
decimal numbers found at the left side of it. Also it is less than from all decimal numbers
found at the right side of it. That is, on the number line the numbers are increasing from
left to right.
 Decimal numbers are fractional numbers. To get the decimal numbers on the number
line is similar to get fractions on the number line.
 To represent decimals on the number line divided each part of the number line in to
equal ten parts of each part of it.
 Different decimal numbers can be put on one number line.

For instance: To represent 2.4 on the number line divide the part of line between
2 and 3 into ten equal parts. 2.4

Figure 3.5

The arrow has four parts at the right side of 2 so it indicates 2.4.

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Example 4:
Show the following decimals on the number line

0.6, 0.3, 1.4

Solution

Figure 3.6
Group work 3.2

1. Students divide the length between 0 and 1 into 10 equal parts then 0.6
a. Discuss that it is greater than 0 and less than 1.
b. Discuss that it has 6 one-tenths.
2. Students indicate four different numbers on the number line which are found
between 0 and 1. Show for your teacher.
3. Name the decimal places of each digit of 1.8

Example 5: Indicate 0.2, 0.9, 0.1 and 0.4 on the same number line
Solution

Example 6:
Indicate 1.4 on the number line. How many ones and one-tenth found on 1.4

1.4 = 1 + (4x1/10). Hence in 1.4 there are 1 ones and 4 one-tenths.

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Exercise 3B
1. Put the following numbers on the number line
a. 0.1 b. 0.9 0.3 d. 0.5
2. The following numbers listed below has how many tenths.
a. 0.2 b. 0.6 c. 0.8 d. 0.1
3. Put the following numbers on the number line
a. 1.3 b. 1.8 c. 1.6 d.2.9
4. Fill the answer on the space provided for the following decimal numbers by identifying
ones` and tens` and so on.
a. 4.32 has 4 ones 3 one-tenths 2 0ne_hundrendths
b. 1.87 has ______ones _____one-tenths _________ 0ne-hundrendths
c. 8.69 has ______ones _____one-tenths _________ 0ne-hundrendtsh
d. 12.41 has ______tens ______ones _____one-tenths _________ 0ne-hundrendths

3.3 Addition and subtraction of decimal numbers

Sub-title learning outcomes:
 Find the sum of two decimals
 Find the difference of two decimals

Addition of decimals

When you add decimals you have to realize and follow the following steps:

Notes

To add decimals

1. Align the decimal points in the addends in a straight line downward

2. Both decimals should have the same number of digit places. If there is difference add
zeroes.
3. The decimal points should be on the same line and add vertically.

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Example 7:

Add the following decimals vertically:

a. 3.12 + 0.85
b. 75 + 25.02
c. 2.070 + 10.806 + 1.3
d. 12 + 1.8 +4.31
Solution

Put the decimal point correctly

Whole numbers expressed in decimals.

2.070- and 1.300 to correct the decimal places we add o on the empty space

d. 12.00 –whole numbers expressed in decimals and 1.80 to correct the decimal

places we add o on the empty space.

Group work 3.3

The expense (Birr) of grade 5 students for their educational materials on September 2013 EC
listed below

Student name Educational materials

For Exercise Book For pen
Nejat 192.65 35
Edlawit 187.25 42.50
Mohammed 197.05 50
Ashenafi 200.75 45.65
A. What is the expense of Edlawit and Mohammed for exercise book?
B. What is the expense of Nejat and Ashenafi for pen?
C. What is the total expense of students for exercise book?
D. What is the total expense of students for pen?
E. What is the total expense of students for exercise book and pen?

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Example 8

W/ro Kedija bought Berbere with 165.45 Birr and Onion with 96 Birr from the market. What is the total
expense of W/ro Kedija?

Solution
165.45

+96.00 change whole number in to decimals.

261.45

Hence, the total expense of W/ro Kedja for Berbere and Onion is 261.45 Birr.

Subtraction of Decimals
To subtract decimals we will follow the same procedures of addition of decimals.

Note:
To subtract decimals
 Align the decimal points in the minuend and subtrahend down wards in a straight line.
Then, subtract decimals like whole numbers.
 The two numbers should have the same decimal places if not add zeroes on the empty
space at the last.
 use whole numbers subtraction technique

Group work 3.4

Subtract the following decimals.

b.

Example 9:

Subtract the following decimals

a. 2.4 – 1.15 c. 150.48 – 20.92

b. 28 – 0.79 d. 1.408 – 1.021

Solution

a.

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 b.

c.

d.

Example 10:

The height of a school building has 25.3m and there is another building next to it which has
35.75 m height. What is the height of second building greater than school building?

Solution

Hence the building is 10.45 m greater than the school building.

Exercise 3C

1. Add the following decimals.

a. 9.41 +11.23 c. 67.8 + 92.96
b. 92.71 + 1.008 d. 0.203 + 1.752 + 7.005
2. Subtract the following decimals.
a. 75.80 – 7.29 c. 3.8 – 3.205
b. 18.01 – 7.29 d. 128.72 – 62
3. Ato Zerihun bought Orange 35.75 Birr, Avocado 52.125 Birr and Banana 24.05 Birr from
the market for his family. Ato Zerihun totally spent how much Birr?
4. The mass of one bag of wheat and the mass of one bag corn are 47.08Kg and 64.365 kg
respectively, then
a. Which mass of bag is weighty more?
b. What is the difference of the mass of wheat and corn?

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1.4 Multiplication and division of decimals
The learning outcomes of this sub-topic
 Find the multiplication of two decimals.
 Divide decimals by decimals.

Multiplication of decimals

Activity 3.4

Discuss the following calculation by forming couple.

a. 3x0.5 b. 1.2x7 c. 10x3.1 d. 8x3.45

Multiply decimals by whole number

To our day to day activities we have faced a problem on multiplication of decimals by whole
number.

Note

 Follow the procedure of the product of any two whole numbers to get the result
 Shift the decimal point starting from right to left by considering the number of
digits after the decimal point, and start counting to the left from ones place to
put the decimal point on the product.
 To decide where to put the decimal point when we multiply the decimals by
multiple of 10 (10, 100, 1000, e t c) is shift the decimal point to the right with the
same number of zeroes of multiple of 10 on the product.

Example 11: The price of one kilo sugar in one shop is 27.75 then what is the price
of 5 kilo sugar?

Solution:

The price of 5 kilo sugar = 5 x the price of 1 kilo sugar

= 5 x 27.75 = 138.75. So the price of 5 kilo sugar is 138.75

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Example 12: Multiply the following numbers

a. 43.5 × 4. b. 91.32 × 83.

Solution:

a, 43.5 × 4 = 174.0 = 174

b. 91.32 × 83.

Here the multiplicand contains two decimal places, so

the product must contain two decimal places.

Thus, 91.32 × 83 = 7579.56

Example 13: multiply the following decimal numbers

a. 1.2 x 10 b. 0.456 x 100 c. 25.467 x 1000

Solution:

a. 1.2 x 10 = 12 ……. Because the multiple of 10 has 1 zero

b. 0.456 x 100 = 45.6 …… Because the multiple of 10 has 2 zeroes
c. 25.467 x 1000 =25.467 ……. Because the multiple of 10 has 3 zeroes

Multiplication of decimals by Decimals

Activity 3.5

The learning room of Grade 5 students has width 5.3 meter and length 7.8 meter then what is
the area of the room?

50
Note

To multiply decimals

1. Multiply the decimals like whole number.

2. Count and add the number of digits after the decimal points of each multiplier and
multiplicand.
3. On the product shift the decimal point from right to left with the same number of digits
found on step 2. (OR In the product, place the decimal point after leaving digits equal to
the total number of decimal places in both numbers. Counting decimal point must
always be done from the unit’s place of the product.)

Example 14: Multiply the decimal numbers between 0 and 1.

a. 0.2 x 0.7 b. 0.5 x 0.34 c. 0.21 x 0.68

Solution:

a.

b. 0.5 x 0.34

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 c. 0.21 x 0.68
0.21 ……………………………………there are two digits after the decimal point
X 0.68 …………………………………………. there are two digits after the decimal point
168 …………………………………………………found by multiple of 8
126 …………………………………. found by multiple of 6

000 …………………………………….. Found by multiple of 0

0.1428 …………………………………….. Move the decimal [points 4 places from right to left

Therefore, 0.21 x 0.68 = 0.1428

Example 15: Multiply decimals which are greater than 1

a. 128.16 x 2.5 b. 193.45 × 2.5 c. 26.452 × 2.1

Solution:
a. 128.16 x 2.5
12816
× 25 In 128.16, there are 2 decimal places after the decimal point and in 2.5, there
are 1 decimal point after decimal point. Therefore, total 2 + 1 = 3 decimal
64080 places

+ 256320 Now multiply, 12816 and 25

Now place the decimal point to have three decimal places after the point.
320400
Therefore, 128.16 × 2.5 = 320.400 i.e., 320.4

b. 193.45 × 2.5
Perform the multiplication ignoring the decimal points in multiplicand and multiplier.

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 Since 19345 × 25 = 483625
Here the multiplicand contains two decimal places and multiplier
contains one decimal place, so together the product must contain three
decimal places.
Therefore, 193.45 × 2.5 = 483.625

c. 26.452 × 2.1
Perform the multiplication ignoring the decimal points in multiplicand and multiplier.

Since 26452 × 21 = 555492

Here the multiplicand contains three decimal places and multiplier
contains one decimal place, so together the product must contain
four decimal places.
Therefore, 26.452 × 2.1 = 55.5492
Exercise 3D
1. Multiply the following numbers by showing the steps.
a. 2x0.75 b. 6x3.56 c. 12.03x4
d. 0.7x0.3 e. 0.25x0.1 f. 0.74x0.82
g. 1.4x2.5 h. 2.34 x x3.4
2. Multiply the following decimals by 10, 100 and 1000.
a. 2.5 b. 0.19 c. 8.276 d. 11.04
3. If the price of 1 kilo banana is 23.50 Birr then what is the price of 7 kilo banana?

Division of decimals
Group work 3.5
Divide the following decimals
a. 1 ÷ 0.5 c. 1.3 ÷ 10 e. 1.02 ÷ 1000
b. 0.2 ÷ 4 d. 0.9 ÷ 100 f. 0.288 ÷ 6

Note
We will follow how to find the quotient in division of a decimal by a whole number.

1. Divide the whole number of the dividend up to ones place

2. Put the decimal point at the right side of the quotient.

53
 3. The division will continue by considering the decimal part as a whole number.
4. If the remainder is not 0 then the division will continue by adding 0 on the side of it
 (i) While dividing a decimal by 10, 100, or 1000 etc. i.e., multiples of 10, the decimal
point shifts to the left by as many places as there are zeroes in the divisor.
(ii) If the number of places in the integral part is less, then put the required number of
zeroes to the left of the integral part, then shift the decimal point.

Example 16:

Divide the following numbers

a.: 100.4 ÷ 25 b. 1.2 ÷ 25 c. 115.8 ÷ 6 d. 89.4÷100 e. 158.7÷1000

Solution
a. 100.4 ÷ 25
100.4 ÷ 25

Therefore, 100.4 ÷ 25 = 4.016

b. 1.2 ÷ 25 = (12/10) ÷ 25 = (12/10) ×(1/25)

= (12 × 1)/(10 × 25)
= 12/250

Alternative Method:

54
Therefore, 1.2 ÷ 25 = 0.048

c. 115.8 ÷ 6

Hence, 115.8 ÷ 6 = 19.3

d. 89.4 ÷ 100 = 0.894… by shifting the decimal point 2 places to the left
e. 158.7 ÷ 1000 =0.1587 … by shifting the decimal point 3 places to the left

Note

Follow the following steps when we divide decimals by decimals.

a) Write the divisor without the decimal by multiplying both the dividend and divisor with
multiple of 10 (i.e count the number of decimal digits in the divisor.

b) Divide the numbers as usual.

c) During division process after we finished the division of the integral part of the dividend
we put the decimal point immediately at the right side of the quotient before we start
the division of the decimal part.

Example 17: Divide the following decimals.

55
a. 14.7 ÷ 2.1 b. 1.296 ÷ 0.108 c. 8.005 ÷ 0.05

Solution:
a. 14.7 ÷ 2.1
[Count the number of decimal digits in the divisor and we observe that after decimal there is 1
number so we divide the number by 10.]
= 147/10 ÷ 21/10
= 147/10 × 10/21 [reverse it to multiplication]
= (147 × 10)/(10 × 21)
= 1470/210

Now divide the numbers as usual.

Therefore, 14.7 ÷ 2.1 = 7

Solution:
b. 1.296 ÷ 0.108
1.296 ÷ 0.108
[Count the number of decimal digits in the divisor and we observe that after decimal there are
3 numbers so we divide the number by 1000]
= (1296/1000) ÷ (108/1000)
= (1296/1000) × (1000/108)[reverse it to multiplication]
= (1296 × 1000)/1000 × 108)
= 1296000/108000
Now divide the numbers as usual.

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Therefore, 1.296 ÷ 0.108 = 12

Solution:
c. 8.005 ÷ 0.05
8.005 ÷ 0.05
[Count the number of decimal digits in the divisor.]

[Move the decimal in dividend that many places to the right.]

800.5 ÷ 5
[Write the divisor without the decimal.]

[Now divide the numbers as usual.]

Therefore, 8.005 ÷ 0.05 = 160.1

Exercise 3E

1. Divide the following.

57
 a. 6÷0.5 b. 0.8÷4 c. 2÷0.04 d. 1.25÷5
2. Divide the following decimals by multiple of 10.
a. 0.5÷10 c. 10.2÷100 e. 0.825÷1000
b. 1.7÷10 d. 96.84÷100 f. 3.967 ÷ 1000
3. If the total price of 5 kilo sugar is 133.75 then what is the price of one kilo sugar?

3.5 Relation of decimals to fractions

The sub topic learning outcomes:

 Changing fractions to decimals

 Changing decimals to fractions.

Changing fractions to decimals

Activity 3.6

Answer the following questions by writing true if it is correct or false if it is not correct.

a. 1/10 = 0.5 b. 5/100 = 0.04 c. ¼ = 0.25 d. 4/10 = 0.2

Note

A fraction is written as a form of a/b and if we use a long division and divided by b then the
remainder will be 0, 1, 2, 3…, b-1. If the remainder is 0 then the division will stop and we call it
TERMINATING. But the division is non-stop then we call it NON-TERMINATING.

Example 18: To change 2/3 to decimals divide 2 by 3 and follow the procedure

58
 1. 2 is less than 3 so we write 0 and put decimal point on the quotient
2. Add 0 on the dividend and divide 20 by 3 then quotient 6 and
reminder 2.
3. Add 0 on the dividend and divide 20 by 3 then quotient 6 and
reminder 2.
The division will continue like this having reminder 2 not be 0. So
0.666…. is called non-terminating decimal.

Example 19. Change the following fractions to decimals

A. ½ b. 5/4

Solution

4. 1 is less than 5 so we write 0 and put decimal point on

the quotient
5. Add 0 on the dividend and divide 10 by 5 then quotient
2 and reminder 0.
So 1/5 = 0.2 and we call it terminating decimal.
a.

1. When you divide 5 by 4 the quotient is 1 and reminder is 1

2. Put the decimal point from the right side of 1.
3. 1 is less than 4 so we write 0 on the right side of the reminder
and we got 10. Then divide 10 by 4 and we got quotient 2 and
reminder 2.
4. 2 is less than 4 so add 0 on the right side of the reminder and
we got 20.
5. So divide 20 by 4 then quotient 5 and reminder 0.
6. Hence, 5/4 = 1.25
b.
1/5 and 5/4 are terminating decimals.

Changing decimals to fractions

To change decimals to fractions we will multiply the decimal by multiple of 10 which has
the number of zeroes is the same as the number digits after the decimal point. If the
denominator of a fraction is a multiple of 10 and to change it to decimal then shift the

59
 decimal point of the nominator to the left by the same number of zeroes found at the
denominator.

Note
To change decimal to fraction:
1. Take the integral part of the decimal as a whole number
2. The digits after the decimal point can be taken as their place value like 1/10, 1/100,
1/1000 … etc.
3. Change to single fraction by adding all.

Example 20:

Change each decimal to fraction.

a. 0.034 b. 5.06
Solution
a. 0.034 0 + 0x1/10 + 3x1/100 + 4x1/1000
=0+3/100+4/1000
= 3/100 + 4/1000 …… make similar the denominator
= 30/1000 + 4/1000 ….add the nominator by taking one of the denominator
= 34/1000
b. 5.06 = 5 + 0x1/10 + 6x1/100
= (5x100)/ (1x100) + 6/100 …. Make the denominator similar
= 506/100 …. Add the nominator by taking one of the denominator.

Activity 3.7

Change the following decimal numbers to fractions. Put the answer in simplified or
lowest term.
a. 3.5 b. 1.84 c. 0.275 d. 1.238

Remember:
1. If the greater common factor (GCF) of the denominator and nominator is 1
then the fraction is expressed in the lowest term.
¾ is the lowest term because GCF (3, 4) =1

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 2. To change a fraction into its lowest term we divide the nominator and
denominator by their greatest common factor.
Example 21: Change 0.825 to fraction and put in the lowest term.
0.825 = 825/1000
= (825÷25) /(1000÷25) = 33/44 … because GCF(825, 1000) =25

Example 22: change the following decimals to fractions and expressed in the
lowest form.

a. 2.6 b. 1.25 c. 0.075

Solution
a. 2.6 = 26/10
= (26÷2)/ (10÷2) ….. the G C F (26,10) = 2
= 13/5
b. 1.25 = 125/100
= (125÷25) / (100÷25) ….. Because the GCF (125,100)=25
=5/4

c. 0.015 = 15/1000
=(15÷5)/ (1000÷5)
=3/200 …… because GCF (15, 1000) = 5

Exercise 3F

1. Change the following fractions into decimals

a. 8/5 b. ½ c. 123/4 d. 98/4 e. 225/100
2. Change the following decimals to fractions.
a. 0.5 c. 3.85 e.17.267
b. 9.82 d. 10.04 f. 126.72

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3. Simplify the following fractions and express in their lowest term.
a. 6/24 b. 85/50 c. 42/63 d. 25/75 e. 125/100

62
Unit 3 Summary

 If the denominator of the fraction is 10, then we call decimal fraction or tenths.
 “1/10” read as one tenth. So 1/10 can be written as 1/10 = 0.1.
 “1/100” read as one hundredths. So 1/100 can be written as 1/100 = 0.01.
 We can show decimal numbers on the number line.
 Addition and subtraction of decimals
a. Align the decimal points in a straight line downward
b. Both decimals should have the same number of digit places. If there is
difference add zeroes.
c. Add or subtract like whole numbers.
 Multiplication of decimals
a. Multiply the decimals like whole number.
b. Count and add the number of digits after the decimal points of each
multiplier and multiplicand.
c. To put the decimal point on the product shift the decimal point from right to
left with the same number of digits found on step 2.
 To divide decimals

a. Write the divisor without the decimal by multiplying both the dividend and
divisor with multiple of 10 (i.e count the number of decimal digits in the divisor.)
b. Divide the numbers as usual.
c. During division process after we finished the division of the integral part of the
dividend we put the decimal point immediately at the right side of the quotient
before we start the division of the decimal part. To change fractions to decimals
we will simply divide the nominator by the denominator.

 To change fraction to decimal: it is necessary to divide the numerator by the

denominator

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 To change decimal to fraction
a. Take the integral part of the decimal as a whole number
b. The digits after the decimal point can be taken as their place value like 1/10,
1/100, 1/1000 … etc.
c. Change to single fraction by adding all.
 We can change decimal to fraction, or fractions to decimals by dividing or
multiplying of multiples of 10.
 A fraction is written as a form of a/b and if we use a long division and divided by b
then the remainder will be 0, 1, 2, 3…, b-1. If the remainder is 0 then the division will
stop and we call it TERMINATING. But the division is non-stop then we call it NON-
TERMINATING.

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Unit 3 summary questions
1. Change each fraction into tenth and hundredths.
a. 3/6 b. 5/2 c. 7/5
2. Put the following numbers on the number line.
a. 0.6 b. 1.7 c. 0.8 d. 9.1
3. Fill the blank spaces. Take the first questions as an example.
a. 3.92….. 3 ones 9 tenths 2 Hundredths
b. 6.02…. _____ ones ________tenths ________hundredths
c. 5.14……_____ ones ________tenths ________hundredths
4. Perform the following decimals.
a. 382.41 + 471.26 d. 10.134 – 9.021
b. 13.25 + 21.4 e. 1.203 -1.07
c. 25.002 +40.115 f. 5.1 – 2.417
5. Multiply the following decimals.
a. 2.7 x 4 c. 0.32 x 11
b. 6x3.56 d. 7.25 x 3.24
6. Multiply the following decimals by the multiple of 10.
a. 4.65x10 c. 0.0763 x 1000
b. 0.386 x 100 d. 16.819 x 1000
7. Divide the following decimals.
a. 4÷0.1 b. 0.3 ÷ 0.03 c. 11 ÷ 0.001 d. 3.29 ÷ 0.4
8. Divide the following decimals by the multiple of 10.
a. 0.5÷10 c. 10.2÷100 e. 0.825÷1000
b. 1.7÷10 d. 96.84÷100 f. 3.967÷1000
9. Change the following fractions in to decimals.
a. 3/6 b. 15/2 c. 75/50 d. 324/8 e. 25/100
10. Change the following decimals in to fractions.
a. 0.1 c. 3.85 e. 46.293
b. 2.17 d. 11.04 f. 231.76

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11. Simplify the following fractions in to the lowest term.
a. 7/21 b. 105/75 c. 12/84 d. 171/63
12. Student Zeyneba travel with bike 8.05 kilo meter in one hour. Her friend bike travel
11.2 kilo meter with similar hour. Both bikes travel how much kilo meter in one
hour?
13. The length of one rope is 0.45 meter. What is the length of five similar rope?
14. W/ro Aster has 18.75 litre tap water and she used 4.271 litre of water. How much
water she left?
15. Assume that 13.5 blokets are used to build one square meter of a wall. Then 351
blockets build how much square meter of the wall? brick
16. The weight of two pairs of glove is 0.06 kilo gram. What is the weight of similar 10,
100 and 1000 paired gloves?

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