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LoOPS INRPROGRAMMING
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fundamental execution perfoming
Loops are allow
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of a vector,
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code [Link] are used for iterating
is satisfied. They
and automating.
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Theto Loop iterations is known, i.e., when
when the number of
The for loop is used required.
eract number of iterations
Syntax
for (variable in sequence) {
statemnents
6.7
Conditions and Control Flow, Loops, Functions and the apply family in R
Example : Write an R program using a for loop to print the square of numbers trom 1
to 5.
Solution:
for (i in l :5) {
print(i^2)
Output :
[1]1
[1]4
[1]9
(1] 16
[1]25
The while Loop
The while loop continues execution as long as the condition holds TRUE. It is useful
when the number of iterations is unknown beforehand.
Syatax :
CoolodO bievnt
while (condition )
statement oMwssbtiw bolool
Example :Write an R program using a while loop to print numbers from 1 to 5
Solution:
#Input
while (i <= 5)( #While loopolls agpol
print(i)
i<i+1
Output :
(1]1
(1]4 beipes olos o
(1) 16
(1)25
6.8
Business Analytics
Rscreen output :The output for (i) for loop and (ü) while loop is as :
Oeng stu tures RStudio
ode Ve Phti Sesean Busld Deug Protte look Help
Addrm
Source on Save
Souce
4- for (1 in 1:$) (
print(1A2)
hle (1
rint(1)
5) (
442 CAeShnetriertetog/Bies Aratytics Bokotroeng strutur
Por (1 in 1:5) {
prinr(1a2)
The Repeat Loop
The repeat loop runs indefinitely until terminated by [Link] the repeatloop
we use abreak keyword. Repeat loop does not check for acondition before execution but
is used.
keeps on executing the code indefinitely until a break
Syntax :
repeat {
statement
iI (condition) (
break
6.9
Conditions and Control Flow, Loops, Functions and the apply family in R
Example:Write an R program using a repeat loop to display numbers rom lto 8and
stop the loop using the break statement.
Solution :
i<-l
repeat {
print(i)
i<-i+l
if (i>5) break
Output :
(1) 1
(1]4
[1]9
(1] 16
(1] 25
Loop Control Statements
To control the flow of execution within loops, loop control statements are used. They
help decide when to continue, skip or terminate a loop during execution of the code. Two
types of loop control statements are used :
Break :It is used to terminate the loop immediately.
Syatax :
break
Next :It is used toskip the current iteration and move to next iteration in the loop.
Syntax :
next
Example :Write an R program using a for loop to print numbers from l to 6, skipping
the number 3 using the next statement.
Solution:
lor (i in 1 :6)(eto eodbetio
it(( ==3) next
print(1)
Output
[1] 1
[1]2
(1]4
[1]8
[1]6
6.10 Business Analytics