The screenshots show the **MAKAUT BBA Semester-II syllabus** for:
1. **BBA-201: Operations Management**
2. **BBA-202: Organizational Behaviour**
3. **BBA-204: Environmental Science & Sustainable Development**
Below is a simple explanation of **every module**.
# BBA-201: OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
## Module 1: Introduction to Operations Management
### Meaning
Operations Management (OM) deals with converting inputs (materials, labor, money) into
outputs (goods and services).
### Topics
* Manufacturing vs Service Operations
* Product Process Matrix
* Capacity Planning
* Responsibilities of Production Manager
* Production Planning & Control (PPC)
### Key Points
* Manufacturing produces physical goods.
* Services produce intangible outputs.
* Capacity Planning determines how much can be produced.
* PPC ensures smooth production.
---
## Module 2: Characteristics of Manufacturing Systems
### Types of Manufacturing Systems
### 1. Job Production
Customized products made one at a time.
**Example:** Custom furniture.
### 2. Batch Production
Products made in groups.
**Example:** Bakery products.
### 3. Mass Production
Large quantity of identical products.
**Example:** Cars.
### 4. Continuous Production
Production runs continuously.
**Example:** Oil refinery.
---
## Module 3: Plant Location
### Meaning
Selecting the best place for a factory.
### Factors
### Tangible Factors
* Raw materials
* Labour
* Transport
* Power
* Land cost
### Intangible Factors
* Government policy
* Climate
* Social environment
### Importance
Good location reduces cost and increases profit.
---
## Module 4: Plant Layout
### Meaning
Arrangement of machines and departments inside a factory.
### Objectives
* Smooth workflow
* Less material movement
* Better utilization of space
### Types
### Process Layout
Machines of the same type are grouped together.
### Product Layout
Machines arranged according to production sequence.
### Costs of Layout
* Material handling cost
* Installation cost
* Maintenance cost
---
## Module 5: Assembly Line Balancing
### Meaning
Distributing work equally among workers and machines.
### Objectives
* Reduce idle time
* Increase efficiency
* Improve productivity
### Cellular Manufacturing
Machines are arranged in cells to manufacture a family of products.
### Advantages
* Faster production
* Reduced waste
* Better quality
---
## Module 6: Maintenance Management
### Meaning
Keeping machines in working condition.
### Types
### Breakdown Maintenance
Repair after machine failure.
### Preventive Maintenance
Regular maintenance before breakdown.
### TPM (Total Productive Maintenance)
Involves all employees in maintaining equipment.
### Benefits
* Less downtime
* Longer machine life
* Higher productivity
---
## Module 7: Purchase Management
### Meaning
Buying materials at the right quality, quantity, time and price.
### Purchasing Procedure
1. Need identification
2. Purchase requisition
3. Supplier selection
4. Purchase order
5. Receiving goods
6. Payment
### Value Analysis
Reducing product cost without reducing quality.
### Vendor Selection
Choosing the best supplier.
### Make or Buy Decision
Whether to manufacture internally or buy from outside.
---
## Module 8: Inventory Management
### Meaning
Managing stock of raw materials, WIP and finished goods.
### Inventory Classifications
### ABC Analysis
* A = High value
* B = Medium value
* C = Low value
### FSN Analysis
* Fast Moving
* Slow Moving
* Non-Moving
### VED Analysis
* Vital
* Essential
* Desirable
### EOQ (Economic Order Quantity)
Formula:
EOQ = √(2AO/C)
Where:
* A = Annual demand
* O = Ordering cost
* C = Carrying cost
### MRP (Material Requirement Planning)
Plans materials needed for production.
### MRP II
Advanced version including resources.
### JIT (Just-In-Time)
Materials arrive only when needed.
### ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)
Integrated software managing all business activities.
---
## Module 9: Inspection & Quality Control
### Inspection
Checking products for defects.
### Types
* Incoming Inspection
* Process Inspection
* Final Inspection
### Statistical Quality Control (SQC)
Uses statistical methods to control quality.
### Acceptance Sampling
Checking a sample instead of the entire batch.
### Control Charts
Monitor process variation.
### Benefits
* Better quality
* Reduced defects
* Customer satisfaction
---
# BBA-202: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
## Module 1: Introduction
### Meaning
Study of human behaviour in organizations.
### Importance
* Better teamwork
* Increased productivity
* Effective leadership
---
## Module 2: Personality
### Meaning
Unique characteristics of an individual.
### Personality Theories
* Trait Theory
* Psychoanalytic Theory
* Humanistic Theory
### Factors Affecting Personality
* Heredity
* Environment
* Situation
---
## Module 3: Perception and Attribution
### Perception
How people interpret information.
### Attribution
Understanding causes of behaviour.
### Factors Affecting Perception
* Experience
* Attitude
* Motivation
---
## Module 4: Learning
### Meaning
Permanent change in behaviour through experience.
### Process
1. Experience
2. Observation
3. Practice
4. Learning
### Cognitive Theory
Learning occurs through thinking and understanding.
---
## Module 5: Attitudes
### Meaning
A person's feelings toward an object or situation.
### ABC Model
* A = Affective (Feelings)
* B = Behavioural
* C = Cognitive (Beliefs)
### Functions
* Helps decision making
* Influences behaviour
---
## Module 6: Group Dynamics and Decision Making
### Meaning
Study of behaviour within groups.
### Types of Groups
* Formal
* Informal
### Group Development Stages
1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning
---
## Module 7: Power and Political Behaviour
### Power
Ability to influence others.
### Sources
* Position
* Expertise
* Reward
* Coercion
### Political Behaviour
Activities used to gain influence.
---
## Module 8: Conflict
### Meaning
Disagreement between individuals or groups.
### Types
* Intrapersonal
* Interpersonal
* Intergroup
### Conflict Process
1. Potential opposition
2. Perception
3. Intention
4. Behaviour
5. Outcome
---
## Module 9: Communication
### Meaning
Exchange of information.
### Types
* Verbal
* Non-verbal
* Written
### Barriers
* Language problems
* Noise
* Misunderstanding
---
## Module 10: International Organizational Behaviour
### Meaning
Study of behaviour in multinational organizations.
### Focus Areas
* Cultural differences
* Global workforce
* International management practices
---
# BBA-204: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
## Module 1: Introduction
### Environmental Education
Understanding environmental issues and solutions.
### Sustainable Development
Meeting present needs without harming future generations.
---
## Module 2: Ecosystems
### Ecosystem
Interaction between living and non-living components.
### Components
* Producers
* Consumers
* Decomposers
### Food Chain
Flow of energy from one organism to another.
### Food Web
Interconnected food chains.
### Biodiversity
Variety of living organisms.
---
## Module 3: Environmental Pollution
### Types
### Air Pollution
Caused by smoke, vehicles, industries.
### Water Pollution
Caused by sewage and chemicals.
### Land Pollution
Caused by waste disposal.
### Noise Pollution
Caused by loud sounds.
### Control Measures
* Afforestation
* Recycling
* Waste management
---
## Module 4: Environmental Protection
### Club of Rome
Organization studying global environmental problems.
### Renewable Energy Sources
* Solar
* Wind
* Water
* Biomass
* Geothermal
### Environmental Movements
* Chipko Movement
* Narmada Bachao Andolan
* Tehri Dam Movement
---
## Module 5: Environmental Policies and Legislation
### Environmental Laws
* Environment Protection Act, 1986
* Water Act, 1974
* Air Act, 1981
### EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment)
Evaluates environmental effects of projects before approval.
### Importance
* Environmental protection
* Sustainable industrial development
* Pollution control
### Most Important Exam Topics
**Operations Management:** EOQ, Plant Location, Plant Layout, TPM, MRP, ERP, JIT,
Quality Control.
**Organizational Behaviour:** Personality, Perception, Attitudes, Group Dynamics, Conflict,
Communication.
**Environmental Science:** Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Pollution, Sustainable Development,
EIA, Environmental Acts.
These are the topics most frequently asked in MAKAUT BBA Semester-II examinations.