Class 11 Mathematics Formula Sheet
Class 11 Mathematics
Comprehensive Formula Sheet
Sparking Pathshala, Faridabad
Prepared by: Govind Mallik
1. Sets and Relations 3. Complex Numbers
Algebra & Polar Form
Set Theory √
z = a + ib where√i = −1, i2 = −1
De Morgan’s Laws: Modulus: |z| = a2 + b2
(A ∪ B)′ = A′ ∩ B ′ Conjugate: z̄ = a − ib
(A ∩ B)′ = A′ ∪ B ′ Polar Form: z = r(cos θ + i sin θ)
Cardinality: where r = |z| and θ = arg(z).
n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B)
n(A ∪ B ∪ C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) −
n(A ∩ B) − n(B ∩ C) − n(A ∩ C) +
n(A ∩ B ∩ C)
4. Permutations & Com-
binations
Counting Principles
Factorial: n! = n × (n − 1) × · · · × 1
2. Trigonometric Func- Permutations (Arrangements):
n n!
Pr = (n−r)!
tions
Combinations (Selections):
n n!
Cr = r!(n−r)!
Properties:
Identities n
Cr = n Cn−r
n
Cr + n Cr−1 = n+1 Cr
sin2 x + cos2 x = 1
1 + tan2 x = sec2 x
1 + cot2 x = csc2 x
Sum and Difference:
sin(A ± B) = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B
cos(A±B) = cos A cos B ∓sin A sin B
tan A±tan B
5. Binomial Theorem
tan(A ± B) = 1∓tan A tan B
Multiple Angles:
sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A = 1+tan 2 tan A Expansion
2A
2
cos 2A = cos A−sin A = 2 cos2 A−1
2
(a + b)n = nk=0 n Ck an−k bk
P
2A
cos 2A = 1 − 2 sin2 A = 1−tan1+tan2 A General Term:
2 tan A
tan 2A = 1−tan 2A Tr+1 = n Cr an−r br
Prepared by: Govind Mallik — Sparking Pathshala, Faridabad Page 1
Class 11 Mathematics Formula Sheet
6. Sequences and Series 8. Conic Sections
Standard Equations
Circle: (x − h)2 + (y − k)2 = r2
AP and GP Parabola: y 2 = 4ax (Focus at (a, 0))
2 2
Arithmetic Progression (AP): Ellipse: xa2 + yb2 = 1
nth term: an = a + (n − 1)d
q
2
Eccentricity e = 1 − ab 2
Sum to n terms: Sn = n2 [2a+(n−1)d] y2
x2
Geometric Progression (GP): Hyperbola: a2
− b2
=1
nth term: an = arn−1 n)
Sum to n terms: Sn = a(1−r 1−r
(if
r < 1)
a
9. Limits and Derivatives
Infinite GP Sum: S∞ = 1−r (for
|r| < 1) Calculus
Standard Limits:
n −an
limx→a xx−a = nan−1
limx→0 sinx x = 1 (x in radians)
x
limx→0 e x−1 = 1
Derivatives:
d
dx
(xn ) = nxn−1
Product Rule: (uv)′ = u′ v + uv ′
′ ′ ′
Quotient Rule: uv = u v−uv v2
7. Coordinate Geometry d
dx
d
(sin x) = cos x, dx (cos x) = − sin x
10. Statistics & Probabil-
Straight Lines
ity
Distance
p Formula:
(x2 − x1 )2 + (y2 − y1 )2 Formulas
Section Formula: P
mx2 +nx1 my2 +ny1 Mean: x̄ = nxi P
m+n
, m+n
Slope of a line: m = tan θ = xy22 −y 1 Variance (σ 2 ): n1 (xi − x̄)2
−x1
Equation of Line: Probability:
Point-Slope Form: y −y1 = m(x−x1 ) P (A ∪ B) = P (A) + P (B) − P (A ∩ B)
Slope-Intercept: y = mx + c For mutually exclusive events: P (A ∩
Intercept Form: xa + yb = 1 B) = 0
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