LEARNING OBJECTIVES . ‘After completing this chapter, you will be able to: Draw shapes and work with objects in Inkscape. / Define outlines and fill colors. Create Artistic and Paragraph text. save the InkScape project. ZT want to design a logo for my company. Which software should I use? Inkscape is a drawing program to create and edit vector graphics. You can use Inkscape. 77 What else can be creating graphics in created in Inkscape? Inkscape? The graphics drawn in Inkscape are not pixelated LY when enlarged. \ ss Let's find the answers \ hee P to your questions in this chapter. PM Diihlichers Put ltdINTRODUCTION TO INKSCAPE Inkscape is an open source drawing tool for creating and editing vector graphics which includes creating professional artwork like logos and technical illustrations. Like other drawing programs (CorelDraw and Illustrator), Inkscape offers creation of basic shapes such as ellipses, rectangles, polygons and spirals, as well as the ability to transform and manipulate these shapes using rotation, stretching and skewing method Inkscape Pe Inkscape offers the tools you need to create accurate and professional looking page layouts. It is used in advertising, printing, publishing, sign making or manufacturing Starting Inkscape Like any other program, you can start Inkscape using the Start button. ae 1. Click on Start icon. Start menu will appear. 2. Scroll down and click on Inkscape icon. Welcome Screen of Inkscape appears. 3. Click on Time to Draw tab. 4, Click on New Document. Inkscape window appears. | Note: By default, Inkscape opens in dark theme. You can change its appearance by clicking on the toggle button on the welcome screen, Lu. oy Inkscape Interface When you open Inkscape, you will see several areas which you need to identify in order to work on it. Title Bar] [Menu Bar| _[Commands Tools |. : Bar Control Bar| - : = 52 Ruler (Teor }~ (Color Palette]... ‘Status Bar] Title Bar: It is at the top of the screen. It displays the name of the document at center and window control buttons on the right. Menu Bar: It contains drop-down menus of related commands. Commands Bar: It contains customized tools such as Open, New, Save, and Print. Tools Control Bar: It is an area that displays options that change according to the active tool, IT PLANET - 8 (CodeAl Plus) y/Ruler: Horizontal and vertical rulers let you determine the size and position of objects in a document- a Color Palette: Color Palette is a bar that contains color swatches. Swatches is a quick way to apply col olor : on shapes. It is displayed at the bottom of the Canvas. itus Bar: Status Bar is located at the bottom of Inkscape interface. It includes (from left to right) colo is Bar: ns ot for the object, layer selector, help message area, mouse coordinate indicator and finally, the indicator ; current zoom level, It is the workspace area that is bordered by scroll bars and rulers. It includes the document Canvas: page and surrounding area Document Page: It is the rectangular area that represents the printable section of the document window, Toolbox: The Too! box, consists of vertically aligned buttons located on the left of the window, It contains tools for selecting, creating and editing objects. You can select a tool by clicking on an icon. After clicking on the icon, the mouse pointer changes its shape depending on the shape selected and Tools Control bar display options depending on the Shape selected. Creating a New Document You can create a new document in Inkscape, anytime you want, to create a new design. Creating the new document is just like opening your notebook and start writing on a fresh, new piece of paper. You can create the new document by clicking on File menu and then click on New. When you create the new document, a new Inkscape window will be opened. DRAWING SHAPES Inkscape lets you create ellipses (including circles), rectangles (including squares), Polygons, stars and some basic shapes with the different shape tools. Creating a Rectangle 1. Click on Rectangle tool or (press R) in the toolbox. The mouse pointer changes to a Crosshair with a small rectangle beneath it. 2-Click anywhere in the drawing area and drag the Mouse pointer, 3. Release the mouse button where you like to end the rectangle. 1. Click on Rectangle tool in the toolbox. 2. Click anywhere in the drawing area and hold down the Ctrl key while dragging the mouse Pointer. 3. Release the mouse button where you like to end the square. reating a Rounded Rectangle/Square ¥ can optionally round the corners of a rectan igle or a square after drawing. Corner: 1 inded to create a softening effect or very roun E S can be slightly ded, almost changing the rectangle into a circle. PM Publishers Pyt. Ltd.1. Click on EMIpse/Arc too}, 2, Select the circle YOU Wish to ch n pie. Three handles appear around 4 3, Place your mouse pointer on the « Shy at the right corner of the circle "Ching 4, Click and drag the handle up org, according to the size of pie you yor Now to change the pie into an are shape ig arc icon on the Tools Control Bar. The y.,‘" ie becomes an érc. Pie Arc Drawing a Line with Freehand Tool an Freehand tool is a very basic tool to draw lines, It is used to draw freehand and straight lines, ang Y. can also make drawing from these lines. To create a freehand line: 1. Click on Peneil (or Press P) tool from the toolbox. 2. Click and drag anywhere in the drawing page to draw a freehand line. To create a straight line: 1. Click on Pencil tool. 2. Click anywhere in the drawing page to draw a straight line. 3. Drag your mouse to the position where you would {i ke to end your line and click again. To draw a straight, horizontal or vertical line, hold the Ctrl key on yo drawing a line. Your cursor will act as if itis your keyboard while magnetized. It will ‘stick’ to a straight line. To create a drawing from lines: 1. Select the Pencil tool, 2. Click in the Drawing area. 3. Double-click on another spot in the drawin area to create the firs object. t Node for the Double-click at the next node in the object. Keep creating new nodes as needed Click once (instead of double-click) to create your last node PM Publishers Pvt. Ltd.WORKING WITH OBJECTS After creating the objects or shapes, you need to work with thet Selecting Objects you can select these objects with mouse or keyboard. To select any object, place your mous® pointer on that object and click on it. You cam select more than one object, at a time, with the Selector tool, You can select multiple objects with the Selector tool in different ways: select en deselect objects thi a. Hold down the Shift key while you click with the Selector too! to more than one object. You can select as many objects as you have, in your Drawing window. You can ev ‘at have been selected by holding down the Shift key and clicking on them ct by using the Selector tool to draw 2 mar that are completely encompassed by the marquee: quee (rectangle) around b. You can also select more than one obie more than one object. Only those objects will be selected To draw a marquee, follow the steps: 1. Click on Selector tool. | ——~—) 2. Click on the upper left corr ject you want to select. (All the 1 ner of first object using Select tool. jects will be selected.) . kD 3. Drag to the last ob} Resizing Shapes of Objects You can resize the shape, to make it larger or smaller than the original one, by dragging the arrow les [ $ ] appear around the object. handles. 1. Select the object to be resized with the Selector tool. Eight arrow handl Place your mouse pointer over the handle. t 5 pane] 1 2. Click and drag the handle to resize the shape of the object. 7 If you drag a corner handle, you maintain the proportion between height and width as you resize your object; if you drag from a side or top handle, you will change not only the size but also the shape of the object. 7 Resized usingthe side handle ay corner handle comm he Resized sing the Moving an Object toe Inkscape provides a convenient way to reposition the objects. To move an object by dragging: 1. Click on Selector tool. 2. Click anywhere within the object and drag it to its new . location. Rotating Objects You can rotate any object in the Inkscape by following these steps. 1. Select the object using the Selector tool. 2. Click on the object again: The handles will change from small black arrows to curved arrows. 3, Click and drag the rotation arrows in | clockwise or anticlockwise direction, to | «| __ rotate the selected object IT PLANET - 8 (CodeAl Plus)os = | 4. Release the mouse button, Tet The object will be rotated. DEFINING OUTLINES (STROKES) Inkscape provides many outline styles, such as thick and thin, dashed and dotted. You can see the figures shown below with different outlines. Each outline gives the figure a different look, and the outlined figures combine for their own composite effect. — fale ! ! i I —----/ Creating an Outline (Stroke) You can assign outline styles in Inkscape by using Fill and Stroke pane. - 1. Draw a line. Select the line with the Selector tool. Click on the Object menu, Click on Fill and Stroke. (or Press Shift + Ctrl + F) The Fill and Stroke pane will appear. eweN v 5. Click on Stroke style tab. 6. Type the line’s width in the Width box. You can also set the style for the line or selected object by clicking on the down arrow of the Dashes list box. A wide variety of line styles will appear. Scroll down the list and choose | the line style of your choice by clicking on it You can also assign arrows to the beginning or end of a line 8. To assign an arrow to the line, click on the down arrow on the a AAR | Markers box. A variety of arrow shapes will appear; choose the arrow oe GAG by clicking on it. 9. Click on [X] to close the dialog box. 6 PM Publishers Pvt. Ltd.XY le | ® The Outline (Stroke) width and arrow will be assigneg \ *| to the selected line : | \ You can change the appearance of Joins (corner shapes) of lines and curves. To set an object comer shape, follow these steps Pro and Soke oo - I~ Fa 7 spoke pont [= Srotesyie 3) row -tot Select the object with the Selector tool. Open the Fill and Stroke pane. Click on Stroke style tab. Enable one of the following Join Style buttons: G — Bevel join — Round join ff f J) — Miter join & & The Join style will be applied to the selected object. You can change the appearance of Caps of lines and curves. To set an object caps shape, follow these steps: [rman srote = v 1. Select the object with the Selector tool. Ta sok pak 2. Open the Fill and Stroke dialog box. oa 3. Click on Stroke style tab. cases ~ oo + 4, Enable one of the following Cap Style buttons: | wie —e —» —> | m= Butt cap fi a |e (GGTR em + A — Round cap ow AAR | FL — square cap a, la a oor GOT | The Cap style will be applied to the selected object. - eae | SELECTING FILL COLORS You can fill the color in any shape by following these steps. To fill color in an object: 2 mT 1. Select the object using the Selector tool @ 1) 2. Click on any color in the Color Palette The selected color will be applied to the object. PLANET - 8 (Co Z unColor Fills Inkscape enables you to assign some basic types of fills to any selected closed object. 1 Select the object using the Selector tool. 2 Open the Fill and Stroke pane. 3. Click on Fill tab. You have the following features under the Fill option. 3) @ Flat Color ~ A flat or solid color paints the object or stroke. In both Fill and Stroke paint tab5 there are sub-tabs whereby color selections can be made either precisely (with the numeric and alpha-numeric controls) or more generally (with wheels and sliders) ‘ os Each selector type also shows an RGBA definition box at the bottom-right, in which - ‘one may define a specific hexadecimal color. jun © HSL offers four sliders representing percentages of hue, saturation, lightness and vom SN , | alpha. HSV is used for human perception of colors. It shows how colors are perceived | under light. RGB offers four sliders representing percentages of red, green, blue and alpha. CMYK offers five sliders representing percentages of cyan, magenta, yellow, black and alpha. HSLuv is anew mode which lets you more intuitively select optically similar saturation of different hues. CMS allows selection of a color profile and offers an alpha slider underneath (only available in some distributions). Fills No paint: Removes all the fils from the object. © Flat color: Single color fils although that color can be applied. a © Linear gradient: Fils that fade from one color to another are also referred to as = — 27 | gradient fils. it causes two or more colors to flow into each other smoothly, "3 wt letting you add depth and color to your drawing, Ne Loti gradient: This Panel works the same as linear gradient except that the | gradient is applied radially. | © Mesh gradient: It is useful for subtle gradients like skin, fruit, sky ete, © Pattern: These are fills made from bitmap or vector files. Inkscape includes a set } of patterns accessible through the Fill and Stroke dialog box. It is used to create Special, even spectacular effects. & Swatch: Swatches allow per document palettes with swatches of sold colors and gradients No paint Flat color Linear gradient Radial gradient Blur: Blur is a filter effect that can be applied on the filled object. pacity: It sets the degree to which objects behind the affected object may be seen through it PM Publishers Pvt. Ltd.Changing Outline Color of an Object You can change the appearance of outlines by giving them a beautiful color. You can change outlin e color either by Fill and Stroke pane or Color Palette. Changing Outline Color from the Fill and Stroke Pane 1. Select the object or shape with the Changing Outline Color from the Color Palette L Selector tool. 2. Open the Fill and Stroke pane, 3. Click on Stroke paint tab and then Flat color. A list of colors will be shown. 4, Select any color you want to apply for the outline of the selected object. ‘© The outline color of the selected object will be changed. 1. Select the object using the Selector tool. 2. Right-click on any color in the Color Palette. A pop-up menu will appear. 3. Click on Set stroke. The outline color of the selected object will change to the selected color. Stroke color also appears in the Status bar. ZOOMING IN AND OUT You can zoom in for a more detailed view or zoom out for a broader view. You will find zoom controls on the Tools Control Bar. You can zoom to any level of magnification. Zooming does not affect your drawing. Zoom In 1. Click on the Zoom tool [G) ] from the Toolbox. 2. Click and drag diagonally in the drawing window to create a marquee box around the area you want to magnify. OR You can click on the object. Inkscape increases the magnification of the object. Zoom Out 1. Click on the Zoom tool [ @) ] from the Toolbox. 2. Press the Shift key from the keyboard and click on the drawing window. Inkscape decreases the magnification. Zp === 1 ' 1 )WORKING WITH CURVES y Z Sometimes, you will find it dificult to. draw complex designs with your mouse. You can use fre curves to draw a design on your screen in Inkscape Drawing Freehand Curves Making freehand curves is very easy. You simply need to fon the drawing area lick on the Pencil tool, and then click and d “7 = =) 1, Click on Pencil tool, =") 2. Click on Create regular Bezier path #3] scan from Tools Contra ba | *) 3, Position the cursor where you want | 2) the cure to stat, and click | ‘| 4, Drag the mouse to draw the curve |: 5,_ Release the mouse button where you | 3] like to end the curve. | 3) The curve will be drown. | : | Editing Nodes In Freehand Curve NODE: A node is a small square on a line, curve or object outline which is used to edit the object When you select 2 curved object with the Edit paths by nodes tool, Inkscape displays all the object nodes. You can shape a curved object by moving a node or by moving the control points attached to @ node. ee A segment is a part of a curve lying between two nodes. Segments are of two types: curved OF straight. You can bend a curved segment by dragging it with the Edit paths by nodes tool or by Gragging the control points of the nodes on either end of it. Selecting Nodes on a Curved Object . Click on the Node too! in the Toolbar. . Select the Curved object with the Node tool Hold down the Shift key and click on the nodes to select them. L\ PM Publishers Pvt. Ltd,Inserting Nodes You can insert nodes to a curved object if you want more nodes to create the curve / 1. Click on the Node tool 2. Double-click on the curve where you want to insert the node . a) le EK?) | © Using Node tool, select the segment between | which you want to insert node. © Click on the Insert new nodes button (+) on the Tools Control bar. 1. Click on the Node tool. wm =| 2. Double-click on the Node you want to delete | OR | © Using Node tool, select the node which you want I 5 to remove. P © Click on the Delete selected nodes button (-) on IW . the Tools Control bar. Joining Nodes ; fe the open path by joining its two end nodes. You can clos yen path by Jol “ 1. Click on the Node tool. 2, Select the nodes you want to join. 3. Click on the Join selected nodes button on . | the Tools Control bar. i aa | “| Both the selected nodes wil join egment Straight 5g, select the curved object with the Nodes r00) 2, Click on the Segment you want f0 change Straighten lines button on Tools + to make the segment straight 3. Click on th Control bal \ | ~ 4Making a Segment Curved ve Select the eurved object withthe Nodes too) Click the Segment you want to change Click the Make selected segments curves bu on Tools Control bar to make the curved. segmer You can change the shape of the object by dragging the curved segment, CREATING ARTISTIC AND PARAGRAPH TEXT ‘"kscape provides control over the look and shape of text like any other Text Editor. You can edit, forma "S526 OF reshape text according to your need. Inkscape defines text in two ways: artistic text arc Paragraph text. Artistic text offers you more freedom to assign artistic effects to letters wherez Paragraph text is better suited for editing long blocks of text. Creating Artistic Text ‘Computer is an electronic device, I Changing Font of Artistic Text You can change text font for an entire se an artistic text object. sg: Click on Text tool (or Press T), 1 © The Tools Control bar becomes the Editing Text Control Bar. 2. Click in the drawing area where you like to write and start typing, 3. After you finish typing text, click on the | 3] Select tool. when you click on the Select 2} tool, your new text will be surrounded with eight small black arrow handles Se ———— 1. Select a text object using the Selector tool. Click on the Text tool (or Press T) rag the mouse pointer to select part or allof your text, to apply formatting Click on the Select Font Family list. Select a new font of your choiceChanging Font Size You can increase or decrease the size of the text in your document. Increase the size to make the text easier to read; decrease the size to fit more text on a page. 1. Select a text object using the Selector tool aera %)) 7) xa ee ma 2. Click on the Text tool (or Press T) | 3. Drag the mouse pointer to select part or all of your text, to apply formatting 4. Click on the Font size list. s ‘eeneancetecenonietevies <3) 5. Click on the Font size which you think is | suitable for your text. 1, Select a text object using the Selector tool, 2. Click on Object menu: 3. Click on Fill and Stroke option. {Not Shown) 4. 5 Computer is an Click on Pattern effect. {Not Shown) electronic device. Choose the desired pattern fill style from the Pattern fill : | drop-down list. {Not Shown) 5 || The text appears with the selected effect. Creating Paragraph Text Paragraph text feature of Inkscape prt libreOffice Writer. It has a Check spell from all this, we can give suitable shape to our text. oe _ - ] 1. Click on the Text tool (or Press T). 2. In the drawing window, drag the mouse to create a rectangle or text frame. ‘ovides you all the power of a modern word processor such as ing feature that allows you to correct the misspelt words. Apart ‘A mobile computer is @ computer you can Carry from place to place. Similarly, a mabe device tx @ computing device small Trough to. hold in your hand. The most popular type of mobile computer is the Fotebook computer. A notebook comput tls called o laptop computer is 0 portal personal computer often designed to fit o Sour lap. Notebook computers are thin and ‘ iightweight, yet they can be a3 powerful as 7 the average desktop computer! Text automatically wraps to the next line when you reach the end of a line. You need to press the Enter key only when you want to start a new paragraph 4, After you have finished typing, click on the Selector tool to select the text frame. | 3, Type the text in that rectangle. | ) 1 Create the following artistic text in Inkscape using Radial Gradient: f 1 ' j DikStart In this project, you will create 2 wi-fi logo and a tablet by using different tools of Inkscape. Creating a Tablet 1. Click on Rectangle tool in the toolbox, 2. Click anywhere in the drawing area and drag the mouse pointer. 3. Release the mouse button where you like to end the rectangle. 4. Select the Rectangle with the Selector tool (not shown) 5. Open the Fill and Stroke pane You can also press Shift + Ctrl + F keys 6. Click on Stroke style tab. 7. Type the line’s width in the Width box. 8 |= GG -+ Click on Close to close the dialog box ju man jow GGG | Gae > "aq 4% PM Publishers Pvt. Ltd.Round the Corners KI N69) WR? Copy, Paste and Resize Create One More Rectangle _ 2 nas | 330 1. Click on Rectangle toot 2. Select the object you wish to round Three handles appear around the rectangle. 3. Place your mouse pointer on the Corner shape handle at the top-right corner of square. 4. Click and drag the handle down according to the size you want. All corners of square will become round. 1. Select the object with the Selector too! Eight arrow handles [$ ] appear around the object. 2. Click on Edit menu. 3, Click on Copy (or Press Ctrl + C) It will copy the selected object. 4, Click on Paste -> In Place (or Press Ctrl + Alt + V) It will paste the copied object on the same place. 5. Press the Shift key and drag the handles [#] to resize the shape of the object according to you. The copied shape appears in different size. 1. Click on Rectangle tool in the toolbox. 2. Click inside the previously drawn rounded rectangle and drag the mouse pointer. 3. Release the mouse button where you like to end the rectangle.Create Circles 1. Click on Ellipse/Arc tool in the tool 2. Click in the drawing area, where you. want the circle to appear, and hoig down the Ctrl key while dragging the mouse pointer. 3. Release the mouse button where you like to end the circle 4, Repeat steps 1 to 3 to create one mor= circle. 1. Click on Pencil tool from the toolbox. 2. Click in the place in the drawing page t draw a straight line. 3. Hold the Ctrl key and drag your mouse to the position where you would like to end your line and click again 4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 to create two more straight lines of different sizes.Making a Segment Curved 5 EK) \ 1 Select the line with the Node 2 Click on the Segment you want change 3. Click the Make selected segments curves button on Tools Control bar to make the segment curved 4. Drag the curved segment to change the shape of the object. 5. Repeat steps 1 to 4 to change the shape of two more lines. 1. Select the curved line with the Selector tool. 2. Open the Fill and Stroke pane by clicking on Object menu. Click on Stroke style tab. 4, Type the curved line’s width in the Width box. 5. Click on the Round Cap style button © The curved line appears in new thickness and with rounded corners. 6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 to change the thickness and add Round Cap for two more curved lines. 7. Click on Close to close the Fill and Stroke pane fr PLANET _ 8 (CodeAt ria Zs —. 'Type Artistic Text VE=0.. © Fill Color Ay PM Publishers Pvt. Ltd. = 1, Click on Text tool from the toolbox, 2. Click in the drawing area where yoy tike + write in your text and start typing 3. Drag the mouse pointer to select your ter 4. Click on the Select Font Family list and select a new font. 5. Click on the Font style lst and select Bold style. 6, Click on the Font size list and select the font size for the text. 1. Select the objects using the Selector tool. 2. Click on any color in the Color Palette. The selected color applies to the objects. 1. Select the object using the Selector tool. 2. Right-click on any color in the Color Palette. A pop-up menu will appear. 3. Click on Set stroke. The selected color Opplies to the outline or stroke, Fill the remaining colors as per the project the colors, your project witlSAVING THE PROJECT Its always a good practice to save your work By default, Inkscape files are saved a5 SVG files 1 other formats im which you car see, | * ; format allows you to edit files in future. But there are a number of the file. This will help you sharing files with others. Inkscape files can be saved as SVG, SVGZ, PDF, PostScript/EPS/EPSi, Adobe Illustrator (* 31), LaTex (* tex) POVRay (* pov), HPGL, HTML and others. If you work in web design, you can use the SVG files directly in the HTML/XML code 1. Click on File menu 2. Click on Save. The Select file to save to dialog box will appear. 3, Navigate a folder in which you want to save the image file. 4. Click the arrow button and select the Inkscape file format, e.g, SVG. But there are a number of other formats to choose from in this menu. 5. Name the image file. Inkscape automatically assigns .svg extension 6. Click on Save. Inkscape saves the image file. Inkscape's native format, but it can also open the Te types, including POF, JPG, GIF, and PNG. Inkscape can also open relDRAW, and other proprietary image formats. ir PLANET - 8 (Codea! ow Lo Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) i majority of image fil PostScript, Sketch, Cor