STRUCTURAL REPORT

FLUSH MOUNTED SOLAR STRUCTURE

DOCUMENT TITLE:

Structural Report

DOC. SIZE: A4 PAGE 1 OF 18 REV.

COMPANY JOB DOC. NO.:
0 Structural Report 12/11/2020 GA OSA OSA NO.
000
REV. DESCRIPTION DATE PRPD CHKD APPD JOB. NO.:
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 2 of 18

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 3

1.1 General Project Information ........................................................................................................ 3

1.2 Design Basis .............................................................................................................................................. 3

1.2.1 Structural Design ........................................................................................................................ 3

1.3 Structural Code Compliances and Standards ....................................................................................... 4

1.4 Material Specification .............................................................................................................................. 5
2 STRUCTURE ANALYSIS PARAMETERS .......................................................................... 6

Loads Considered in Project............................................................................................................... 6

Dead Loads ................................................................................................................................. 6

Wind Load Calculation.............................................................................................................. 6

Load Combinations List ....................................................................................................................10

Load combinations using strength design or (LRFD). ....................................................... 10

Load combinations using allowable stress design ASD. .................................................... 10

Serviceability Limitations ..................................................................................................................11

3 STRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN INPUT ........................................................... 12

SECTION PROPERTIES ...............................................................................................................12

STRUCTURE GEOMETRY AND LOAD INPUTS ................................................................13
4 STRUCTURE DESIGN OUTPUT ..................................................................................... 15

4.1 Tristar Site Design..................................................................................................................................15

 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 3 of 18

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 General Project Information

Project Title: Solico and Tristar Site - Solar Panel System

Description of the project:
▪ The project is a structure for accommodating flush mounted solar panels.
▪ There are 2 different sites where the system has been used which are Solico and Tristar.
1.2 Design Basis

1.2.1 Structural Design

The main considerations for the design of the structure should be follows:
a) Safety and stability
b) Functionality
c) To meet the demands of aesthetic conceived by the architect
d) Availability of material, equipment and expertise
e) Constructability and ease of maintenance
f) Durability

Below table shows the list of software used for generating this calculation report:
Software Name Description
STAAD Pro – V8i 3D FEM Software for Building Analysis and Design
AutoCAD Software for Drafting and Detailing
CFS Specialised Software for Cold formed steel section design
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 4 of 18

1.3 Structural Code Compliances and Standards

▪ Cold formed steel section has been designed in accordance with:

Cold Formed Steel Design Manual, 2002 Edition
AISI “American Iron and Steel Institute”
1000 16th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036

▪ Hot rolled section and built up sections have been designed in accordance with:
Manual of Steel Construction, 2005 Edition
AISC “American Institute of Steel Construction”
1 East Wacker Drive, Suite 3100, Chicago, Illinois 60601-2001

▪ Welding has been applied in accordance with:

Manual of Steel Construction, 2005 Edition
AISC “American Institute of Steel Construction”
1 East Wacker Drive, Suite 3100, Chicago, Illinois 60601-2001

▪ DUBAI WIND LOAD CODE

▪ SEISMIC DESIGN CODE FOR DUBAI

Applicable Building Code

The guiding standard for the design of the building is IBC (International Building Code, 2006 Edition), the
internationally recognized industry standard for the design and fabrication of Pre-Engineered Steel Building (PEB).
The loads as describe in the Calculation Report have been applied on the structure in accordance with:

ASCE 7-05 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and other Structures
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 5 of 18

1.4 Material Specification

The following is the list of the material standards and specifications for which the building components have been
designed:

Steel Members and related items

No Materials Specifications Grade
ASTM A307,Hot dip galvanized to ASTM
1 ANCHOR BOLTS Fu=40 kN/cm2
A153M J-type with 2 nuts
2 BUILT-UP SECTIONS ASTM A572M GRADE 345 or equivalent Fy=34.50 kN/cm2
3 Hot Rolled Sections ASTM A36, S275 JR Fy=27.50 kN/cm2
ASTM A653M SS Grade 340 Class 1: Coating
C Channel Fy=34.00 kN/cm2
COLD FORMED Z275
4
SECTIONS ASTM A653M SS Grade 340 Class 1: Coating
Z Channel Fy=34.00 kN/cm2
Z275
ASTM A325M TYPE-1 , Fully threaded hot dip
5 Primary Connection bolts Ft=30.36 kN/cm2
galvanized
DIAGONAL Angular ASTM A36 or equivalent Fy=24.50 kN/cm2
6
"X"BRACING Rods ASTM A36 or equivalent Fy=24.50 kN/cm2
ASTM A653M SS Grade 340 Class 1: Coating
7 Cold formed secondary members Fy=34.00 kN/cm2
Z275

Secondary Connection bolts (for

8 Grade 8.8 Fully threaded hot dip galvanized Ft=30.36 kN/cm2
purlins, girts and flange braces)

ASTM Grade A36M electro galvanized, fully

9 Sag Rods Fy=24.50 kN/cm2
threaded
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 6 of 18

2 STRUCTURE ANALYSIS PARAMETERS

Loads Considered in Project

Dead Loads

Floor Dead Load Load (kg/m2) Load (kN/m2)

kPa
Solar Panels + related fixation accessories 10.19 0.10
Total DL on the Structure 10.19 0.10

Wind Load Calculation

Using the Dubai Wind Load Code, the basic wind speed (3-sec gust) is equal to 44.70 m/s. The wind load
calculations are performed using the provisions mentioned in ASCE 7-05. Below are the parameters used for the
wind application:
▪ Site Location: Dubai, UAE
▪ Basic Wind Speed (3 sec. gust) - 44.70 m/s = 100 miles/hour
▪ Wind Exposure Category – Exposure C
▪ Occupancy category – II
▪ Building is designed for wind as an Open building
▪ The structure is considered as a rigid structure
▪ Topographic factor Kzt = 1.00
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 7 of 18

Wind Design for Low-Profile Solar Photovoltaic Arrays on Flat Roofs

Structural Engineers Association of California
(Reference: SEAOC PV2-2012)

In the absence of detailed guidance from ASCE 7 for wind loads on photovoltaic arrays on flat roof low-
rise buildings, designers often attempt to use a hybrid approach of the ASCE 7 components and cladding
tables for enclosed buildings and main force resisting system tables for open structures, or they use the
wind tunnel procedure of ASCE 7. The hybrid approach can lead to unconservative results, particularly
when considering the size of the edge and corner roof zones. The wind tunnel procedure can be costly
and time consuming, particularly for small or single-use projects. Furthermore, there are no code-based
index values for the wind pressure coefficient GCrn with which to compare those developed from wind
tunnel studies. The solar industry and code enforcement agencies are in need of a prescriptive method
similar to that provided in ASCE 7.

Design wind pressure for rooftop solar arrays located on buildings with slope less than or equal to 7
degrees and ,mean roof height less than 18.3 m, or where mean roof height is greater than 18.3 m, provided
that the building is wider than it is tall, shall be determined by the following formula:

𝑝 = 𝑞ℎ (𝐺𝐶𝑟𝑛 ) (29.9 − 1)

where:
𝑞ℎ = 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑓 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑢𝑖𝑙𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔

𝐺𝐶𝑟𝑛 = 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙𝑠, 𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐹𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 29.9 − 1

𝐺𝐶𝑟𝑛 = 𝛾𝑝 𝐸 ((𝐺𝐶𝑟𝑛 )𝑛𝑜𝑚 (𝛾𝑐 ))

(𝐺𝐶𝑟𝑛 )𝑛𝑜𝑚 = 𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝛾𝑝 = 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑝𝑒𝑡 𝐻𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟

𝐸 = 𝐴𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑦 𝐸𝑑𝑔𝑒 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟

𝛾𝑐 = 𝑃𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 𝐶ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑑 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
1000
𝐴𝑛 = 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑒𝑑 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎, 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 ( 2) 𝐴
(max(𝛼𝑝𝑣 15𝑓𝑡))
𝐴 = 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑊𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑏𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑑

As per mean roof height value and the wind speed value of 160 km/h (100 mph). The minimum qh value
by local authority is = 1.00 kPa, hence this value is used. The Design Wind pressure for the roof top solar
arrays = 1.00 x 1.40 = 1.40 kPa (where 1.40 is the Net pressure coefficient value).

Design Uplift Force and Downward Pressure is taken as 1.40 kPa pressure.
DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 8 of 18
DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 9 of 18
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 10 of 18

Load Combinations List

Load combinations using strength design or (LRFD).

Reference: IBC 2006 – 1605.2.1

Load combinations using allowable stress design ASD.

Reference: IBC 2006 – 1605.3.1

 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 11 of 18

Serviceability Limitations

Reference IBC 2006 (Table 1604.3- Deflection Limits)

 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 12 of 18

3 STRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN INPUT

SECTION PROPERTIES

Unistrut – 41.0 x 41.0 x 1.20 mm

Steel Grade: A653 SS Grade 50/1

Full Section Properties

¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
Area 166.48 mm^2 Wt. 0.012804 kN/m Width 138.73 mm

Ix 37763 mm^4 rx 15.061 mm Ixy 0 mm^4

Sx(t) 1651.5 mm^3 y(t) 22.866 mm  -90.000 deg
Sx(b) 2082.4 mm^3 y(b) 18.134 mm
Zx 2275.4 mm^3 Height 41.000 mm

Iy 47736 mm^4 ry 16.933 mm xo 0.000 mm

Sy(l) 2328.6 mm^3 x(l) 20.500 mm yo -40.812 mm
Sy(r) 2328.6 mm^3 x(r) 20.500 mm jx 0.000 mm
Zy 2670.0 mm^3 Width 41.000 mm jy 43.420 mm

I1 47736 mm^4 r1 16.933 mm Cw 20505230 mm^6

I2 37763 mm^4 r2 15.061 mm J 79.908 mm^4
Ic 85499 mm^4 rc 22.662 mm
Io 362789 mm^4 ro 46.682 mm
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 13 of 18

STRUCTURE GEOMETRY AND LOAD INPUTS

Solico Site – Purlin Spacing 1.40 m.

Tristar Site – Purlin Spacing 1.50 m.

Design Load Width for both sites is from the panel area – 1.00 m (2/2 = 1.00) Solar Panel Length

Tristar Site:

Purlin Spacing 1.50 m

Solico Site:

Purlin Spacing 1.40 m

 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 14 of 18

Structural analysis input diagram

The difference between the two sites are the purlin spacing. The purlin spacing determine the support
location/spacing on the channel member 41x41x1.2 mm.

Design Dead load is 0.10 kPa

Wind Uplift = 1.40 kPa
Wind Downward = 1.40 kPa

As Tristar member arrangement generates the greatest forces on the structure, only Tristar configuration will be
designed. If Tristar Site configuration members pass, then the Solico configuration will automatically be
satisfactory for the design requirements.
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 15 of 18

4 STRUCTURE DESIGN OUTPUT

4.1 Tristar Site Design

Case: 1 Wind Uplift Case

Allowable Deflection = Span/180 = 1500/180 = 8.33 mm < maximum deflection due to actions (SAFE!)
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 16 of 18

Member Check - AISI S100-12, US, ASD

¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
Load Combination: 0.6D+W
Design Parameters at 0.66000 m, Left side:
Lx 0.66000 m Ly 0.66000 m Lt 0.66000 m
Kx 2.0000 Ky 2.0000 Kt 2.0000

Section: [Link]
Material Type: A653 SS Grade 50/1, Fy=344.74 MPa
Cbx 1.6667 Cby 1.0000 ex 0.0000 mm
Cmx 1.0000 Cmy 1.0000 ey 0.0000 mm
Braced Flange: Top k 0 kN
Red. Factor, R: 0 Lm 4.50000 m

Loads: P Mx Vy My Vx
(kN) (kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Total 0.000 0.28861 0.875 0.00000 0.000
Applied 0.000 0.28861 0.875 0.00000 0.000
Strength 11.132 0.39771 10.115 0.45994 5.057

Effective section properties at applied loads:

Ae 166.48 mm^2 Ixe 37763 mm^4 Iye 47736 mm^4
Sxe(t) 1651.5 mm^3 Sye(l) 2328.6 mm^3
Sxe(b) 2082.4 mm^3 Sye(r) 2328.6 mm^3

Interaction Equations
Eq. C5.2.1-1 (P, Mx, My) 0.000 + 0.726 + 0.000 = 0.726 <= 1.0 (SAFE!)
Eq. C5.2.1-2 (P, Mx, My) 0.000 + 0.726 + 0.000 = 0.726 <= 1.0 (SAFE!)
Eq. C3.3.1-1 (Mx, Vy) Sqrt(0.454 + 0.007)= 0.679 <= 1.0 (SAFE!)
Eq. C3.3.1-1 (My, Vx) Sqrt(0.000 + 0.000)= 0.000 <= 1.0 (SAFE!)
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 17 of 18

Case: 2 Wind Downward Case

Allowable Deflection = Span/180 = 1500/180 = 8.33 mm < maximum deflection due to actions (SAFE!)
 DOCUMENT TITLE: Rev. 000
Structural Report
Date:
11/11/2020

Page 18 of 18

Member Check - AISI S100-12, US, ASD

¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
Load Combination: D+W
Design Parameters at 0.6600 m, Right side:
Lx 1.5000 m Ly 0.3898 m Lt 0.3898 m
Kx 1.0000 Ky 1.0000 Kt 1.0000

Section: unistrut [Link]

Material Type: A653 SS Grade 50/1, Fy=344.74 MPa
Cbx 1.6667 Cby 1.0000 ex 0.0000 mm
Cmx 1.0000 Cmy 1.0000 ey 0.0000 mm
Braced Flange: Top k 0 kN
Red. Factor, R: 0 Lm 4.5000 m

Loads: P Mx Vy My Vx
(kN) (kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (kN)
Total 0.000 -0.33210 1.149 0.00000 0.000
Applied 0.000 -0.33210 1.149 0.00000 0.000
Strength 15.982 0.37371 10.115 0.49734 5.057

Effective section properties at applied loads:

Ae 166.48 mm^2 Ixe 37763 mm^4 Iye 47736 mm^4
Sxe(t) 1651.5 mm^3 Sye(l) 2328.6 mm^3
Sxe(b) 2082.4 mm^3 Sye(r) 2328.6 mm^3

Interaction Equations
Eq. C5.2.1-1 (P, Mx, My) 0.000 + 0.889 + 0.000 = 0.889 <= 1.0 (SAFE!)
Eq. C5.2.1-2 (P, Mx, My) 0.000 + 0.889 + 0.000 = 0.889 <= 1.0 (SAFE!)
Eq. C3.3.1-1 (Mx, Vy) Sqrt(0.790 + 0.013)= 0.896 <= 1.0 (SAFE!)
Eq. C3.3.1-1 (My, Vx) Sqrt(0.000 + 0.000)= 0.000 <= 1.0 (SAFE!)

END OF REPORT