1.
Lumbar puncture needle
• Use:
-diagnostic:
• infections
• leukemic involvement of CNS
• Sub arachnoid hemorrhage
• CNS tumor.
-therapeutic:administration of
• antibiotics
• anaesthetics
• anticancer drugs.
• Site: b/w L3 & L4 or L4 & L5
• Contraindications:
-raised ICT
-bleeding diathesis
• Complication:
-infection
-post puncture headache
-hematoma
2. Liver biopsy needle
• Identi cation: long needle with bi d end.
• Indications:
-A/c hepatitis of unknown cause
-hepatic tumors
-c/c liver disease
Contraindications:
-bleeding diathesis
-hydatid cyst
-vascular tumors
3. Bone marrow aspiration needle
Salah needle
Sites:
• Posterior superior iliac spine
• Sternum
• Spinous process of lumbar
vertebra
Indication:
• Unexplained cytopenias
• Suspected A/c leukemia
• Storage disorders
Bone marrow trephine biopsy
Jamshidi needle
Indication:
• Repeated dry tap
• Aplastic anemia
• Myelo brosis
• Hairy cell leukemia
4. Wintrobe’s tube
• Length :11 cm
• One end closed
• Use: PCV, ESR
• Internal diameter : 2.5 mm
• Calibration : 0-10cm (1mm
interval)
• Capacity : 1 ml blood
• Anticoagulant : double oxalate
(Amm. Ox & pot. Ox in 3:2 ratio)
5. Westergren’s ESR tube
• Length : 30 cm
• Open at both ends
• Use : measure ESR
• Calibration : 0-200 mm
• Capacity : 2 ml blood
6. Urinometer
• Measure speci c
gravity of urine.
• Based on
bouyancy
principle
• Marking : 1.000-
1.060
7. Vacutainer
Osmotic fragility
8. Blood collection bag
• Volume : 450 ml blood
• Contain CPDA (63ml)
9. Ayre’s spatula
• Bi d end( concave ): cervival smear
• Spoon end(convex): buccal smear
• Pap smear
-hormonal evaluation
-identi cation of benign & malignant
tumors.
10. Perforated Tissue processing capsule
• perforation help the tissue to
undergo various tissue processing.
• Fixative :10% formalin
11. Paraf n block
• Use: Taking thin tissue sections
• Microtome: slicing instrument
12. L- block
• Leuckhardt’s block
• Form moulds of desired size
• Embedding of tissue
13. Koplin jar
• Identi cation :
- White coloured jar with a lid
- xation & staining jar
- xative : 95% isopropyl alcohol
• Uses :
- used to keep the slide having tissue for
histopathologic & cytologic purposes.
(eg: Pap smear)
- preparative chamber for thin layer
chromatography .