D”P gva¨wgK ● K…wlwkÿv (cÖ_g cÎ) ● Aa¨vqwfwËK m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi

PZz_© Aa¨vq : K…wl I Rjevqy

1. K…wlwk¶v K¬v‡m DQvqiv g¨vWvg e…wócvZ, Kyqvkv, N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jvP¨ welq¸‡jv n‡jv e…wócvZ, Kyqvkv,
ZvcgvÎv, ZylvicvZ BZ¨vw` wb‡q Av‡jvPbv ZvcgvÎv, ZylvicvZ| D³ welq¸‡jv K…wli Dci †h
KiwQ‡jb| GK ch©v‡q g¨vWvg ej‡jb, G mg¯Í welq f~wgKv iv‡L Zv wb‡P we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv-
Dw™¢` I cªvYxi Dci e¨vcK f~wgKv iv‡L| e…wócvZ : dm‡ji exR MRv‡bv †_‡K ïiæ K‡i dmj
K. K…wlFZy Kx? msMªn ch©šÍ e…wócvZ cªfve we¯Ívi K‡i| Rwg
L. fyÆv w`ev‰`N¨© wbi‡c¶ dmj †Kb? fv‡jvfv‡e Pv‡li Rb¨ gvwUi †Rv _vKv cª‡qvRb,
M. DQvqiv g¨vWv‡gi Av‡jvPbv Øviv Kx wb‡`©k e…wócvZ gvwU‡K †mB Ae¯’vq G‡b †`q| dmj
K‡i- e¨vL¨v Ki| Drcv`‡bi mgq cwiwgZ e…wócvZ n‡j me ai‡bi
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jvP¨ welq¸‡jv K…wli Dci †Kgb dmj fv‡jv nq|
f~wgKv iv‡L- we‡kølY Ki| Kyqvkv : hLb Rjxqev®ú †ewk gvÎvq Nbxf~Z n‡q ¶y`ª
1 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi ¶y`ª cvwb KYvi AvKv‡i c…w_exc…‡ôi Dci fvm‡Z
K. AvenvIqv I Rjevqyi cªfve Ges dmj Rb¥v‡bvi _v‡K ZLb G‡K Kyqvkv e‡j| Kyqvkvi mgq Av`ª©Zv
mg‡qi K_v we‡ePbv K‡i cªwZ eQ‡ii R‡b¨ km¨ cªvq 100% nq| Z‡e Gi †ewk Av`ª©Zv †hvM n‡j
Drcv`‡bi mgq‡K wewfbœ †gŠmy‡g fvM KivB n‡jv e…wócvZ nq| Kyqvkvi mv‡_ ZvcgvÎv e…w× †c‡j A‡bK
K…wlFZy| dm‡ji †ivM I †cvKvgvK‡oi AvµgY †e‡o hvq
L. †hme Dw™¢‡`i dyj avi‡Yi Dci w`b-iv‡Zi ˆ`‡N¨©i (Avjy, wkg, mwilv cªf…wZ)|
†Kv‡bv cªfve †bB †m¸‡jvB w`em wbi‡c¶ Dw™¢`| ZvcgvÎv : dmj dj‡bi Dci ZvcgvÎvi cªfve Lye
fyÆv eQ‡ii †h‡Kv‡bv mgq dyj aviY Ki‡Z cv‡i| †ewk| dm‡ji Rxeb P‡µi Dci ZvcgvÎvi cªfv‡ei
w`‡bi Av‡jvK mgq G‡`i dyj avi‡Y †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Kvi‡Y wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wewfbœ dmj fv‡jv nq| wewfbœ
evavi m…wó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| cª‡qvRbxq ˆ`wnK e…w× dm‡ji dyj I dj avi‡Yi mgq Dc‡hvMx ZvcgvÎvi
n‡jB fyÆv dyj †`q| mviv eQiB Gi Pvl Kiv hvq | cª‡qvRb| Kg‡ewk ZvcgvÎvq dyj I dj aviY e¨vnZ
Gme Kvi‡YB fyÆv w`ev‰`N¨© wbi‡c¶ Dw™¢`| nq| `w¶Y cwðg †gŠmywg evqyi cÖfv‡e evsjv‡`‡k
M. DQvqiv g¨vWv‡gi Av‡jvPbv Øviv 'K…wl Rjevqy' wb‡`©k Mªx®§Kv‡j ZvcgvÎv M‡o 30-35° †m. _v‡K, hv dmj
K‡i| wb‡P K…wl Rjevqy m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv- djv‡bvi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ Dc‡hvMx, kxZKv‡j dm‡ji
Rjevqyi ˆewkó¨ wbf©i K‡i †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó ¯’v‡bi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx Mo ZvcgvÎv n‡”Q 25°-30° †m.|
A¶vsk, mgy`ªc…ô †_‡K D”PZv, mgy`ª †_‡K `~iZ¡, ZylvicvZ : kxZcªavb †`‡k cªej kx‡Zi `iæb
evqycªevn, e…wócvZ, mgy`ª‡mªvZ, cvnvo I MvQcvjvi wkwkiwe›`y RgvU †eu‡a KwVb nq| G RgvU evuav wkwki
Ici| Rjevqyi Dcv`vbmg~n K…wl Drcv`‡bi Ici we›`y‡K Zylvi e‡j| ZylvicvZ k‡m¨i Rb¨ LyeB
cªfve we¯Ívi K‡i weavq G‡K K…wl Rjevqy e‡j| ZvB ¶wZKi| G‡`‡ki †Kv‡bv km¨B ZylvicvZ mn¨
MvQcvjv I K…wl Drcv`b †`‡LI †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡bi K…wl Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| kxZcªavb †`‡k ZylvicvZ mn¨ Ki‡Z
Rjevqy m¤ú‡K© aviYv cvIqv hvq| †`‡ki Rjevqy cv‡i Ggb me k‡m¨i RvZ cªRbb Øviv †ei Kiv
m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡j †m †`‡ki AvenvIqv m¤ú‡K© n‡q‡Q| Gm‡ei g‡a¨ Mg, he, Avjdv cªf…wZ k‡m¨i
Rvb‡Z nq| AvenvIqv ej‡Z †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡bi ZvcgvÎv, wewfbœ RvZ cªavb|
Av`ª©Zv, evqycªevn, m~h©v‡jvK, evqyi Pvc, Kyqvkv
cªf…wZi ˆ`wbK mvgwMªK Ae¯’v‡K †evSvq| †Kv‡bv 2. mvBdyj Bmjvg GKRb AwfÁ wk¶K| wZwb
GjvKvi K…wl e¨e¯’v †m GjvKvi AvenvIqv I Rjevqyi K…wlwk¶v K¬v‡m wk¶v`vbKv‡j QvÎQvÎx‡`i
Ici wbf©i K‡i| †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó ¯’v‡bi weMZ 20-25 evsjv‡`‡ki GKcªKvi we‡kl evqy m¤ú‡K© ej‡jb,
eQ‡ii Mo AvenvIqv‡K Rjevqy e‡j| †h‡Kv‡bv hvi cªfv‡e G †`‡k Mªx‡®§i mgq D”P ZvcgvÎv I fvix
¯’v‡bi K…wl Drcv`b †mB ¯’v‡bi Rjevqyi Ici wbf©i e…wócvZ nq| G evqyi Dci wbf©i K‡i wewfbœ †gŠmy‡g
K‡i| K…wli cªwZwU †¶‡Î Drcv`‡bi m‡½ Rjevqyi wewfbœ dmj R‡b¥|
cªZ¨¶ cªfve i‡q‡Q| †hgb- †gŠmywg evqyi cªfv‡e K. Rjevqy Kx?
cª‡qvRbxq mg‡q cwigvYg‡Zv e…wó n‡j Rwg‡Z AwaK L. Rjevqy `ªæZ cwieZ©b n‡”Q †Kb?
dmj Drcbœ nq|
 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ evqyi K…wl‡¶‡Î ¸iæZ¡ eY©bv w`‡bi ˆ`N¨© iv‡Zi ˆ`‡N¨©i mgvb ev †ewk| G †gŠmy‡g
Ki| cvU, wZj, WvUv, gyLxKPy, †Xuom, wPwP½v, wS½v,
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| Kijv, c‡Uvj, wgwó Kygov BZ¨vw` R‡b¥|
2 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi Lwid-2 †gŠmy‡g mvaviYZ e…wócvZ Lye †ewk nq| Zvc
K. †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó ¯’v‡bi weMZ K‡qK eQ‡ii Mo I evZv‡m Rjxq ev‡®úi cwigvY †ewk _v‡K| w`‡bi
AvenvIqv‡K Rjevqy e‡j| ˆ`N¨© iv‡Zi ˆ`‡N¨©i mgvb ev †ewk| G †gŠmy‡gi cªavb
L. Rjevqy `ªæZ cwieZ©‡bi cªavb KviY n‡”Q evqygЇji dmj n‡jv Avgb avb, KPy, Pvj Kygov, wPwP½v,
ZvcgvÎv e…w×| bMivqb, hvwš¿K mf¨Zv, KjKviLvbvi wS½v, ay›`j, Zvj, AvgjKx, Avbvim, Avgov,
cªmvi, R¡vjvwb †Zj I Kqjvi h‡_ó e¨envi, e…¶ †cqviv, bvex Rv‡Zi Avg, KvuVvj cªf…wZ|
wbab BZ¨vw`i Kvi‡Y evqygЇj wMªb nvDR M¨v‡mi m‡e©vcwi †gŠmywg evqyi Dci wbf©i K‡i wewfbœ †gŠmy‡g
cwigvY evo‡Q| d‡j evqygЇji ZvcgvÎv e…w×i mv‡_ wewfbœ dmj R‡b¥|
mv‡_ `ªæZ RjevqyiI cwieZ©b n‡”Q|
M. DÏxc‡K †gŠmywg Rjevqyi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| 3. Bgb †Uwjwfk‡b b¨vkbvj wRIMªvwd P¨v‡b‡j Rjevqy
K…wl‡¶‡Î †gŠmywg Rjevqyi ¸iæZ¡ wb‡P eY©bv Kiv cwieZ©‡bi Ici GKwU cªwZ‡e`b †`LwQj| †m Zvi
n‡jv- gv‡K wR‡Ám Kij †h, evsjv‡`‡k Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi
Avgv‡`i †`‡ki K…lK dmj Pvlvev` ïiæ K‡i †gŠmywg Kvi‡Y Kx nq? ZLb Zvi gv ej‡jb, Rjevqy
Rjevqy ïiæ n‡j| AvDk av‡bi exR I cv‡Ui ex‡Ri cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡k cªvK…wZK wech©q †`Lv
A¼y‡iv`Mg ïiæ nq gvP©-Gwcª‡j| Kj‡gi kvLv ev hvq, GgbwK K…wl‡¶‡ÎI Gi e¨vcK cªfve c‡o|
Kyuwo †Rvov jvMv †gŠmywg Rjevqyi Ici wbf©i K‡i| K. Av`ª©Zv Kx?
gv‡Qi wWg †Q‡o cªRbb KivI †gŠmywg Rjevqyi Ici L. ZylvicvZ ej‡Z Kx †evS?
wbf©ikxj| kxZKvjxb kvKmewR Pvl Kivi Rb¨ M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cwieZ©‡bi d‡j Mevw`cï I
†gŠmywg ˆkZ¨ evqyi cª‡qvRb nq| GB †gŠmywg ˆkZ¨ cvwL Kxfv‡e ¶wZMª¯Í nq Zv eY©bv Ki|
evqy Qvov dyjKwc, evuavKwc BZ¨vw` fv‡jv nq bv| N. Bg‡bi gv †h ai‡bi cwieZ©‡bi K_v ej‡jb,
¯^íw`emx Ges `xN©w`emx Dw™¢` Dchy³ Rjevqy Qvov K…wl‡¶‡Î Zvi cªfve we‡kølY Ki|
dyj †`q bv, d‡j djb fv‡jv nq bv| †ev‡iv †gŠmywg 3 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
MvQ mwVK ZvcgvÎv cvIqvi Rb¨ mwVK mg‡q †ivcY K. evqy‡Z Rjxqev‡®úi Dcw¯’wZ‡K Av`ª©Zv ejv nq|
Ki‡Z nq| cvnvwo A‡j Pv, ivevi I Ryg Pv‡l L. hw` f~c…ô I f~c…‡ô _vKv e¯Íymg~‡ni ZvcgvÎv 0 wWwMª
e…wócvZ `iKvi| Avgv‡`i †`‡k Mªx®§Kv‡j †ewk †mw›Uª‡Mª‡Wi wb‡P nq, Zvn‡j evZv‡m _vKv Rjxqev®ú
e…wócvZ nq| ZvB Pv, ivevi I Ryg BZ¨vw`i djbI Avi e…wó n‡q bvg‡Z cv‡i bv| ZLb evZv‡mi RjKYv
Rjevqyi Ici wbf©i K‡i| R‡g eid n‡q hvq I ¸uwo ¸uwo eid KyuwP n‡q f~c…‡ô
N. DÏxc‡K †gŠmywg Rjevqyi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †gŠmywg co‡Z _v‡K | G‡K ZLb ZylvicvZ e‡j| Zylvicv‡Z
Rjevqyi cªfv‡e wewfbœ †gŠmy‡g wewfbœ dmj R‡b¥| †Lvjv gv‡Vi dmj bó nq| Avevi, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv
wb‡P Zv we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv- dm‡ji Kyuwo ZylvicvZ bv n‡j †ei nq bv| †hgb-
dm‡ji `yB ai‡bi †gŠmyg i‡q‡Q| iwe †gŠmyg Ges Av‡cj|
Lwid †gŠmyg| †gŠmywg Rjevqyi cªfv‡e iwe †gŠmy‡gi M. Mevw`cïi Ici Rjevqyi cªfve :
ZvcgvÎv Kg _v‡K e…wócvZ Kg nq, evqyi Av`ªZv Kg i. Mevw`cïi †`‡ni ¯^vfvweK ZvcgvÎvi
_v‡K, S‡oi Avk¼v Kg _v‡K, eb¨vi Avk¼v Kg evqygЇji ZvcgvÎv AZ¨waK Kg ev †ewk n‡j
_v‡K Ges †ivM I †cvKvi AvµgY Kg nq| GRb¨ cïi ˆ`wnK e…w×, Lv`¨ MªnY, cªRbb, `ya
iwe †gŠmy‡gi Avjy, dyjKwc, evuavKwc, gyjv, MvRi, Drcv`b e¨vnZ nq|
jvD, wkg, IjKwc, †eªvKwj, kvjMg BZ¨vw` dmj ii. Mªx®§Kv‡j I el©vKv‡j ZvcgvÎv †e‡o †M‡j †`‡n
R‡b¥| cvwbk~b¨Zv †`Lv †`q, `ya Drcv`b K‡g hvq,
Avevi Lwid †gŠmy‡g w`b eo _v‡K Ges ZvcgvÎv †ewk cï fvievnx KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Mevw`cï
_v‡K| Lwid †gŠmyg `yB ai‡bi Lwid-1 Ges Lwid- wewfbœ †ivM Øviv AvµvšÍ nq|
2| Lwid-1 †gŠmy‡g gvSvwi e…wócvZ nq| G mgq Zvc iii. el©vKv‡j Av`ª©Zv evo‡j ewntciRxex Øviv
Lye †ewk Ges evZv‡m Rjxq ev‡®úi cwigvY gvSvwi Mevw`cï AvµvšÍ nq|
_v‡K| Kvj‰ekvLx I wkjve…wói Avk¼v †ewk _v‡K|
 iv. evqygЇji ZvcgvÎvi KvQvKvwQ Mevw`cïi L. dmj Drcv`‡b †gŠmywg e…wócv‡Zi cªfve e¨vL¨v
ˆ`wnK ZvcgvÎv _vK‡j Mevw`cïi ˆ`wnK e…w×, Ki|
cªRbb I `ya Drcv`b ¯^vfvweK _v‡K| M. Uv½vB‡j MZ eQi kxZKv‡j kvKmewRi djb
cvwLi Ici Rjevqyi cªfve : nªv‡mi KviY we‡kølY Ki|
i. ZvcgvÎv †e‡o †M‡j wWg Drcv`‡bi cwigvY N. K…wl m¤cÖmviY Awa`߇ii M…nxZ c`‡¶c
K‡g hvq| Ges wWg †QvU nq| Lvgv‡ii †fZi Kxfv‡e g~j¨vqb Ki|
wewfbœ M¨vm m…wó nq| 4 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
ii. ZvcgvÎv †ewk K‡g †M‡j M…ncvwjZ cvwLi K. c…w_ex Zvi wbR A‡¶ Nyi‡Z †h 24 NÈv mgq †bq Gi
†ivMevjvBmn wewfbœ mgm¨v nq| g‡a¨ †h As‡k hZUyKy Av‡jv cvq †mB mgq‡K e‡j
iii. e…wócvZ †ewk n‡j ZvcgvÎv K‡g wM‡q wWg w`em ˆ`N¨©|
Drcv`b K‡g hvq| L. dmj Drcv`‡b †gŠmywg e…wócv‡Zi `yB ai‡bi cªfve
iv. Av`ª©Zv †ewk n‡j gyiwMi Rb¨ wKQyUv ¶wZ nq| i‡q‡Q| wb‡P Zv e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv-
G mgq Lvgv‡i wewfbœ iKg M¨vm n‡q welv³Zv DcKvix cªfve : kvKmewR I d‡ji g‡a¨ mvaviYZ
m…wó n‡Z cv‡i| 60 70 fvM cvwb _v‡K| e…wói cvwb Mv‡Qi GB cvwbi
N. Rjevqyi cwieZ©‡bi d‡j K…wl‡¶‡Î †h cªfve c‡o Zv cªavb Drm| ZvB e…wócvZ bv n‡j djb fv‡jv n‡e
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv- bv|
wewfbœ ai‡bi dm‡ji Rb¨ Rjevqyi wewfbœ Dcv`vb ÿwZKi cªfve : dmj †Zvjvi c~‡e© e…wó n‡j
†hgb e…wócvZ, ZvcgvÎv, Av`ª©Zvi cªfve i‡q‡Q| msi¶‡Yi ¸Y gvivZ¥Kfv‡e K‡g hvq| e…wócv‡Zi
Mªx®§Kvjxb dmj avb, cvU, wjPy †cu‡c, Avbvim d‡j dyj I dj S‡o c‡i| ZvQvov e…wócv‡Zi Kvi‡Y
BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ 30-35° †m. ZvcgvÎv cª‡qvRb| civMvq‡b e¨vcK mgm¨v nq|
Avevi kxZKvjxb dm‡ji Rb¨ Mo ZvcgvÎv n‡”Q M. Uv½vB‡j MZ eQi ZvcgvÎv, e…wócvZ, Av`ª©Zv I
Av‡jvi ¶wZKi cªfv‡ei Kvi‡Y djb nªvm †c‡q‡Q|
25-30° †m.| Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi d‡j GB
wb‡P mewR Drcv`‡bi Ici ZvcgvÎv, e…wócvZ,
ZvcgvÎvi ZviZg¨ n‡j G mKj dmj Drcv`b
Av`ª©Zv I Av‡jvi ¶wZKi cªfve we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv-
e¨vnZ nq| dyj aivi Rb¨ Dchy³ ZvcgvÎv cª‡qvRb|
ZvcgvÎvi cªfve : ex‡Ri A¼y‡iv`Mg Dc‡hvMx
Av‡gi cy®ú gÄwi MV‡bi mgq ZvcgvÎv Kg _vK‡j
ZvcgvÎvq fv‡jv nq| m‡e©v”P Ges me©wbgœ ZvcgvÎvq
cyiæl dyj †ewk nq| Avevi ZvcgvÎv †ewk n‡j
A¼y‡iv`Mg nq bv| ZvQvov Dc‡hvMx ZvcgvÎvi
Dfwj½x dyj †ewk nq| kvKmewRi †¶‡Î ZvcgvÎv
evB‡i Mv‡Qi ˆ`wnK e…w× nq bv| G‡Z djb Kg nq|
10° †m. wb‡P n‡j MvQ VvÐvRwbZ ¶‡Z AvµvšÍ nq,
e…wócv‡Zi cªfve : e…wócv‡Zi Kvi‡Y dyj I dj S‡i
Gi d‡j djb Kg nq| Avevi †ewk e…wócvZ n‡j
c‡o, civMvqb nq bv, gvwUi wb‡Pi dm‡ji msi¶Y
ecbK…Z exR c‡P hvq| Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi gva¨‡g
gvb K‡g hvq Ges Rjve× n‡j Mv‡Qi wkKo A‡j
dmj cvKvi mgq †ewk e…wócvZ n‡j djb Kg nq|
Aw·‡Rb|NvUwZ n‡Z cv‡i, G‡Z djb Kg nq|
ZylvicvZ n‡j mwilvi Rve‡cvKv I Avjyi eøvBU †ivM
KL‡bv KL‡bv MvQ gvivI †h‡Z cv‡i|
e…w× cvq| mKj gvV dmjB AwZwi³ Kyqvkv, wkjve…wó
Av`ª©Zvi cªfve : Av`ª©Zv Kg _vK‡j cª‡¯^`b e…w× cvq|
I ZylvicvZ mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| AZGe ejv hvq
G‡Z cvwbi Afv‡e ˆ`wnK e…w× nq bv d‡j djb
†h, Rjevqy cwieZ©b K…wl‡¶‡Î A‡bK weiƒc cªfve
K‡g| Avevi Av`ª©Zv evo‡j cª‡¯^`b Kg nq G‡Z
we¯Ívi K‡i|
ˆ`wnK e…w× e¨vnZ nq|
4. Uv½vBj †Rjv MZ eQi kvKmewR Drcv`b j¶¨gvÎv Av‡jvi cªfve : Mv‡Qi †`‡n Lv`¨ I dyj ˆZwii Rb¨
Av‡jvi cª‡qvRb| cª‡qvR‡bi †P‡q Av‡jv Kg-‡ewk
AR©b K‡iwb| K…wl m¤cÖmviY Awa`߇ii AbymÜv‡b
n‡j djbI Kg-‡ewk nq|
†`Lv hvq, kxZKv‡j ZvcgvÎvi cªfv‡e kvKmewR
Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi, MZ eQi
Drcv`b e¨vnZ n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ K…wl m¤cÖmviY
Uv½vB‡j kvKmewR Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ K…wl Rjevqyi
Awa`ßi †ek wKQy c`‡¶c MªnY Kivq G eQi djb
Dcv`vb¸‡jv ch©vß cwigv‡Y wQj bv| ZvB djb c~‡e©i
fv‡jv n‡q‡Q|
K. w`ev ˆ`N¨© Kx? Zyjbvq nªvm cvq|
N. K…wl m¤cÖmviY Awa`ßi gvjwPs, †mP, cvwb †¯úª I dmj Drcv`‡bi Ici ZvcgvÎvi cªfv‡ei Kvi‡Y
mwVK mg‡q †ivc‡Yi c`‡¶c †bIqvq Drcv`b fv‡jv wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wewfbœ dmj fv‡jv nq| cªwZwU dmjB
nq| ZvB K…wl m¤cÖmviY Awa`߇ii M…nxZ c`‡¶c fv‡jv dj‡bi Rb¨ wbw`©ó ZvcgvÎv cª‡qvRb|
h_v_© wQj| wb‡P K…wl m¤cÖmviY Awa`߇ii M…nxZ Dc‡hvMx ZvcgvÎv Kg-†ewk n‡j djb fv‡jv nq bv|
c`‡¶c g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡jv- ZvcgvÎv evo‡j WvjRvZxq dm‡ji ˆ`wnK e…w× †ewk
K…wl m¤cÖmviY Awa`ßi exR A¼y‡iv`Mgb Kivi ci nq, wKš‘ civMvqb Kg nq|
ecb Kivi civgk© †`b| ZvQvov gvjwPs K‡i AwaK KL‡bv civMvqb nq, wKš‘ `vbv Acyó nq| ZvQvov
ZvcgvÎvi ¶wZKi cªfve †_‡K dmj‡K i¶v K‡ib| ZvcgvÎv evo‡j AvMvQv, †ivM I †cvKvgvKo ev‡o|
G‡Z djb e…w×i cvkvcvwk dm‡ji ¸YMZ gvb wVK G‡Z WvjRvZxq dmj †ewk AvµvšÍ nIqvq djb K‡g
_v‡K| K…wl m¤cÖmviY Awa`ßi Livi mgq †mP Ges hvq| ZvcgvÎvi c‡iB e…wócvZ Øviv WvjRvZxq dmj
cªej| e…wócv‡Zi mgq cvwb wb®‹vk‡bi c`‡ÿc †bb| cªfvweZ nq| †ewk e…wócvZ n‡j Rjve× n‡q
G‡Z mwVKfv‡e Mv‡Qi ˆ`wnK e…w× nq, d‡j djb WvjRvZxq dmj gviv hvq| WvjRvZxq dm‡j dyj
fv‡jv nq| K…wl m¤cÖmviY Awa`ßi Av`ª©Zvi gvÎv Avmvi mgq Kyqvkv co‡j GwU Rve‡cvKv I wewfbœ
mwVK ivLvi Rb¨ cvwb †¯úª c`‡¶c †bb| G‡Z Mv‡Qi †ivM Øviv AvµvšÍ nq| †ewk Av`ª©ZvI Wvj RvZxq
cª‡¯^`‡bi fvimvg¨ i¶v cvq| d‡j Mv‡Qi ˆ`wnK e…w× dm‡ji Rb¨ ¶wZKi|
e¨vnZ nq bv| G‡Z djb fv‡jv nq| ZvQvov mwVK N. gwZb Wv‡ji `vbv Acyó I †cvKv Øviv AvµvšÍ nIqvq
mg‡q MvQ †ivcY Ki‡j| mwVK Av‡jv cvIqv hvq| Wv‡ji Rwg‡Z Avjyi Pvl K‡i| wb‡P Wv‡ji Rwg‡Z
G‡Z djb fv‡jv nq| myZivs ejv hvq, K…wl Avjy Pvl Kivi KviY e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv-
m¤cÖmviY Awa`ßi c`‡¶c MªnY K‡i djb nªvm w`‡bi ZvcgvÎv †ewk n‡j AvjyMvQ mv‡jvKms‡kølY
cªwZ‡iva Ki‡Z m¶g nb| cªwµqvq †ewk Lv`¨ ˆZwi K‡i| iv‡Z GB Lv`¨ K‡›`
Rgv nq| G‡Z K›` e…w× cvq, d‡j djb ev‡o|
5. mviv †`‡k Rjevqyi Kvi‡Y WvjRvZxq k‡m¨i Avev` Avevi †ewk ZvcgvÎv dm‡ji civMvqb e¨vnZ K‡i
I Drcv`b K‡g †M‡Q| KviY wn‡m‡e WvjPvwl gwZb djb Kgvq| wKš‘ Avjyi dj‡bi Rb¨ civMvq‡bi
e‡jb- Wvj| Pvl Ki‡j ïay MvQ eo nq `vbv nq bv, `iKvi nq bv| ZvB †ewk ZvcgvÎv Avjyi djb
KL‡bv `vbv cyó nq bv I †cvKv †ivM Øviv AvµvšÍ nq| Kgv‡Z cv‡i bv| Kg ZvcgvÎvq Avjy wewfbœ AvMvQv,
GRb¨ Wv‡ji Rwg‡Z GLb Avjy Drcv`b Ki‡Q| Avjy †ivM I †cvKvgvKo Øviv AvµvšÍ n‡jI †ewk
Pvl K‡i gwZb mdj n‡q‡Qb? ZvcgvÎvq †Zgb AvµvšÍ nq bv| AwaK e…wócvZ n‡jI
K. K…wl Rjevqy Kx? Avjyi Rwg †_‡K cvwb Lye mn‡RB wb®‹vkb K‡i
L. dmj Drcv`‡b †gŠmywg Rjevqy †Kgb cªfve mdjfv‡e Avjy Drcv`b Kiv hvq| AwaK e…wócvZ
†d‡j e¨vL¨v Ki| Wvj dm‡ji civMvqb e¨vnZ K‡i djb Kgvq, wKš‘
M. Wvj Pv‡li e¨vcv‡i gwZ‡bi e³e¨ we‡kølY Ki| Avjyi dj‡bi Rb¨ civMvq‡bi cª‡qvRb nq bv|
N. Wv‡ji cwie‡Z© Avjy Pvl Kivi KviY we‡kølY ZvQvov Avjyi djb AvjyMv‡Qi dy‡ji Ici wbf©i K‡i
Ki| bv| d‡j AwaK Kyqvkvq Rve‡cvKv I wewfbœ †ivM Øviv
5 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi dj‡bi ¶wZ nq bv| ZvB gwZb Wv‡ji cwie‡Z© Avjy
K. †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡bi K…wli m‡½ RwoZ `xN© mg‡qi Mo Pvl K‡ib|
AvenvIqv‡K K…wl Rjevqy e‡j|
L. dmj Drcv`‡b †gŠmywg Rjevqyi cªZ¨¶ cªfve 6. K‡j‡Ri K…wl wk¶K Lye ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q GKv`k †kªwY‡Z
i‡q‡Q| avb, cvU, AvL, Pv BZ¨vw` dmj Drcv`‡bi 'dm‡ji w`ev ˆ`N¨©' cov‡”Qb| D³ K¬v‡mi QvÎ
Rb¨ AwaK ZvcgvÎv, e…wócvZ I Av`ª©Zvi cª‡qvRb| K…l‡Ki †Q‡j iwng wk¶K‡K cªkœ Ki‡jb, 'dmj
Avevi Wvj, †ZjexR, Avjy, wcuqvR, imyb cªf…wZ Drcv`‡b Av‡jvi ¸iæZ¡ †Kgb?' K…wl wk¶K wewfbœ
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ mvgvb¨ ZvcgvÎv I e…wócv‡Zi dm‡ji dyj †dvUvi Dci w`‡bi ˆ`‡N¨©i †kªwY e¨vL¨v
cª‡qvRb| ZvB kxZKv‡j kvKmewR, †Zj exR, Avjy, w`‡jb|
wcuqvR, imyb fv‡jv R‡b¥| GQvovI dm‡ji djb I K. †gŠmywg Rjevqy Kx?
¸YMZ gvb †gŠmywg Rjevqyi Dci wbf©ikxj| L. evsjv‡`‡k †gŠmywg Rjevqyi ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki|
M. wb‡P Wvj Pv‡li e¨vcv‡i gwZ‡bi e³e¨ we‡kølY Kiv M. K…wl wk¶K dm‡ji w`ev ˆ`‡N¨©i welqwU
n‡jv- Kxfv‡e e¨vL¨v w`‡jb we‡kølY Ki|
 N. QvÎ iwn‡gi DÏxc‡Ki cªkœ Kivi †hŠw³KZv P‡j hvq| e…wói cvwb ïwK‡q mvi cª‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
we‡kølY Ki| K…wl wk¶K e‡jb, dmj KvUvi ci dmj cªwµqvRvZ
6 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi Kivi Rb¨ †iv‡`i cª‡qvRb| †iv` bv _vK‡j gvovB-
K. wewfbœ mg‡q ev wewfbœ FZy‡Z wewfbœ iKg evqycªev‡ni SvovB Kiv hv‡e bv| ZvB dmj msMªn †iv‡`i Ici
Øviv m…ó Rjevqy‡K †gŠmywg Rjevqy e‡j| wbf©i K‡i| d‡j iwng dmj msMª‡ni mwVK mgq
L. evsjv‡`‡k †gŠmywg Rjevqyi ˆewkó¨ wb‡P e¨vL¨v Kiv Rvb‡Z cv‡i| K…wl wk¶K AviI e‡jb, dj I ebR
n‡jv- e…‡¶i Pviv †ivcY Ki‡Z n‡e el©vi ïiæ‡Z| Ab¨_vq
Mªx®§Kv‡j `w¶Y-cwðg w`K †_‡K evqy cªevwnZ nq| Pviv gviv hv‡e| G mgq Rjevqy †ewk Av`ª© nq, d‡j
GB evqy e‡½vcmvM‡ii Rjxq ev®ú enb K‡i, hv Pviv `ªæZ gvwUi m‡½ †j‡M hvq| iwng K…wl wk¶K‡K
Nbxf~Z n‡q e…wócvZ nq| kxZKv‡j DËi-c~e© w`K cªkœ K‡i Gme welq Rvb‡Z cv‡i| ZvB iwn‡gi cªkœ
†_‡K evqy cªevwnZ nq| GB evqy Dˇii wngvjq ce©Z Kiv †hŠw³K wQj|
†_‡K kxZj n‡q cªevwnZ nq| ZvB †`‡k kxZ c‡o|
M. K…wl wk¶K dm‡ji w`ev ˆ`‡N¨©i †kªwY e¨vL¨v w`‡jb| 7. wjweqvi wKQy GjvKvq eQ‡ii me©wbgœ ZvcgvÎv 36
wb‡P Zv we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv- wWwMª †mjwmqvm| GRb¨ mvaviY Rwg‡Z U‡g‡Uv Pvl
1. ¯^í w`em dmj : †hme dm‡ji cy®úvq‡bi Rb¨ Kiv hvq bv| ZvB MªxY nvD‡Ri †fZi ZvcgvÎv I
¯^íKvjxb mgqe¨vcx w`ev‡jvK cª‡qvRb nq, Av`ª©Zv wbqš¿Y K‡i U‡g‡Uv Pvl Kiv nq| G‡Z
†mme dmj‡K ¯^í w`em dmj e‡j| †hgb- Drcv`b LiP A‡bK †ewk nq| Z‡e Ab¨ †`k †_‡K
Avgb avb, cvU, mwilv, ZvgvK, mqvweb, U‡g‡Uv Avg`vwb Ki‡j LiP Kg nq|
Wvwjqv, kY, Aono, P›`ªgwjøKv BZ¨vw`| K. d‡UvwcwiqW Kx?
mvaviY Gme dm‡ji dyj Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ 12 L. dmj Drcv`‡b ZvcgvÎv nªvm e…w×i ¸iæZ¡
NÈvi Kg (8-12 NÈv) w`ev‡jv‡Ki cª‡qvRb| e¨vL¨v Ki|
¯^í w`em dm‡ji †¶‡Î w`b A‡c¶v ivZ †ewk M. wMªb nvD‡mi wfZi U‡g‡Uv Pv‡li Dc‡hvMx
¸iæZ¡c~Y©| ZvcgvÎv Av`ª©Zv we‡kølY Ki|
2. `xN© w`em dmj : †hme dm‡ji cy®úvq‡bi Rb¨ N. wjweqvq wMªb nvD‡mi wfZi U‡g‡Uv Pv‡li
`xN© w`ev‡jv‡Ki cª‡qvRb nq, †mme dmj‡K Dc‡hvwMZv we‡kølY Ki|
`xN© w`em dmj e‡j| †hgb- Mg, evwj©, 7 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
evuavKwc, gyjv, cvjs, †jUym, Avjy, weU BZ¨vw` K. Dw™¢‡`i cy®úavi‡Yi Rb¨ w`ev‡jv‡Ki wbw`©ó
`xN© w`em dmj| mvaviYZ Gme dm‡ji dyj mgqKvjB n‡”Q d‡UvwcwiqW|
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ ˆ`wbK 12 NÈvi †ewk w`ev L. dmj Drcv`‡b ZvcgvÎv nªvm-e…w×i ¸iæZ¡ i‡q‡Q|
ˆ`‡N¨©i cª‡qvRb| Dc‡hvMx ZvcgvÎvi Kg-‡ewk n‡j djb fv‡jv nq
3. w`em wbi‡c¶ dmj : †hme dm‡ji cy®úvq‡bi bv| ZvcgvÎv evov‡j Wvj RvZxq dm‡ji ˆ`wnK e…w×
Rb¨ w`ev ˆ`‡N¨©i †Kv‡bv cªfve c‡o bv †mme †ewk nq, `vbv Acyó nq, civMvqb Kg nq d‡j djb
dmj‡K w`em wbi‡c¶ dmj e‡j| †hgb- Kg nq| gvV dm‡j ZvcgvÎv Kg n‡j djb Kg nq|
fyÆv, kmv, m~h©gyLx, †`vcvwU, †cu‡c, U‡g‡Uv, Avevi av‡bi †ekwKQy Rv‡Z kxl †ei nIqvi mgq D”P
Avjy, Zyjv, wgwóKygov BZ¨vw` w`em wbi‡c¶ ZvcgvÎv _vKvq eܨZ¡ Av‡m|
dmj| M. wjweqvq ZvcgvÎv A‡bK †ewk| GRb¨ mvaviY Rwg‡Z
N. D`¨vb dmj, gvV dmj, Mevw`cï I nvum-gyiwM U‡g‡Uv Pvl Kiv hvq bv| U‡g‡Uv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Kg
Drcv`b Rjevqyi wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi Ici wbf©ikxj| ZvcgvÎv cª‡qvRb| ZvcgvÎv M‡o 10° †m. †_‡K 25°
GB Dcv`vb wewfbœ †gŠmy‡g cwieZ©b n‡q dm‡ji Ici †m. Gi g‡a¨ mxgve× _vK‡j U‡g‡Uv Drcv`b Kiv
cªfve †d‡j| ZvB iwn‡gi cªkœ †hŠw³K wQj| hvq| U‡g‡Uv Pv‡li Rb¨ evZv‡mi Av`ª©ZvI Kg
iwng K…wl wk¶K‡K cªkœ K‡i Rvb‡Z cv‡ib †h, _vK‡Z nq| U‡g‡Uv ex‡Ri A¼z‡iv`Mg ZvcgvÎvi
†gŠmywg Rjevqyi Ici wbf©i K‡i exR ecb, Pviv Dci wbf©ikxj| 25° †m. ZvcgvÎvq 6-7 w`‡bi g‡a¨
†ivcY Ki‡Z nq| e…wócvZ, evqyi ZvcgvÎv I Av`ª©Zvi U‡g‡Uv ex‡Ri A¼y‡iv`Mg N‡U| wKš‘ ZvcgvÎv 12-
wfwˇZ ecb mgq cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nq| Ab¨_vq exR 13° †m.-G †cŠuQv‡j ex‡Ri A¼y‡iv`Mg n‡Z 12 w`b
MRv‡e bv| iwng AviI Rvb‡Z cv‡i, e…wócv‡Zi Av‡M mgq jv‡M| U‡g‡Uvi A½R e…wׇZI ZvcgvÎvi cªfve
mvi cª‡qvM Kiv hv‡e bv, G‡Z e…wói cvwbi m‡½ mvi
 i‡q‡Q| U‡g‡Uvi dyj I dj Drcv`‡bI ZvcgvÎvi †ev‡iv avb Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ iv‡Zi ˆ`N¨© †QvU Ges
cªfve i‡q‡Q| wjweqvq evB‡ii ZvcgvÎv †ewk nIqvq w`‡bi ˆ`N¨© eo cª‡qvRb| †ev‡iv av‡bi †¶‡Î 12
wMªb nvD‡mi †fZi Kg ZvcgvÎv †i‡L U‡g‡Uvi Pvl NÈv A_ev Zvi AwaK w`em ˆ`‡N¨© dyj aviY K‡i|
Kiv nq| iwng †ewk eq‡mi Pviv †ivcY K‡ib Ges †h mg‡q
N. wjweqvq ZvcgvÎv A‡bK †ewk| ZvB wMªb nvD‡mi †ev‡iv av‡bi Pviv †ivcY K‡ib ZLb w`‡bi ˆ`N¨© †ewk
†fZi ZvcgvÎv I Av`ª©Zv wbqš¿Y K‡i U‡g‡Uv Pvl Kiv wQj| Pviv eo nIqvi Kvi‡Y Ges w`‡bi ˆ`N¨© †ewk
nq| wjweqvq wMªb nvD‡mi †fZi U‡g‡Uv Pv‡li nIqvi Kvi‡Y †ev‡iv av‡b `ªæZ dyj a‡i|
Dc‡hvwMZv wb‡P we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv- N. iwng Zvi Rwg‡Z †ev‡iv avb Pvl K‡ib| †m †ewk
U‡g‡Uv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Kg ZvcgvÎvi cª‡qvRb| eq‡mi Pviv †ivcY K‡ib| †ev‡iv avb `xN©w`emx
†ewk ZvcgvÎvq U‡g‡Uvi A¼y‡iv`Mg I A½R e…w× nq Dw™¢` Ges †ewk eq‡mi Pviv †ivcY Kivi Kvi‡Y
bv| ZvB Mªxb nvD‡Ri g‡a¨ wbqwš¿Z ZvcgvÎv †i‡L †ev‡iv av‡b `ªæZ dyj Av‡m| G‡Z K‡i av‡bi Drcv`b
U‡g‡Uv Pvl Kiv nq| wKš‘ G‡Z A‡bK LiP nq| Kg n‡e| ZvB iwn‡gi cªwZ‡ewk K…lK Zv‡K Mv‡Qi
Gfv‡e wMªb nvD‡mi g‡a¨ U‡g‡Uv Pvl Kivi †_‡K †Mvov †f‡O w`‡Z e‡jb A_ev Ab¨ dmj Pvl Ki‡Z
we‡`k †_‡K U‡g‡Uv Avg`vwb Kiv jvfRbK| ej‡jb| avb Mv‡Qi †Mvov †f‡O w`‡j MvQ bó n‡q
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, wjweqvq mvaviY Rwg U‡g‡Uv hv‡e| d‡j H RvqMvq Ab¨ dmj Pvl Kiv hv‡e|
Pv‡li Abyc‡hvMx| wKš‘ wbqwš¿Z ZvcgvÎvq I Av`ª©Zvq †h‡nZy av‡bi djb fv‡jv n‡e bv †m‡nZy Ab¨ dmj
wMªb nvD‡mi g‡a¨ Zv m¤¢e| Pvl K‡i iwng jvfevb n‡Z cv‡ib| dmj Pvl Kivi
mgq Aek¨B w`‡bi ˆ`‡N¨©i w`‡K †Lqvj ivLv DwPZ|
8. iwn‡gi Rwg‡Z †ev‡iv Pviv †ivc‡Yi GKgvm cviB KviY w`‡bi ˆ`N©¨ Kg ev †ewk n‡j A‡bK Dw™¢`B
†_vo G‡m dyj aivq wZwb wPwšÍZ n‡q c‡o‡Qb| wZwb dyj a‡i bv| d‡j Dw™¢‡`i cy®úvqb nq bv| G‡Z K‡i
K…wl Kg©KZ©v Rvwn`yj nvmv‡bi kiYvcbœ n‡j †ewk K…lK dmj Drcv`b K‡i jvfevb nq bv|
eq‡mi Pviv wej‡¤^ †ivc‡Yi KviY wPwýZ K‡ib Ges ZvB cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, iwn‡gi cªwZ‡ekxi civgk©
e‡jb, av‡bi djb Lye Kg n‡e| cªwZ‡ekx K…lK Abyhvqx †ev‡iv av‡bi Mv‡Qi †Mvov †f‡O w`‡q Ab¨
avbMv‡Qi †Mvov †f‡O w`‡Z ej‡jb A_ev Ab¨ dmj dmj Pvl Kiv Aek¨B hyw³hy³|
Pvl Ki‡Z ej‡jb|
K. Av‡jvK ˆ`‡N¨©i Dci av‡bi †kªwY †jL| 9. Rjevqyi weiƒc cªfv‡ei Kvi‡Y wm‡j‡Ui †gvni Avjx
L. Av‡jvK ms‡e`bkxj Dw™¢`¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Zyjbv km¨| Drcv`b j¶¨gvÎv AR©Y Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| Zvi
e¨vL¨v Ki| GjvKvq AwZe…wói Kvi‡Y Rjve×Zv m…wó n‡q dmj
M. iwn‡gi Rwgi †ev‡iv av‡b `ªæZ dyj aivi KviY bó n‡Z e‡m‡Q|
e¨vL¨v Ki| K. Abve…wó Kv‡K e‡j?
N. K…wl Kg©KZ©vi wPwýZ KviY I cªwZ‡ekx K…l‡Ki L. Rjevqy ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
civg‡k©i †hŠw³KZv g~j¨vqb Ki| M. D³ Ae¯’vq dmj i¶vq Rb¨ †gvni Avjxi
8 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi KiYxq Kx? e¨vL¨v Ki|
K. Av‡jvK ˆ`‡N¨©i wfwˇZ wZb ai‡bi avb i‡q‡Q| h_v N. 'D³ Ae¯’v m…wói Kvi‡Y †gvni Avjxi GjvKvi
Av‡jv wbi‡c¶ avb, Lv‡Uv w`emx avb Ges eo w`emx g‡Zv evsjv‡`‡ki †ewkifvM GjvKvB bvbvfv‡e
avb| ¶wZMª¯Í nq' we‡kølY Ki|
L. Av‡jvK ms‡e`bkxj Dw™¢`¸‡jvi g‡a¨ eo w`‡bi 9 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
Dw™¢‡` w`‡bi ˆ`N¨© eo n‡j Ges ivZ †QvU n‡j dyj K. hw` ﮋ †gŠmy‡g GKUvbv 15 w`b ev Gi †ewk w`b e…wó
†dv‡U| wKš‘ †QvU w`‡bi Dw™¢‡` w`‡bi ˆ`N¨© †QvU Ges bv nq ZLb Zv‡K Abve…wó ejv nq|
ivZ eo n‡j dyj †dv‡U| Acic‡¶ w`b wbi‡c¶ L. †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡bi `xN© mg‡qi Mo AvenvIqv‡K Rjevqy
Dw™¢‡`i dyj †dvUvi †¶‡Î w`‡bi ˆ`‡N¨©i †Kv‡bv e‡j| GwU AvenvIqvi 20-30 eQ‡ii Mo Ae¯’v‡K
cªfve †bB| †evSvq| GwU wewfbœ †gŠmy‡g K…wlKvR‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i|
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †ev‡iv avb n‡jv `xN©w`emx Dw™¢`| †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡bi Rjevqy Kxiƒc n‡e, Zv wewfbœ wel‡qi
iwn‡gi Rwgi †ev‡iv av‡b `ªæZ dyj aivi KviY wb‡P Ici wbf©i K‡i| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jv-
e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv- A¶vsk, D”PZv, mgy`ª n‡Z `~iZ¡, evqycªev‡ni w`K,
e…wócvZ, mgy`ª‡mªvZ, gvwUi we‡klZ¡ BZ¨vw`|
M. †gvni Avjx cvwb wb®‹vkb K‡i Zvi GjvKvi dmj i¶v M. wigb †h c×wZ‡Z jeYv³Zv nªvm Ki‡Z Pvq Zv
Ki‡Z cv‡i| wb‡P Rjve× GjvKvi dmj i¶vq e¨vL¨v Ki|
KiYxq e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv- N. ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©vi †`Iqv mgvavb wig‡bi
evsjv‡`‡k Ryb †_‡K A‡±vei gvm ch©šÍ †ewk e…wócvZ GjvKvq KZUyKy MªnY‡hvM¨? gZvgZ `vI|
nq| G mgq KL‡bv KL‡bv GKUvbv K‡qKw`b 10 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
AwZe…wó nq| d‡j gvV-NvU I dmwj Rwg‡Z cvwb K. †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó mg‡q †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó ¯’v‡bi evqygЇj †h
R‡g hvq| G‡Z wKQy ¯’vb RjveÜ n‡q c‡o| cvnvwo Ae¯’v weivR K‡i, H Ae¯’v‡K †mB ¯’v‡bi D³ mg‡qi
X‡ji Kvi‡Y Rjve×Zvq nvIi A‡j †ev‡iv avb AvenvIqv e‡j|
cvKvi mgq Zwj‡q hvq| G Ae¯’vq Rwg †_‡K av‡bi L. ZvcgvÎv e…w×i d‡j c…w_ex‡Z ˆewk¦K DòZv e…w×
kxl †K‡U dmj msMªn Kiv hvq| evua †f‡O Rwgi cv‡”Q|
dmj bó nIqvi Avk¼v †`Lv w`‡j evua †givg‡Zi wewfbœ hvbevnb I KjKviLvbv n‡Z wbM©Z CO2,
`ªæZ e¨e¯’v wb‡q dmj i¶v Kiv hvq| wb®‹vk‡bi bvjv CO Ges SO2 cwi‡e‡ki ZvcgvÎv e…w× K‡i|
†K‡U Rjve× Rwg †_‡K cvwb †ei K‡i †`Iqvq e¨e¯’v MvQcvjv wba‡bi d‡j cwi‡e‡k O, Gi cwigvY K‡g
K‡i dmj i¶v Kiv hvq| AvMvg Rjve×Zvq †gvni hv‡”Q Ges CO, Gi cwigvY †e‡o hv‡”Q| d‡j
Avjxi GjvKvq Avgb †ivcY e¨vnZ n‡j eb¨vgy³ ˆewk¦K DòZv e…w× cv‡”Q|
GjvKvq Pviv Drcv`b K‡i Zvi GjvKvi cvwb †b‡g M. wigb gvjwPs K‡i cvwb msi¶Y K‡i Rwgi jeYv³Zv
†M‡j †ivc‡Yi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| Gfv‡eB †gvni nªvm Ki‡Z Pvq| wb‡P wig‡bi jeYv³Zv nªv‡mi c×wZ
Avjxi GjvKvq dmj i¶v Kiv hv‡e| e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv-
N. cªwZeQi †`‡ki 25 kZvsk Rwg eb¨vi Kvi‡Y wewfbœ gvwUi cvwb‡Z †mvwWqv‡gi gvÎv †e‡o †M‡j gvwUi
gvÎvq cøvweZ nq| Nb Nb eb¨vi Kvi‡Y K…lK‡`i jeYv³Zv †e‡o hvq| hw` gvwU‡Z †ewk cwigv‡Y cvwb
Ddkx Rv‡Zi cwie‡Z© ¯’vbxq Rv‡Zi dmj Pvl Ki‡Z _v‡K, Zvn‡j cvwb‡Z †mvwWqv‡gi NbZ¡ Kg‡e, G‡Z
nq, G‡Z djb K‡g| K·evRvi, PÆMªvg, mybvgMÄ, gvwUi jeYv³Zv nªvm cv‡e| ev®úxfe‡bi d‡j gvwU
wm‡jU, †b·Kvbv, bxjdvgvix BZ¨vw` †Rjv Xj †_‡K cvwb P‡j hvq, G‡Z gvwUi `ªe‡Y cvwbi cwigvY
eb¨vi wkKvi nq| cªvq cªwZeQi Gme A‡ji nvRvi K‡g, d‡j †mvwWqv‡gi cwigvY e…w× cvq| hw`
nvRvi GKi Rwgi cvKv †ev‡iv avb KZ©‡bi Av‡MB ev®úxfeb cªwZ‡iva Kiv hvq Z‡e gvwU‡Z cvwb a‡i
Xj eb¨vq ¶wZMª¯Í nq| †`‡ki DËi-c~e©v‡ji cªvq ivLv m¤¢e| gvwU‡Z cvwb a‡i ivLvi DËg Dcvq
Pvi nvRvi eM©wK‡jvwgUvi I `w¶Y-c~e©v‡ji GK gvjwPs Kiv| cwjw_b, LO A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q
nvRvi PvikZ eM©wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKv|G ai‡bi Xj gvwU‡K †X‡K gvwUi Av`ª©Zv i¶v Kiv‡K gvjwPs e‡j|
eb¨vcªeY| Nv‡m welwµqv m…wó nq, d‡j Mevw`cï ZvQvov gvwU Pvl K‡i Ic‡ii ¯Íi †f‡O w`‡q gvwUi
Amy¯’ n‡q c‡o| wKQy wKQy GjvKvq Nv‡mi Afve nq Av`ª©Zv i¶v Kiv hvq| Gfv‡e gvwUi Av`ª©Zv i¶vi
d‡j †Mv-Lv`¨ cvIqv hvq bv| gv‡V cvwb _vKvi Kvi‡Y gva¨‡g gvwUi `ªe‡Yi †mvwWqv‡gi, NbgvÎv Kwg‡q
cvwLivI Lvevi msMª‡ni ¯’vb bv †c‡q Lv`¨vfv‡e gviv gvwUi jeYv³Zv nªvm Kiv hvq|
hvq| Rjve×Zvi Rb¨ bZyb bZyb †ivMe¨vwai cªv`yf©ve N. jeYv³ GjvKvq jeYv³Zv mwnòy dmj mdjfv‡e
N‡U| we‡kl K‡i wewfbœ msµvgK †ivM I K…wgi Pvl Kiv m¤¢e| ZvB ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©vi †`Iqv
AvµgY e…w× cvq| G‡Z cwi‡ek A¯^v¯’¨Ki n‡q wewfbœ mgvavb MªnY‡hvM¨| wb‡P jeYv³ GjvKvq jeYv³Zv
GjvKv ¶wZMª¯Í nq| mwnòy dmj Pv‡li MªnY‡hvM¨Zv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv-
jeYv³ gvwU †_‡K dm‡ji Rb¨ cvwb msMªn Ki‡Z
10. wig‡bi evwo ei¸bv †Rjvq| Zvi GjvKvi Rwg¸‡jv Amyweav nq| gvwU‡Z jeYv³Zvi gvÎv †ewk n‡j dmj
jeYv³Zvi Øviv AvµvšÍ| cvwbi ev®úxfeb nªv‡mi Rb¥v‡Z cv‡i bv| Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y †`‡ki
gva¨‡g †m Zvi GjvKvq jeYv³Zv Kgv‡Z Pvq| `w¶Yv‡j DcK~jxq GjvKvq jeYv³Zvi gvÎv w`b
GRb¨ †m ¯’vbxq g…wËKv m¤ú` Dbœqb †K‡›`ª †M‡j w`b e…w× cv‡”Q| GRb¨ DcK~jxq GjvKvq jeYv³
†mLvbKvi ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©v Zv‡K e‡jb, Gi DËg mwnòy dmj ev dm‡ji Rv‡Zi D™¢e NUv‡Z n‡e|
mgvavb n‡Z cv‡i jeYv³Zv mwnòy dmj Pvl| DcK~jxq jeYv³ GjvKvq avb cªavb dmj| av‡bi
K. AvenvIqv Kv‡K e‡j? wKQy ¯’vbxq I DbœZ RvZ i‡q‡Q, hviv wewfbœ gvÎvq
L. ˆewk¦K DòZv †Kb e…w× cv‡”Q? jeYv³Zv mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| ¯’vbxq Rv‡Zi g‡a¨
i‡q‡Q hvZv, ivRvkvBj, KvRjkvBj, Mveyiv BZ¨vw`|
evsjv‡`k avb M‡elYv Bbw÷wUDU BwZg‡a¨ †ek wKQy
jeYv³Zv mwnòy Rv‡Zi avb D™¢veb K‡i‡Q| Gme
dmj jeYv³ GjvKvq mdjfv‡e Pvl Kiv hvq|
DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB, wig‡bi evwo
`w¶Yv‡ji ei¸bv †Rjvq †fŠ‡MvwjKfv‡e wig‡bi
GjvKvq w`b w`b dm‡ji Rwg‡Z jeYv³Zv e…w×
cv‡”Q| ZvB wig‡bi GjvKvq Ggb Rv‡Zi dmj
Drcv`b Ki‡Z n‡e, hv jeYv³Zv mwnòy| ZvB
ˆeÁvwbK Kg©KZ©vi †`Iqv mgvavb MªnY‡hvM¨|