Question:
"Cooperative Federalism is essential for India's development." Discuss. (15 Marks, 250 Words)
Introduction
Cooperative federalism refers to the collaborative functioning of the Union and States in policy
formulation and implementation. In a diverse country like India, it is crucial for inclusive and
balanced development.
Constitutional Dimension
Federal structure under Articles 245–263 promotes power-sharing.
Institutions like the GST Council strengthen Centre-State cooperation.
Economic Dimension
Coordinated fiscal policies improve resource allocation.
GST created a unified national market, boosting economic efficiency.
Governance Dimension
Centrally Sponsored Schemes require State participation.
Effective implementation of health, education, and welfare schemes depends on
cooperation.
Social Development Dimension
Poverty alleviation, nutrition, and healthcare require coordinated action.
Aspirational District Programme demonstrates cooperative governance.
Disaster Management Dimension
Joint response during pandemics, cyclones, and floods improves resilience.
Disaster management requires Centre-State institutional coordination.
Challenges
Fiscal disputes and demand for greater financial autonomy.
Political differences between Union and State governments.
Concerns over excessive centralization.
Way Forward
Strengthen Inter-State Council.
Enhance fiscal federalism and consultation mechanisms.
Promote competitive and cooperative federalism simultaneously.
Conclusion
Cooperative federalism is not merely a constitutional principle but a developmental necessity for
achieving inclusive growth and the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.