Elements Machine Shop
Elements Machine Shop
a. 45⁰ b. 59⁰*
c. 64⁰ d. 70⁰
2. When using a drill press, the
work should be hold with:
a. glove hand
b. the hand
c. a vise and a clamp*
d. pliers
3. A machining operation whereby
the tool reciprocates and the
feed is stationary.
a. reaming b. shaping*
c. planning d. turning
4. A machining operation whereby
the tool rotates and the feed
is stationary.
a. shaping b. milling*
c. turning d. reaming
5. A machine used in shaping
metal by means of abrasive
wheel or removal of metals
with abrasive.
a. shaper b. planer
c. grinder* d. power saw
6. To prevent leakage in dynamic
seals, it is recommended to
used
a. gaskets b. seals
c. packings* d. felts
7. The process of checking or
producing checkers on the
surface of the piece by
rolling checkered depressions
in the surface.
a. indexing b. soldering
c. knurling* d. quenching
8. Tooth width measured along
the chord at the pitch circle.
a. chord space
b. chordal thickness*
c. chord clearance
d. chord length
9. It is recommended for high
speed application that the
maximum number of teeth in
small sprocket should be:
a. 10 to 20
b. 16 to 32
c. 14 to 28
d. 18 to 24*
10. Cast iron flywheels are
commonly designated with a
factor of safety of:
a 8 to 10
b. 10 to 13*
c. 5 to 6
d. 18 to 20
12. An agency handling
assistance to all foundry,
machine shop and metallurgical
plant operation.
a. DOST
b. BOI
c. MIRDC*
d. UNICEF
12. A metal characteristic that
absorbs extreme deformation
without rupture is called:
a. hardness
b. ductility
c. plasticity*
d. toughness
13. The size of all the pipes
from 1/16 inches to 12 inches
is defined by _____ size.
a. design
b. external diameter
c. inside diameter*
d. tubular
14. Cutting lubricants used in
drilling, reaming and lapping
of cast iron parts.
a. soda water
b. kerosene
c. soluble oil
d. dry*
15. The angle developed between
tooth profile and radial line
at its pitch point is referred
as:
a. approach angle
b. pressure angle*
c. recess angle
d. base helix angle
[Link] purpose of annealing is
to make a metal:
a. harder
b. medium hard
c. softer*
d. shiny
17. AISI numbering for silicon
steel.
a. 85XX
b. 92XX*
c. 93XX
d. 87XX
18. Specific weight of steel in
lbs/inches3
a. 0.832
b. 0.328
c. 0.283*
d. 0.823
19. Ratio of coil to wire
diameter, a measure of coil
curvature.
a. spring rate
b. spring index*
c. Wahl’s factor
d. spring scale
20. When hole is smaller than
the shaft, it will take
pressure to pull the parts
together, and the allowance is
negative and is termed as:
a. negative fits
b. negative allowance
c. interference of metals*
d. negative allowance
21. A kind of thread that is
generally used.
a. UNF
b. UNEF
c. UNC*
d. 8-Thread series
22. A machine tool used
principally to machine flat or
plane surfaces with a single
point cutting tool.
a. shaper*
b. planer
c. milling
d. lathe
23. The ratio of relative
viscosities colliding bodies
after impact to their velocity
before impact.
a. coefficient of friction
b. coefficient of velocity
c. coefficient of restitution*
d. coefficient of fluctuation
24. In machine shop forging
operation of lengthening a
piece of stock while reducing
the cross sectional area of
work is called:
a. reducing
b. upsetting*
c. upgrading
d. desizing
25. It is the radial distance
between the top of the tooth
and the bottoms of the mating
tooth space.
a. clearance*
b. tolerance
c. lead
d. crest
26. An arc of the pitch circle
through which a tooth travels
from its contact to a mating
tooth at the pitch point to
the point where contact
ceases.
a. arc of action
b. arc of recess*
c. arc of approach
d. backlash
27. The distance a helical gear
would thread along its axis
one revolution of it were free
to move axially.
a. crest
b. lead*
c. module
d. clearance
28. Ability of a material to
absorb energy when deformed
elastically and return to it
when unloaded is:
a. toughness
b. creep
c. resilience*
d. plasticity
29. A weld made to hold the
parts of a weldment in proper
alignment until final welds
are made.
a. fusion weld
b. tack weld*
c. electric weld
d. oxy-acetylene weld
30. It is a machine used for
testing of very thin steel or
surface layers.
a. Charpy test
b. Izod test
c. Description test
d. Rockwell test*
31. A machine tool in which an
abrasive wheel is used as a
cutting tool to obtain a very
smooth finish.
a. Broaching machine
b. Planer
c. Tool grinder*
d. Lathe machine
32. A machine tool used to
produce a variety of surfaces
by using a circular type
cutter with multiple teeth
a. lathe machine
b. milling machine*
c. broaching machine
d. grinding machine
33. A cutting tool used to
finish internal and external
surfaces by the use of a
cutter called a broach, which
has a series of cutting edges
of teeth.
a. lathe machine
b. broaching machine*
c. planer
d. shaper
34. A kind of chuck, which
should not be used where
accuracy is required called
a. collet chuck
b. magnetic chuck
c. four jaw chuck
d. universal chuck*
35. A tool when pressed into a
finished hole in a piece of
work, provides center on which
the place may be turned
otherwise machined called
a. mesh
b. butt
c. mandrel*
d. wobble
36. A machine tool which is very
similar to a shaper except
that the ram reciprocates
vertically rather than
horizontally.
a. lathe
b. grinder
c. planer
d. slotter*
37. A cylindrical bar of steel
with threads formed around it
and grooves or flutes running
lengthwise in it, intersecting
with threads to form cutting
edges. It is used to cut
internal threads.
a. Groove b. Lap
c. Tap* d. Flute
38. The operation of making a
cone-shaped enlargement of the
end of a hole, as for a recess
for a flat head screw.
a. Counter sinking*
b. Knurling
c. Squaring
d. Performing
39. It is an operation of sizing
and finishing a hole by means
of a cutting tool having
several cutting edges.
a. Notching
b. Piercing
c. Turning
d. Reaming*
40. The hop term used to include
the marking or inscribing of
center points circle area of
straight lines upon metal
surface either curve or flat,
for the guidance of the worker
called:
a. Shaping
b. Hobbing
c. Laying out*
d. Shaping
41. It is used to true and align
machine tools fixtures and
works to test and inspect size
trueness of finished work and
compare measurements either
heights or depths or many
other measurements.
a. dial gage
b. dial indicator*
c. tachometer
d. speedometer
42. The process of forming
metals by the use of dies
after the metal is heated to
its plastic range.
a. Rolling*
b. Forging
c. Turning
d. Casting
43. A machine tool used to cut
metals a lift, medium and
large section using a
reciprocating hacksaw blade.
a. Tool grinder
b. Shaper
c. Planer
d. Power saw*
44. The usual value of helix
angle of a drill is:
a. 30⁰*
b. 60⁰
c. 110⁰
d. 120⁰
45. Wiping is the process of:
a. applying flux during
welding process
b. cleaning the welded
surface after the welding
operation is over
c. connecting load pipes by
soldering alloy*
d. low temperature welding
46. In Carthias process
a. molten metal is fed into the
cavity in metallic mould by gravity
b. metal is poured into die cavity
and after a predetermined time
the mould is inverted to permit a part
of main steel in molten
state to flow out of cavity
c. cavity is filled with a
precalculated quantity of metal and a
core or plunger is inserted to force
the metal into cavity*
d. metal is forced into mould under
high pressure
47. What is the purpose of riser?
a. Feed the casting at a rate
consistent with the rate of
solidification
b. Act as a reservoir for molten
metal
c. Help feed the casting until
oil solidification takes place*
d. Feed molten metal from
pouring basin to gas
48. The mould for casting
ferrous materials
a. Copper*
b. High carbon steel
c. Low carbon steel
d. Medium carbon steel
49. A plug gage is used to
measure
a. cylindrical bores*
b. screw thread
c. spherical holes
d. taper bores
50. When large number of
components are turned and
parted off a bar the chuck
generally used is the _____.
a. collet chuck
b. four jaw chuck
c. magnetic chuck*
d. two jaw chuck
51. Which of the following is
the cutting speed m
of brass?
a. 30m/min
b. 40m/min*
c. 50m/min
d. 60m/min
52. Quick return mechanism is
used in a
a. drilling machine
b. grinder
c. lathe
d. shaper*
53. Mandrel used to hold
a. cutting tool
b. drill bits
c. face plate
d. hollow work pieces*
54. In up cut milling, the work
piece is fed
a. against the milling
cutter*
b. at an angle of 60⁰ at the
center
c. at the right angle of the
cutter
d. the direction of the
cutter
55. Sprue is passage provide for
the
a. out flow
b. in flow*
c. smooth flow
d. solidification of molten
material
56. Feed in the lathe machine is
expressed in
a. mm
b. mm per degree
c. mm per revolution*
d. rpm
57. Rapping allowance is
provided on a pattern take
care of
a. shrinkage
b. machining
c. distortion
d. easy withdrawal*
58. Chuck use in turret lathe is
a. collet chuck
b. four jaw self centering
chuck
c. magnetic chuck
d. three jaw chuck*
59. Cape in foundry practice
refers to
a. foundry
b. hot forging*
c. cold forging
d. fitting
61. Angle plate is used for
a. coarse grain*
b. fine grains
c. medium grains
d. round grains
63. The purpose of tumbler gears
in lathe is to
a. cut gears
b. cut thread
c. give desired direction of
the movement to the lathe
carriage*
d. reduce spindle speed
64. A sine bar cannot be used
without a/an
a. angle gage*
b. micrometer
c. slip gage
d. vernier caliper
65. The operation of finishing
drilled hole to the correct
size is known as
a. counter boring
b. counter sinking
c. reaming*
d. spot facing
66. When the outer corners of
the cutting edges of a drill
wear away to rapidly, it is an
indication of?
a. boring
b. chamfering*
c. planning
d. turning
69. When material in a lathe,
the harder the material being
cut, the tool bit should have
a. case hardened
b. rubbed with emery cloth
c. rubbed with crocus cloth
d. stoned with oil stone*
71. When cutting material in a
lathe, the softer the material
being cut, the tool bit should
have
a. any of these
b. double top rake
c. less top rake*
d. more top rake
72. A piece of cast iron hold
against an emery wheel will
give off
a. 1 flute
b. 2 flutes*
c. 3 flutes
d. 4 flutes
75. When using a drill press,
the work should be held with
a. a pair of pulley
b. a vise or clamp*
c. gloves on
d. the hand
76. When a lathe is put into
back gear, it will go
a. at a slower speed
backwards
b. at the same speed backward
c. faster
d. slower*
77. On a lathe, the dead center
is used after
a. boring
b. center-drilling*
c. drilling
c. reaming
78. The best file to use when
finishing sharp corner or a
lots of grooves is the
a. jewelry file
b. knife file*
c. mill file
d. square file
79. Never use a file
a. that is dirty
b. with a tang*
c. without a handle
d. without oiling
80. Which of the following
information is necessary when
ordering a file
a. size
b. shape
c. type of teeth
d. all the above*
81. When filling a piece of metal
in a lathe if short quick strokes
are used the finished piece will
probably
a. be out of round
b. be perfect
c. have small flat areas on the
surfaces
d. A and C*
82. The best procedure when
filling a piece of metal in a
lathe is to take ______
a. bumps
b. clogs
c. flats
d. pins*
84. Finishing off a piece of
metal with a real smooth
finish can be done by
a. draw-filling*
b. flat-filing
c. milling-filing
d. slide-filing
85. For finishing a piece of
work to size the file to use
is the
a. crossing file
b. double-cut fine-tooth file
c. mill file
d. single-cut fine-tooth file*
86. For filling lead or babbit,
use a
a. small tubing
b. conduit
c. sheet metal under 18 gage
d. any of the above*
88. A coolant is used when
cutting a material in a power
hacksaw to
a. aluminum
b. cast iron
c. solid iron
d. any of the above*
90. When cutting a long thin piece
of metal
a. brass
b. cast iron
c. heavy
d. thin wall tubing*
93. All hard hacksaw blade is
best suited for work on
a. brass
b. cast iron
c. tool steel
d. any of the above*
94. A hacksaw blade with 14 TPI
is best suited for cutting
a. one position
b. two positions
c. three positions
d. four positions*
97. A hard hacksaw blade is one
that
a. has a hard back and
flexible teeth
b. has a flexible back and
hared teeth
c. has the entire blade
hardened*
d. will only fit a solid
frame hacksaw
98. Hacksaw blade with 24 TPI is
best suited for cutting
a. high speed
b. tool steel
c. tungsten alloy steel
d. any of the above*
100. A flexible hacksaw blade is
one that has
a. a movable blade
b. flexible ends
c. only the back hardened
d. only the teeth hardened*
101. When lathe tool bit burns,
it means that the
a. angle cutting
b. grooving
c. facing
d. any of the above *
103. A universal chuck cannot be
used to cut
a. an accentric
b. a round stock
c. a cam
d. A and C *
104. The jaw of a standard vise
is
a. hard *
b. semi-hard
c. semi-soft
d. soft
105. When facing off a piece of
material in the lathe chuck
the bit must be set
a. above center
b. at the center *
c. below the center
d. off center
106. The out break of fire can
be avoided by preventing:
a. fuel
b. heat
c. oxygen
d. any one of the above*
107. The square head of a
combination set is used for
marking or checking the
angles:
a. 90⁰ only
b. 45⁰ only
c. 90⁰ and 45⁰ *
d. any angle between 0-180⁰
108. Angle plate is made of:
a. 80⁰
b. 70⁰
c. 60⁰ *
d. 35⁰
112. A new hacksaw blade should
not be used in old cut
because:
a. tang *
b. heel
c. body
d. point
114. In case of a flat scraper,
the depth of the cut is
verified by:
a. left hand *
b. right hand
c. straight
d. none of the above
116. In which screw thread the
side = width of flat = width
space = 0.5p
a. knuckle
b. buttress
c. square *
d. acme
117. A stud is which:
a. lead
b. G.I. Sheet
c. aluminum *
d. cast iron
120. Hardened steel parts have:
a. fine grains *
b. coarse grains
c. medium grains
d. none of the above
121. Concentricity of a outside
diameter can be checked by:
a. vernier caliper
b. outside micrometer
c. dial test indicator *
d. tube micrometer
122. Which micrometer has no
anvil:
a. outside micrometer
b. depth micrometer *
c. screw thread micrometer
d. digit micrometer
123. Which micrometer is
available with extension rods:
a. outside micrometer
b. inside micrometer *
c. screw thread micrometer
d. combi micrometer
124. Which gauge is used to
check the internal threads:
a. plug gauge
b. ring gauge
c. thread plug gauge *
d. thread ring gauge
125. In case of a limit plug
gauge which size will not
enter into the hole:
a. ‘Go’ size
b. ‘Not Go’ size *
c. A and B both
d. none of the above
126. Limit gauge is made to the
_____ sizes of the work to be
measured:
a. lapping
b. honning *
c. grinding
d. turning
130. Jig bushings are generally
made of:
a. mild steel
b. cast iron
c. tool steel *
d. brass
131. Fixture clamps are
generally made of:
a. clamping arrangement
b. tool guiding elements
c. manufacturing conditions
d. all of the above *
133. When an external gear is
meshed with an internal gear,
the gears will rotate in:
a. same direction *
b. opposite direction
c. will not rotate
d. none of the above
134. While soldering the flux is
used because:
a. 1 : 10
b. 10 : 1
c. 1 : 20 *
d. 20 : 1
136. If rpm = 200, feed per
revolution = 0.05mm, then feed
per minute will be:
a. 100mm
b. 10mm *
c. 4mm
d. 1mm
137. For a given rpm. If the
diameter if a twist drill
increases, then the cutting
speed will:
a. increase *
b. decrease
c. same
d. none of the above
138. An advance motion along the
longitudinal axis of a twist
drill is called:
a. speed
b. feed *
c. cutting speed
d. none of the above
139. In internal cylindrical
grinding the grinding wheel
and the work rotate in:
a. same direction
b. opposite direction *
c. neither A and B
d. A and B both
140. For grinding materials
having low tensile strength
which abrasive is used:
a. silicon carbide *
b. aluminum carbide
c. emery
d. corrundum
141. The size of a grinding
wheel is taken from:
a. diameter of wheel
b. bore size
c. width of face
d. all of the above *
142. Which center is used for
supporting open end of pipes,
shells etc. while turning or
thread cutting in a lathe:
a. ball centre
b. half centre
c. pipe centre *
d. female centre
143. When outside diameter of a
job is turned in relation to
the internal hole, the job
should be held:
a. 30⁰
b. 45⁰
c. 60⁰ *
d. 90⁰
[Link] angle of B.A. screw
thread is:
a. 60⁰
b. 55⁰
c. 45⁰
d. 47.5⁰ *
146. Main alloying element in
H.S.S. is:
a. chromium
b. vanadium
c. tungsten *
d. nickel
147. The value of one micron is:
a. 1.00 mm
b. 0.10 mm
c. 0.01 mm
d. 0.001 mm *
148. For the accurate
measurement of bores, the best
instrument is:
a. vernier caliper
b. dial test indicator
c. plug gauge
d. inside micrometer *
150. Under sine principle the
length of sine bar takes the
place of:
a. opposite side
b. adjacent side
c. hypotenuse *
d height
151. In a hydraulic driven
shaper the metal is removed
at:
a. higher speed *
b. lower speed
c. average speed
d. none of the above
152. In a shaper the cutting
speed (metric) is expressed
in:
a. mm / stroke *
b. mm / revolution
c. meter / minute
d. none of the above
154. For cutting gear teeth in a
shaper, the _____ tool is
used:
a. gooseneck
b. ‘V’ shaped
c. round nose
d. form *
155. Shaper tool bit should not
extend in tool holder beyond:
a. 5 mm
b. 15mm *
c. 25mm
d. 50mm
156. The standard ratio of
cutting to return stroke in
shaper is:
a. 3 : 1
b. 1 : 3
c. 2 : 3
d. 3 : 2 *
157. A tipped tool is more
useful than H.S.S. tool
because:
a. it can resists more heat
b. it can keep the cutting
point sharp
c. cutting speed can be
increased
d. all of the above *
158. The feed in shaper takes
place at:
a. the beginning of return
stroke
b. the beginning of cutting
stroke
c. the middle of return
stroke
d. the end of return stroke *
159. Which of the following
quick return mechanism is most
widely used in most of the
slotters:
a. whitworth mechanism *
b. slotter disc mechanism
c. hydraulic mechanism
d. slotter link and gear
mechanism
160. In a slotter the cutting
speed depends upon:
a. materials to be used
b. materials of the slotter
tool
c. finish required
d. all of the above *
161. The clamping block to be
used in a slotter to support
the end of the strap is made
of:
a. H.S.S.
b. high carbon steel
c. lead
d. wood *
162. Divided table planer has:
a. one table
b. two tables *
c. one housing
d. two housing
163. The straddle milling is
done by means of two:
a. T = 20 / N
b. T = N / 20
c. T = 40 / N *
d. T = N / 40
165. In a standard worm dividing
head the ration between the
worm wheel and the worm is:
a. 10 : 1
b. 20 : 1
c. 30 : 1
d. 40 : 1 *
166. In a standard dividing head
3 holes in 27 holes circles
will be:
a. 6⁰
b. 4⁰
c. 2⁰
d. 1⁰ *
167. Planer type milling machine
is built up for work of:
a. light duty
b. heavy duty *
c. medium duty
d. none of the above
168. In a straddle milling
operation how many cutters are
used to mill the work:
a. one
b. two *
c. three or more
d. any one of the above
169. For gear cutting which
cutter is used:
a. 45 HRC
b. 52 HRC
c. 62 HRC *
d. 72 HRC
171. The over arm of a milling
machine is used to support:
a. spindle
b. arbor *
c. column
d. table
172. Which of the following
conditions may cause error
during knurling:
a. 9 full rotation
b. 5 full rotation, 2 holes on the
36 hole circle
c. 4 full rotation, 12 holes on
the 27 hole circle *
d. 2 full rotation, 16 holes on
the 47 hole circle
175. Where the relieved cutters
are reground:
a. on the circumstances
b. relieved cutters are not
reground
c. on the flank *
d. on the side faces
176. What happens if the job is
loosely fitted between centres
in cylindrical grindings:
a. brush
b. cotton waste
c. chamois leather or lenen
cloth *
d. none of the above
178. One of the cause of
grinding wheel glazing is:
a. grain size
b. structure
c. kind of abrasive
d. hardness of bond *
180. Which kind of bond is
commonly used:
a. vitrified *
b. rubber
c. shellac
d. silicon
181. A grinding wheel has got
the marking ‘C’, is made with
the abrasive:
a. aluminum oxide
b. silicon carbide *
c. combination of A and B
d. corrundum
182. As per Indian standard, the
grain size 46 comes under the
group:
a. coarse grain
b. medium grain *
c. fine grain
d. very fine grain
183. As per Indian standard ‘M’
grade wheel comes under the
group:
a. soft
b. medium *
c. hard
d. none of the above
184. The symbol conventionally
used for resinoid bond is:
a. ‘V’
b. ‘R’
c. ‘B’ *
d. ‘E’
185. A grinding wheel is marked
as 51A 46L 5V 23, out of these
5 means:
a. kind of abrasive
b. kind of bond
c. structure *
d. grain size
186. Balancing of grinding wheel
is done to:
a. make the outside diameter
concentric with the bore
b. make the sides of wheel
parallel
c. equalize the weight in
every portion of the wheel *
d. none of the above
187. Grinding fluids are used
to:
a. flutes *
b. threads
c. diameter
d. relief
189. In vertical milling machine
the spindle Is attached ______
to the work table.
a. horizontal
b. vertical*
c. angular
d. none of the above
191. Planer type milling machine
is built up for ____
work of:
a. light duty
b. heavy duty *
c. medium duty
d. none of the above
192. In a straddle milling
operation how many cutters are
used to mill the work:
a. one
b. two *
c. three or more
d. any of the above
193. For gear cutting which
cutter is used.
a. one
b. two
c. three*
d. none of the above
195. If the clearance of a
cutting edge is 5 degree, the
lip (wedge) angle in 75 degree
the rake angle will be,
a. 80 degree
b. 70 degree
c. 10 degree*
d. none of the above
196. The approximate hardness of
HSS and mill cutter is,
a. 45 HRC
b. 52 HRC
c. 62 HRC*
d. 72 HRC
197. The over arm of a milling
machine is used to support
a. spindle
b. arbor
c. column
d. table*
198. Where does the speed motion
takes place in slotting
machine?
a. on the circumstances
b. relieve cutters are not
reground
c. on the flank*
d. on the side faces
203. What happens if the job is
loosely fitted between centers
in cylindrical grindings?
a. grain size
b. structure
c. kind of abrasive
d. hardness on bond*
207. Which kind of bond is
commonly used?
a. vitrified*
b. rubber
c. shellac
d. silicon
208. Which bond is suitable in
wet grinding?
a. rubber
b. silicate*
c. shellac
d. non of the above
209. A grinding wheel which has
got the marking “C” is made
with the abrasive?
a. aluminum oxide
b. silicon carbide*
c. combination of a and b
d. corrundum
210. As per india standard the
grain size 46 comes under the
group:
a. coarse grain
b. medium grain*
c. fine grain
d. very fine grain
211. As per indian standard “M”
grade wheel comes under the
group:
a. soft
b. medium*
c. hard
d. non of the above
212. The symbol resinoid bond
is:
a. “V”
b. “R”
c. “B”*
d. “E”
213. The grinding wheel is
marked as 51A 46L 5V 23, out
of these 5 means:
a. kind of abrasive
b. kind of bond
c. structure*
d. grain size
214. Balancing of grinding wheel
is done to:
a. steel rule
b. vernier caliper
c. micrometer
d. all of the above*
216. It is an operation in
stretching or spreading over
the metal by means of the
plane of the hammer.
a. peening*
b. swaging
c. bending
d. upsetting
217. The good quality of a
measuring tool.
a. vise*
b. clamp
c. grip
d. pressed
219. A multi pointed hand
anything tool used to remove
material from metallic and
non-metallic work places to
match with drawing, shape and
size.
a. cold chisel
b. file*
c. hacksaw
d. none of the above
220. A side cutting tool used
for accurately finishing the
straight or tapered holes
already drilled or bored
a. reamer*
b. swaging
c. peening
d. tapping
221. A devise used to fix two or
more parts
a. jigs
b. fixtures
c. fastener*
d. clamps
222. A machine element inserted
parallel to the axis of the
shaft
a. fastener
b. cutter
c. key*
d. none of the above
223. A machine element inserted
at the right angle to the axis
of the shaft is known as
a. fastener
b. cutter*
c. key
d. clamp
224. The process of extracting
iron in a blast is called
a. sintering
b. smelting*
c. casting
d. manufacturing
225. Which of the following is a
product of a blast furnace?
a. wrought iron
b. cast iron
c. pig iron*
d. gray iron
226. A type of iron which
contains 3 to 305% carbon
either in, combined form or in
true state.
a. wrought iron
b. cast iron*
c. pig iron
d. gray iron
227. Which of the following
furnace used for manufacture
of cast iron?
a. cupola furnace
b. crucible furnace
c. electric furnace
d. all of the above*
228. A product of paddling
furnace, which contains less
than 0.10% carbon, is called
a. wrought iron*
b. cast iron
c. pig iron
d. gray iron
229. Which of the following is a
property of wrought iron?
a. ductile*
b. brittle
c. cannot be forged
d. can be easily cast into
different shapes
230. Which of the following
gives greater hardness,
cutting toughness and fine
grain structure?
a. chromium*
b. nickel
c. tungsten
d. vanadium
231. It is the process for
making the outer surface
harden of the steel part.
a. frame hardening
b. hardening
c. case hardening*
d. carburizing
232. It is a case hardening
process by which the carbon
content of the steel near the
surface of a part is
increased.
a. nitriding
b. tempering
c. carburizing*
d. flame hardening
233. It is a case hardening
process in which work piece is
heated in a steam of ammonia
at 500 to 550 C.
a. carburizing
b. nitriding*
c. tempering
d. normalizing
234. The size by which it is
referred to as a matter of
convenience called:
a. basic size
b. actual size
c. nominal size*
d. effective size
235. It is a device which hold
the job in position and guide
the cutting tool.
a. clamp
b. jig*
c. vise
d. grip
236. It is a device which hold
the job firmly.
a. clamp
b. grip
c. fixture*
d. jig
237. It is the outer surface of
face of rim of the pulley and
made in convex form to keep
the belt in center when it is
in n
a. crowning*
b. dressing
c. creep
d. slip
238. It is used to transmit
motion at high speed without
producing noise.
a. bevel gears
b. hypoid gears
c. helical gears*
d. worm gears
239. It is used t transmit
motion at high speed with
heavy load without producing
noise.
a. worm gear
b. herring bone gear*
c. bevel gear
d. spur gear
240. It is used to connect and
disconnect the driving and
driven units.
a. brake
b. spring
c. clutch*
d. coupling
241. It connect the shafts with
soft material such as rubber,
leather and canvass.
a. universal coupling
b. flexible coupling*
c. rigid coupling
d. oldhm coupling
242. What is used to connect the
shafts whose axes are
intersecting?
a. rigid coupling
b. oldham coupling
c. flexible coupling
d. universal coupling*
243. It is generally used on
high speed with light load
because it has point contact.
a. ball bearing*
b. roller bearing
c. metal bearing
d. wood bearing
244. It is generally used on
high speed with heavy load
because it has line contact.
a. plastic bearing
b. metal bearing
c. roller bearing*
d. ball bearing
245. It is a process by which
the length of a work place is
increased by reducing its
cross sectional area.
a. drawing out*
b. drifting
c. jumping
d. upsetting
246. It is process by which the
length of a work piece is
reduced
a. upsetting
b. drawing out
c. drifting
d. jumping*
247. It is a set of gears fitted
in different positions on a
plain, which are controlled by
a lever.
a. gear train
b. stud gear
c. tumbler gear*
d. differential gear
248. It moves on the lathe bed
with cutting tool according to
the rotation of lead screw or
by the hand traversing wheel
a. apron
b. compound rest
c. saddle*
d. mandrel
249. It acts the carriage or
compound rest through the
mechanism lifted inside the
_________
a. saddle
b. apron*
c. compound
d. mandrel
250. It gives the cutting tool
longitudinal feed, cross feed
or angular feed.
a. compound rest*
b. apron
c. saddle
d. carriers
251. A holding device used to
hold the job properly when
turning the outer surface
through the finished hole
called
a. clamp
b. fixture
c. jig
d. mandrel*
252. Which of the following
gives shearing action?
a. slide rake
b. top rake*
c. side clearance
d. front clearance
253. What supports top rake?
a. front clearance*
b. side clearance
c. side rake
d. front clearance
255. Which of the following
reduces the rubbing action?
a. front clearance*
b. side clearance
c. slide rake
d. top rake
255. Which of the following is
used for all general purposes?
a. production process
b. puncher slotter*
c. tool room slotter
d. none of the above
256. It is an operation of
milling the complex surfaces
with the help of a group
cutters mounted on the same
arbor.
a. gang milling*
b. straddle milling
c. climb milling
d. down milling
257. It is an operation of
milling two opposite sides of
work place at a time by using
two side milling cutters on
the same arbors.
a. gang milling
b. straddle milling*
c. side milling
d. face milling
258. It is an attachment to the
milling machine which helps to
divide the job periphery into
a number of equal divisors.
a. index
b. dividing head*
c. slotting
d. universal spiral
259. It is an operation to
divide the periphery of the
job into the number of equal
parts accurately.
a. dividing head
b. indexing*
c. slotting
d. none of the above
260. The angle formed between
the face of the tool and work
surface or the tangent to the
work place at the point of
contact with the tool called
a. clearance angle
b. cutting angle*
c. rake angle
d. wedge angle
261. The size of the tri square
is measured from the inner
edge of stock to the end of
its ________
a. base
b. blade*
c. edge
d. body
262. The best method of avoiding
accident is by observing
_______ related to job,
machine and work place.
a. emery
b. opponent
c. safety precaution*
d. cleanliness
263. Mallets are made of _______
a. hardwood*
b. soft wood
c. steel
d. cast iron
264. Staggering of hacksaw blade
teeth on both sides
alternately is called
a. Edge
b. Base
c. Point*
d. body
266. It is the distance measure
to the axis from a point on a
screw thread to the
corresponding point on the
next thread.
a. lead
b. pitch*
c. linear
d. chord
267. Solder is an alloy of _____
a. planer
b. shearing machine
c. shaper*
d. slab cutter
269. It is the machine used for
shaping of metal or plastic by
pushing or pulling a broaching
across a surface or through an
centering hole in a work
piece.
a. planning
b. shaping
c. broaching*
d. milling
270. It is a milling method in
which parts placed in a row
parallel to the axis of the
cutting tool end are milled
simultaneously.
a. abreast milling*
b. angular milling
c. helical milling
d. none of the above
271. A core drill with hardened
steel shot pallets that
revolve under the rim of the
rotating tube, employed in
rotary drilling in every hard
ground.
a. automatic drill
b. double core barrel drill
c. flat drill
d. adamantine drill*
272. The part of the machine for
wood planning that carries the
cutter.
a. adz stock
b. adz block*
c. head stock
d. head block
273. It is a hole revolving
cutter or grinder wheel for
mounting it on an arbor.
a. hole saw
b. arbor hole*
c. star drill
d. punp hole
274. A machine used for forcing
an arbor or a mandrel into
drilled or bored parts
preparatory to turning or
grinding
a. automatic press
b. bladder press
c. arc press
d. arbor press*
275. A machine in which material
pulverized between two toothed
metal disks rotating in
opposite directions.
a. attrition mill*
b. tumbling mill
c. ball mill
d. beater mill
276. A press in which mechanical
feeding of the work is
synchronized with the press
action.
a. dial press
b. punch press
c. automatic press*
d. manual press
277. A file whose edges are
parallel is known as
a. crochet file
b. cross cut file
c. equaling file
d. blunt file*
278. Which of the following is a
boring machine tool used
particularly for large work
piece, types are horizontal
and vertical
a. boring mill*
b. burrstone mill
c. cage mill
d. chile mill
279. A tap with a chamfer 1-1
1/2 threads in length
a. center tap
b. bottom tap*
c. taper tap
d. plug tap
280. A small portable hand drill
customarily used by hand
setters to drill hole in
breast called
a. diamond drill
b. spiral drill
c. chum drill
d. breast drill*
281. The spindle of the grinding
machine on which the wheel is
mounted
a. bushing
b. arbor*
c. bearing
d. fluting
282. A device for holding
grinding wheels of special
shape of the working piece
being grounded.
a. head stock
b. fixtures
c. jigs
d. chucks*
283. Grinding grooves of a twist
drill or tap.
a. fluting*
b. flaring
c. lapping
d. honing
284. The dulling of the cutting
particles of a grinding wheel
resulting in a decreased rule
of cutting is called
a. grinding
b. glazing*
c. fluting
d. lapping
285. The process of increasing
the cross-sectional area of a
given portion or possibly of
the whole piece.
a. forging
b. upsetting*
c. spreading
d. drawing
286. The process of lengthening
a piece of stock while the
cross-sectional area is being
reduced.
a. tapping
b. honing
c. drawing*
d. upsetting
287. Sometimes used for
soldering bright tin
a. tallow
b. sal ammonia
c. tinning
d. rosin*
288. A very effective flux for
soldering galvanized iron or
zinc.
a. soldering paste
b. muriatic acid*
c. zinc chloride
d. cut acid
290. The groove providing for
the cutting faces of the
thread or teeth, chip passage
and lubrication.
a. heel
b. land
c. flute*
d. thread relief
290. The surface below the
cutting edge
a. face
b. flank*
c. nose
d. side relief
291. Which is the hardest
material?
a. steel
b. diamond*
c. bronze
d. brass
292. It measures the slope of
top surface of the tool to the
side in a direction
perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis.
a. resinoid bond
b. vitrified bond*
c. shellac bond
d. rubber bond
294. It is used for holding
straight shank drills in the
spindle of the machine when
drilling
a. drill chuck*
b. chuck key
c. floating holder
d. magic chuck
295. Back rake for HSS single
point cutting tool machine
free cutting brass is
a. 0 deg *
b. 5 deg
c. 10 deg
d. 15 deg
296. A reamer is used to correct
the
a. thicker materials
b. thinner materials*
c. heavier materials
d. stronger materials
303. Twists drills are made
usually considered suitable
machining holes having a
length less than
a. hard materials
b. soft materials*
c. both materials
d. none of these
305. In quick return mechanism
of shaping machine , the ram
stroke length is proportional
to
a. type of spindle
b. type of machine tool
c. load on bearing*
d. none of the above
307. Nitriding process of
surface treatment for steel
tools is used for taking
a. light cuts*
b. heavy cuts
c. medium cuts
d. none of the above
308. A very low cutting speeds
the tool wear is due to
a. plowing action*
b. transfer
c. material
d. temperature
309. Are mixture of hard cotton
seed or rape-seed oils and
mineral oils
a. cutting oils*
b. cooling oils
c. heating oils
d. emulsion
310. What is the material for
hacksaw blade?
[Link] pressing *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] of these
It is used to measure gap
between two mating parts to
set the job and machine in
alignment and to measure
clearance of piston and
cylinders in automobiles
[Link] Gauge
[Link] Gauge*
[Link] Gauge
[Link] Gauge
The movement of belt upon the
face of rim or outer surface
of the driver and the driven
pulleys within the area of arc
of contact.
a. Compound Gauge
[Link] gauge*
[Link] Gauge
[Link] gauge
The movement of belt upon the
face of rim or outer surface
of the driver and the driven
pulleys within the area of arc
of contact.
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
It is the process by which the
length of a work piece
reduced.
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
It cannot be forged because it
will break if heated and
beaten by hammer.
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Shaper tools are made of what
type of material?
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] speed steel *
[Link]
An operation of enlarging the
previous drilled hole
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
An operation to make smaller
hole in exact center for lathe
center
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] boring
[Link] bearing *
The size of abrasive grains
produced by crushing process
is called..
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link] of the above
It is also known as slab
peripheral milling.
[Link] milling
[Link] milling
[Link] milling
[Link] milling *
In _____ the tool is released in
return stroke.
[Link]*
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
It is the process of driving the
periphery of the job in
degrees.
[Link] indexing
[Link] indexing
[Link] indexing
[Link] indexing *
It is a method of grinding
cylindrical surfaces.
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
A _____ is formed when a shaft
rotates in a bush, lines of
the bore of a housing.
[Link] bearing
[Link] bearing
[Link] bearing*
[Link] bearing
CNC in machine shop means
[Link] up time
[Link] time
[Link] time
[Link] time *
Refers to the process of
separating or removing the
burning of combustible
material from the neighborhood
of the fire.
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] of the above
What is necessary to provide
tolerance?
[Link] maintenance
[Link] maintenance
[Link] maintenance *
[Link] maintenance
A ________ is used between the
cutting tool and work place to
minimize the friction heat.
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
Which of the following is NOT a
function of bearings?
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
It is a long tapered punch used
for loosening straight pins,
rivets, and other small parts
being disassembled.
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link] nose
d.C -clamp
A _______ is used to test
accuracy of holes.
[Link] gage
[Link] gage
[Link] gage *
[Link] gage
A ______ consist of a hardened
and ground steel bar in which
two hardened and ground of the
same diameter are set.
[Link]
[Link] block
[Link] bar *
[Link]
________ are hardened devices
with a taper shank on one end
and a 60 degrees point at the
other end.
[Link] centre
[Link] centers *
[Link] center
[Link] center
It is large casting located on
the left end of the bed.
[Link] stock
[Link] stock
[Link] *
[Link]
A ______ is a thread that has a
lead equal to pitch.
[Link] crank
[Link] plates
[Link] knob*
[Link] of the above
It is mounted in the top of
column and is guided in
perfect alignment by the
machined dovetailed surface.
[Link] arm *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Refers to circular milling
attachment that is bolted to
the top of the table of a
plain or universal milling
machine.
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
A fine grained salty silica rock
used for sharpening edged
tools.
[Link] *
[Link] grinder
[Link] oil
[Link] of the above
A hand tool used to measure
engine crank web deflection.
[Link] gage
[Link] gage
[Link] gage *
[Link] gage
It is used to true and align
machine tools, fixtures and
works.
[Link] indicator *
[Link] indicator
[Link] gage
[Link] gage
It is used for cutting long
places of metals.
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] saw *
[Link] machine
It is used for external,
internal and relieving of mill
cutters and taps
[Link] attachment
[Link] attachment
[Link] attachment
[Link] attachment *
Stretching or spreading of metal
by hammering
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
The ________ is the most common
of the standard tapers
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
The ability of metal to stretch,
bend or twist w/o breaking or
cracking is called..
[Link]
[Link]*
[Link]
[Link]
A fine grained salty silica rock
used for sharpening edge tools
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
Machining properties of steel
can be improved by adding..
[Link] nickel
[Link], aluminum, titanium
[Link] , lead, phosphorus *
[Link], aluminum
A ductile fracture is
characterized by
[Link] plastic
deformation prior to
propagation of crack *
[Link] in more than two
pieces
[Link] deformation
[Link] rate for crack
propagation
Tool can be hardened by
[Link]
[Link] hard
[Link] *
[Link]
The purpose of tempering is to
make metal
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] brittle*
[Link] brittle
A scriber is made of
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
It is a process of shearing in
which sheet or plate is cut
out to a definite outline in a
press.
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
It is the characteristic of
exhibiting different
properties when tested in
different directions
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
It is one which specimen
supported at both ends as a
simple beam is broken by the
impact strength..
[Link] test *
[Link] test
[Link] test
[Link] test
Which of the following metals
has the highest specific heat
capacity of 100ºC
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Which of the following types of
packing would be used in steam
joints?
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
d.A or C *
The process applied to iron pipe
which retards corrosion, is
called
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
A scriber is made from what
metal..
[Link] steel
[Link] rolled steel
[Link] steel *
[Link] rolled steel
The best file to use when
finishing sharp corners or
slots and grooves
[Link] file
[Link] file *
[Link] file
[Link] file
Never use file
[Link] is dirty
[Link] a tang
[Link] a handle *
[Link] oiling
Which of the following
information is necessary in
ordering a file
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] of teeth
[Link] of the above *
When filling a piece of metal in
a lathe if short quick strokes
are used the finished piece
will probably
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Finishing off a piece of metal
with a real smooth finish can
be done by
[Link] filling *
[Link] filling
[Link] filling
[Link] filling
For finishing a piece of work to
size the file to use is the..
[Link] file
[Link] cut fine file
[Link] file
[Link] cut fine file *
For filling lead or babbit, use
a
[Link] tubing
[Link]
[Link] metal under 18 gage
[Link] of the above *
A coolant is usually used when
cutting material in power
hacksaw to
[Link]
[Link] iron
[Link] iron
[Link] of the above *
When cutting a long thin piece
of metal
[Link]
[Link] iron
[Link] wall tubing *
[Link]
All hard hacksaw blade is best
suited for
[Link]
[Link] iron
[Link] steel
[Link] of the above *
A hacksaw blade with 14 TPI is
best suited for
[Link] position
[Link] position
[Link] position
[Link] position *
A hard hacksaw blade is one that
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] of the above *
When lathe tool bit burns, it
means that
[Link] cutting
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] of the above *
The jaw of standard vise is
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
When facing off a piece of
material in lathe chuck the
bit must be set _______.
[Link] center
[Link] the center *
[Link] the center
[Link] center
Before applying layout on a
piece, it must be
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Tool steel can be hardened by
[Link] acid
[Link] acid *
[Link] acid
[Link] acid
A flexible hacksaw blade has a
tendency to _________
[Link] easy
[Link] or run out of fine when
too much pressure is supplied*
[Link] too fast
[Link] on a slant
A pillar file is used for
_________
[Link] to end
[Link] to end
[Link] to end
[Link] to heel *
A pillar file has
[Link] gage
[Link] gage *
[Link] gage
[Link] gage
The tool used to check external
pipe threads is called
[Link] gage *
[Link] gage
[Link] gage
[Link] gage
The operation of truing a
grinding wheel is known as
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
The cutting angle on a drill for
mild steel should be
a.25º
b.69º
c.59º *
d.79º
Which of the following is not a
common drill shank?
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
Tapered shanks are used on a large
drill press so that
a.30 [Link]
[Link]
c.60 [Link] *
d.56 deg. angle
Center drilling is the operation
of
a.45
b.59*
c.65
d.50
If the cutting edges of the
drill are cut of different
angles ________
[Link] faster
[Link] its temper *
[Link] slower
[Link] cut
Soda added to water is used for
cooling instead of plain water
because
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
The name of shank use to drill
is
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
The tool used to cut thread on
pipe is called
[Link] tool
[Link] vise
[Link] stock *
[Link] thread
The instrument used to reshaped
a grinding wheel that is
grounded or cut of rounds is
called
[Link] cutter
[Link] aligner
[Link] emery
[Link] Dresser *
The instrument used to removed
old packing glands and
stuffing boxes
[Link] tools *
[Link] bills
[Link] box clearance
[Link] stuff
Before drilling a hole in a
pipe of metal it should be
[Link] punched *
[Link] with chalk
[Link]
[Link]
When measuring a drill for size,
measure across the
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
The size of drill is stamped on
______
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
The tool used for cleaning files
is called
[Link] cleaner
[Link] card *
[Link] oilstone
[Link]
Back rake angle for high speed
steel single point cutting
tool to machine free cutting
brass is
a.0 deg *
b.5 deg
c.30 deg
d.10 deg
A reamer is used to correct the
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link] force fit
An oversized hole is produced by
a drill if
[Link] material
[Link] material *
[Link] materials
[Link] materials
Twist drills are usually
considered suitable for
machining holes having a
length less than
[Link] materials
[Link] material *
[Link] hard materials
[Link] load materials
In quick return mechanism of
shaping machine , the ram
stroke length is proportional
to
[Link] length *
[Link] length
[Link] length
[Link] of the above
The usual ratio of forward and
return stroke I quick return
mechanism of shaping machine
is
a.2:1
b.4:3
c.3:2 *
d.5:2
The type and number of bearing
to be used for spindles of
machine depends on
[Link] of spindle
[Link] of cutter
[Link] on bearing *
[Link] of the above
The square head of combination
set is used for marking or
checking the engine is
a.50 deg
b.60 deg *
c.80 deg
d.70 deg
Angle plate is made of
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Generally spiral fluted reamer
has spirals of
[Link] hand
[Link] hand *
[Link]
[Link] of the above
In which screw thread the side =
width of space -0.5p
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
A stud is which
[Link]
b.G.I. steel
[Link] *
[Link] iron
Hardened steel parts have
[Link] grains *
[Link] grains
[Link] grains
[Link] grains
Concentricity of an outside
diameter can be checked by
[Link] caliper
[Link] micrometer
[Link] test indicator *
[Link] micrometer
Which gauge is used to check
internal threads
[Link] gauge
[Link] gauge
[Link] plug gauge *
[Link] of the above
In case of limit of plug gauge,
which size will not enter into
the hole
a.“GO” size
b.“Not GO” size*
c.“A and B” both
[Link] of the above
Limit gauge is made to the
______ sizes of the work to be
measured
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
Jig bushing are generally made
of
[Link] steel *
[Link] steel
[Link] iron
[Link] speed steel
Fixture clamps are generally
made of
[Link] steel
[Link] hardened mild steel *
[Link] speed steel
[Link] steel
When an external gear is meshed
with the internal gear , the
gears will rotate in
[Link] direction *
[Link] direction
[Link] not rotate
[Link] of the above
Usual ratio of soluble oil and
water used in coolant is
a.20:1
b.1:20 *
c.10:1
d.1:10
in internal cylindrical grinding
, the grinding wheel and work
rotate in
[Link] direction
[Link] direction *
[Link] A or B
[Link] A and B
For grinding materials having
low tensile strength which
abrasive is used
[Link] carbide*
[Link] oxide
[Link]
[Link]
Which center is used for
supporting open end of pipes,
shells, etc., while turning or
thread cutting
[Link] center
[Link] center *
[Link] center
[Link] center
Included angle of dead center is
a.60 deg*
b.45 deg
c.65 deg
d.90 deg
Angle of B.A screw thread is
a.90
b.47.5 *
c.60
d.45
Main alloying element of HSS is
[Link]
[Link] iron
[Link] *
[Link] steel
For accurate measurement of
bores, the best instrument is
[Link] caliper
[Link] gage
[Link] indicator
[Link] micrometer *
In hydraulic driven shaper, the
metal is removed at
[Link] speed
[Link] speed *
[Link] speed
[Link] of the above
In shaper machine, the cutting
speed (metric) is expressed as
a.m/s
b.m/min *
c.m/ hr
[Link] of the above
Amount of automatic load in
shaper is increased by taking
the crank pin
[Link]/stoke *
b.m/stoke
[Link]/revolution
[Link] of the above
For cutting gear teeth in shaper
, the _____ tool is used.
a.“V” block
[Link] tool *
[Link]
[Link] nose
The standard ratio of cutting
tool in return stroke in shape
is
a.3:1
b.1:3
c.3:2 *
d.4:2
The feed in the shaper takes
place at
[Link]
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link] of the above
The clamping block is used to
support the end of the strap
is made of
[Link] *
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] iron
Divide table planer has:
[Link] table
[Link] tables *
[Link] housing
[Link] housing
A planer which has a cutting
tool in or both stroke in is
a)T = 20/N
b)T = N/40
c)T =40/N *
d)T = N/20
In standard dividing head the
ratio between worm wheel and
the worm
a.40:1*
b.20:1
c.1:40
d.10:1