Discrete Mathematics - Week 3
1. Which of the following is/are statement(s)?
(a) He is very tall
(b) 127 is a prime number
(c) The course Joy of Computing is very Engaging
(d) Cardinality of A = {{1, 2}, 4, 17, {r}} is 4
(e) 5P2 is 10
Correct Answer: (b),(d)
Solution: All the options that are factual are statements
Lecture 70:- Introduction to Statements
2. They will not travel to Kurukshetra and they will not explore Aryavarta.
Negation of this statement is?
(a) They will travel to not Kurukshetra or they will explore Aryavarta.
(b) They will travel to Kurukshetra or they will not explore Aryavarta.
(c) They will travel to Kurukshetra or they will explore Aryavarta.
(d) They will travel to Kurukshetra and they will not explore Aryavarta.
Correct Answer: (c)
Solution: Check using Truthtable
Lecture 74: Negation Truthtable
3. If A is any statement, then which of the following is a tautology?
(a) A ∨ F
(b) A ∨ ¬A
(c) A ∧ F
(d) A ∧ T
Correct Answer: (b)
Solution: A ∨ ¬A is always true.
Lecture 95: Tautology, contradiction-part 1
4. Which of the following statement is logically equivalent to ¬(P → Q)?
(a) P ∧ ¬Q
(b) P ∧ (Q ∧ R)
(c) ¬(P ∧ ¬Q)
(d) ¬P ∨ Q
Correct Answer: (a)
Solution:
P Q ¬(P → Q) P ∧ ¬Q
T T F F
T F T T
F T F F
F F F F
Lecture 100: logical equivalence-part 1
5. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?
S1: If p → q, then ¬p → ¬q is converse of p → q
S2: If p → q, then ¬q → ¬p is contraposition of p → q
(a) S1 and S2
(b) S1
(c) S2
(d) Neither of the two
Correct Answer: (c)
Solution: If p → q, then ¬p → ¬q is inverse of p → q
If p → q, then ¬q → ¬p is contraposition of p → q
Lecture 90: Converse, Inverse and Contrapositive
6. Which of the following is/are True?
(a) p ∧ (¬p) is Tautology.
(b) p ∨ (¬p) is Contradiction.
(c) (P ∧ ¬Q) ∨ (Q ∧ ¬P ) is equivalent to (P ∨ Q) ∧ (¬P ∨ ¬Q)
(d) (P ∨ Q) ∧ (¬P ∨ ¬Q) is equivalent to P ∧ Q
(e) p ∨ (q ∧ r) ≡ (p ∨ q) ∧ (p ∨ r) shows distribution law.
Correct Answer: (c),(e)
Solution:
P Q ¬Q ¬P (P ∧ ¬Q) ∨ (Q ∧ ¬P ) (P ∨ Q) ∧ (¬P ∨ ¬Q)
T T F F F F
T F T F T T
F T F T T T
F F T T F F
Lecture 94:- Logical equivalence part 1
7. The following expression is a?
(P ∧ Q) ∧ (¬P ∨ ¬Q)
(a) Tautology
(b) Contradiction
(c) Both
(d) None
Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:
P Q (P ∧ Q) ∧ (¬P ∨ ¬Q)
T T F
T F F
F T F
F F F
Lecture 17: Problems on Permutations: 6:36
8. If ¬P ∨ Q is false then what are the values of P and Q respectively?
(a) T T
(b) F F
(c) T F
(d) F T
Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:
P Q ¬P ∨ Q
T T T
T F F
F T T
F F T
Lecture 74: Negation Truthtable
9. What is the logically equivalent statement for the expression: (P ∧ ¬Q) ∨ (¬P ∧ Q)
(a) P ∧ Q
(b) P ⊻ Q
(c) P ∨ Q
(d) P → Q
Correct Answer: (b)
Solution:
P Q (P ∧ ¬Q) ∨ (¬P ∧ Q)
T T F
T F T
F T T
F F F
Lecture 93: XOR operator-part 3
10. Given the following expressions, what can you infer?
p1
(p → q)1
(p → (q ∧ r))1
(a) r is true
(b) r is false
(c) Nothing can be concluded here
(d) q is true
Correct Answer: (a),(d)
Solution: Since p is true, and (p → q)1 is true, q must be true.
∵ p1
∵ (p1 → q 1 )1
As p and q are true and (p → (q ∧ r))1 ,
(q ∧ r) can be true only if r is true
i.e., (p1 → (q 1 ∧ r1 )1 )1
Therefore we can infer that q and r are true.
Lecture 114: rules of Inferences part-5