Unit 1: Scratch Basics & Creative Play (Sessions 1–16)
Session 1: Introduction to Scratch
What is Coding?
Coding is the process of giving instructions to a computer so it knows what to do.
Just like we give instructions to students step-by-step in class, block coding gives step-
by-step instructions to a computer using visual programming language, Scratch.
Give a real-life example
“Teacher: Stand up → Turn around → Sit down
Students follow the instructions, right?
That is like coding!”
Start with Visual Programming in Scratch
• Visual languages help you learn logic without worrying about syntax.
• Drag-and-drop coding blocks to crate stories, games, and animations.
• Understand basic programming concepts like Sequence, loops, conditionals, and
variables.
In Scratch
• When green flag clicked
• Move 10 steps
• Say “Hello!”
Scratch user interface
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1. Stage Area
2. Sprite List
3. Block Palette
4. Coding Area
5. Toolbar (Save & Open your project)
Stage Area Where the program Run Area (Click the green Flag)
You can choose sprite for
your program. You can choose
different backdrops
for your scene.
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Use X- Y Grid Scratch uses a coordinate
system to place sprites on the stage.
The center of the stage is (x:0, y:0)
The x-axis goes left to right:
Left edge: x = -240
Right edge: x=240
The y-axis goes up and down:
Tope edge: y = 180 Bottom edge: y =-180
Sizing the sprite There are 3 Ways to change sprite size in scratch:
[Link] the Size Box.
Click on the sprite in the sprite list.
Look for the “Size” box (under the stage)
Type a number:
• 100 = normal size
• 50 = half the size
• 200 = twice as big
Change resizes the Sprite
Use code blocks Go to the “Looks” blocks:
Change size by increase or decrease by
(number)%
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The Costume Editor (Manual Scaling)
1. Click the Costumes tab.
2. Use the Select tool (arrow) to
click on your sprite.
3. Drag the corner handles to resize.
If you need to change the sprite design
with drawing tools.
Note: Using "Convert to Vector" provides better
quality when scaling.
Block Palette (Middle Left)
❖ Contains all the coding blocks you can drag and drop
to create your code.
Category Purpose
Motion Move sprite, control (X, Y) position
Looks Change costume, speech, backdrop
Sound Add music or sound effects
Events Start actions (When Green Flag Clicked, When Key Pressed)
Control Loops (Repeat), Conditions (If-Then)
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Sprite 1 (Cat)
Add another Sprite (Puppy)
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Change fashion
Harper sprite
Accessories Sprites(T_shirt, shoe, Dress, _ _ _)
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Session 2: Animating Sprites
Session 3: Events & Interactions
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Parrot Sprite
Session 4: Coordinates & Direction
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Sprite moves square movement
Sprite bounce
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Extra exercise: Pong game
Ball sprite
Paddle sprite
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Line sprite
Session 5: Loops & Patterns
Draw square, triangle shape and rectangle
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Draw pentagon, hexagon, octagon and circle
Extra exercise
Star shape
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Session 6: Introduction to Storytelling
Pico
Giga
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Session 7: Mini Project – Dancing Characters
Ballerina
Sport light Sprite
Jovi dan
Extra exercise Dance Battle
Jouvi Dance
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Ten 80 sprite
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Sport light
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Session 8: Movement Controls with keyboard
Dinosaur 4
Hatchling
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Arrow Keys Control Sprite moves
Session 9: Broadcast Messages
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Session 10: Backgrounds and Scenes (Storytelling & Interactive story)
The lost hat story
Bear
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Puppy
Hat
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Session 11: Variables Introduction
Cat catch coin
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Extra Maze Game
Session 12: Conditional Logic (If Statements & Sensing)
Wizard toad collect stars, timer and obstacles
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Session 13: Cloning Sprites
Fish game
Fish
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Shark
Session 14: Simple Chase Game
Enemies
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Shooter
Session 15: Scrolling Background (Side-scrolling Games)
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Session 16: Project Improvement Day _ Mini Project 2
Flappy bird
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Game Development & Advanced Thinking
(Shortened overview – can expand if you’d like detailed script)
• Session 17: Timer & Countdown
• Session 18: Cloning Basics
• Session 19: Catching Game
• Session 20: Maze Game
• Session 21: Project Planning
• Session 22: Debug & Polish
• Session 23: Final Presentation & Celebration
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