MODULE 3: WEB AND INTERNET – QUICK EXAM
REVIEW
1. World Wide Web (WWW)
Definition
● The Web (WWW) is a system of interconnected web pages containing text, images,
and multimedia.
● Uses hyperlinks to connect related information.
● A website is a collection of related web pages.
● A homepage is the main entry page of a website.
Key Figure
● Tim Berners-Lee – inventor of the World Wide Web.
2. Evolution of the Web
Web 1.0 – “Read-Only Web” (1990–2005)
● Static pages, limited interaction
● Users only read information
● Focus: information portals and directories
● Example: basic HTML websites, Yahoo directories
Web 2.0 – “Read-Write Web” (2005–Present)
● Interactive and social
● Users create and share content
● Supports collaboration and communication
● Dynamic pages (user input affects content)
● Examples: social media, blogs, Wikipedia, Google Docs
Web 3.0 – “Read-Write-Own Web” (Emerging)
● Intelligent and AI-driven web
● Focus on data ownership and decentralization
● Uses AI, blockchain, semantic web, machine learning
● Machines understand and categorize data
● Examples: advanced e-commerce, AI systems, educational platforms
3. Internet Basics
Definition
● The Internet is a global network of networks connecting billions of devices.
● No single owner.
● Combines “interconnection” + “network.”
Key Idea
● A network allows sharing of resources (data, hardware, software).
4. Internet History (Key Milestones)
● 1969 – ARPANET: First decentralized network (DARPA project)
● 1971 – First Email: Ray Tomlinson introduces email and “@”
● 1983 – TCP/IP: Standard protocol → birth of the modern Internet
● 1984 – DNS: Converts domain names into IP addresses
● 1989–1991 – WWW created by Tim Berners-Lee (HTML, HTTP, URL)
● 1990s – Commercial Internet boom (Netscape, Amazon, eBay, Yahoo)
5. Major Internet Components
1. Servers
● Provide services and resources over a network
● Types:
○ Web Server – delivers web pages
○ Mail Server – handles email
○ File Server – stores files
○ Proxy Server – intermediary access control
○ Application Server – runs applications
○ Policy Server – security and access control
2. IP Address
● Unique numerical identifier of a device
● Example: [Link]
3. Browser
● Software used to access the web
● Examples: Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera
4. DNS (Domain Name System)
● “Internet phonebook”
● Converts domain names into IP addresses
● Example: [Link]
5. ISP (Internet Service Provider)
● Company that provides internet access
● Examples: PLDT, Converge, Sky Broadband
6. Uses of the Internet
● Information access and research
● Education and online learning
● Email and communication
● Video calls and conferencing
● Online shopping and selling
● Social networking
● Entertainment (videos, music, games)
● Financial transactions
● Remote monitoring and services
Ultra-Quick Exam Memory Frame
● WWW = Web pages + hyperlinks + websites + homepage
● Web Evolution = 1.0 Read → 2.0 Interact → 3.0 Intelligent/Owned
● Internet = global network of networks (no owner)
● Key systems = ARPANET → TCP/IP → DNS → WWW
● Core components = Servers, IP, Browser, DNS, ISP
● Main use = communication, learning, commerce, entertainment
If ICT was a business ecosystem, this module is the digital supply chain: web = interface,
internet = infrastructure, and protocols = operational rules keeping everything functional.