Py

thon
 Pythonisady nami callyty
ped,GeneralPurposeProgrammingLanguage
thatsupportsanobj ect-ori
ent
edprogrammi ngapproachaswellasa
functi
onalprogrammi ngapproach.
 Pythonisalsoani nterpretedandhigh-
levelprogr
ammi ngl
anguage.
 I
twascr eatedbyGui doVanRossum i n1989.

Feat
uresofPy
thon
 Pythonissimpleandeasyt ounderstand.
 Iti
sInter
pretedandpl atf
orm- i
ndependentwhichmakesdebuggingv er
y
easy.
 Pythonisanopen- sourceprogrammi nglanguage.
 Pythonprovidesverybiglibrar
ysuppor t
.Someoft hepopul
arli
brari
es
i
ncludeNumPy ,Tensorfl
ow, Sel
enium, OpenCV,et
c.
 Iti
spossibletointegr
ateot herprogr
ammi ngl
anguageswit
hinpython.

Whati
sPy
thonusedf
or
 Pythoni susedinDat aVisualizati
ontocreat
epl otsandgraphi
cal
representati
ons.
 Pythonhel psinDat aAnalyt
icst oanal
yzeandunder standrawdatafor
i
nsightsandt rends.
 I
tisusedi nAIandMachi neLear ningtosimulatehumanbehav i
orandt o
l
earnf rom pastdatawi t
houthar dcoding.
 I
tisusedt ocreatewebappl icati
ons.
 I
tcanbeusedt ohandledatabases.
 I
tisusedi nbusinessandaccount i
ngtoperf
or m complexmathematical
operationsalongwi thquanti
tativeandquali
tati
veanalysi
s

St
art
ingPy
thon:
OpenPy t
honI
DEoranyothertextedi
torofyourpref
err
[Link]’
s
understandpy
thoncodeexecuti
onwiththesimplestpr
intst
[Link]
thefoll
owingi
ntheIDE:

Pr
int(
“hel
l
owor
d!!
!”
)
Nowsavet
hef
il
ewi
tha.
pyext
ensi
onandRuni
[Link]
l
lgett
hef
oll
owi
ng
out
put

Resul
tshow:

Hel
l
owor
d!!
!

WhatisSyntax?
Insimpl
estwords,Sy
nt axisthearrangementofwor dsandphrasesto
creat
ewell-
for
medsent encesi [Link] er
l
anguage,thesynt
axist hestruct
uralarr
angementofcomment s,vari
ables,
numbers,oper
ator
s,statement s,
loops,funct
ions,classes,
obj
ects,etc.
whichhel
psusunderstandt hemeani ngorsemant icsofacomput er
l
anguage.

ForE.g.a‘comment
’isusedt
oexpl
aint
hef
uncti
oni
ngofabl
ockofcode.I
t
star
tswith‘#’
.
Moreoncomment sinthecomment
schapt
er.

Pyt
honComment s
Acommenti sapartoft
hecodingfi
lethatt
heprogrammerdoesnotwantto
execut
e,r
athert
heprogr
ammerusesi ttoei
therexpl
ainablockofcodeor
toavoi
dtheexecut
ionofaspecif
icpar
tofcodewhi l
etest
ing.

Si
ngl
e-Li
neComment
s:
Towr
it
eacommentj
ustadda‘
#’att
hest
artoft
hel
i
ne

#Thi
sisa'
Singl
e-Li
neComment
'
pr
int
("
Thi
sisapr
intst
atement
."
)

Out
put
:

Thi
sisapr
intst
atement
.
.

Exampl
e3:

pr
int
("
Pyt
honPr
ogr
am"
)
#pr
int
("
Pyt
honPr
ogr
am"
)

Out
put
:

Py
thonPr
ogr
am

Mul
ti
-Li
neComment
s:
Towritemulti
-l
i
necomment
syoucanuse‘
#’ateachl
i
neory
oucanuset
he
mult
il
inest
ring.
Example1:Theuseof‘
#’

#I
twi
l
lexecut
eabl
ockofcodei
faspeci
fi
edcondi
ti
oni
str
ue.
#I
fthecodi
ti
oni
sfal
set
hani
twi
l
lexecut
eanot
herbl
ockofcode.
p=7
i
f(p>5)
:
pr
int
("
pisgr
eat
ert
han5.
")
el
se:
pr
int
("
pisnotgr
eat
ert
han5.
")

Out
put
:

pi
sgr
eat
ert
han5.

PythonVar iables
Var i
ablesar econt ai
nersthatst
oreinf
ormati
onthatcanbemanipulat
edand
referencedl aterbyt heprogr
ammerwi t
hint
hecode.
Inpy thon,thepr ogrammerdoesnotneedt odecl
arethevari
abl
etype
explicit
ly,wejustneedt oassi
gnthevaluet
othevari
able.
Exampl e
name="
Abhi
shek"#t
ypest
r
age=20 #t
ypei
nt
passed=Tr
ue #t
ypebool

I
tisalwaysadvi
sabl
etokeepv
ari
ablenamesdescr
ipt
iveandt
ofol
l
owaset
ofconvent
ionswhil
ecr
eati
ngvar
iabl
es:

 Vari
ablenamecanonl ycontainalpha-numeri
ccharact
ersand
underscor
es(A-z,
0-9,and_)
 Vari
ablenamemustst artwithaletterortheunder
scorechar
act
er.
 Vari
ablesarecasesensiti
ve.
 Vari
ablenamecannotst artwit
hanumber .

Exampl
e:
Col
or="
yel
l
ow" #v
ali
dvar
iabl
ename
cOl
or="
red" #v
ali
dvar
iabl
ename
_
col
or="
blue" #v
ali
dvar
iabl
ename

5col
or="
green" #i
nval
i
dvar
iabl
ename
$col
or="
orange"#i
nval
i
dvar
iabl
ename

Scopeofv
ari
abl
e:
Thescopeofthevari
abl
eistheareawi
thi
nwhicht
hev ari
abl
ehasbeen
creat
[Link]
sav ar
iabl
ecanei
therhav
ealocalscopeoragl
obal
scope.

Local
Var
iabl
e:

Alocalvari
abl
eiscr
eatedwi
thi
naf uncti
onandcanbeonl
yusedi
nsi
det
hat
f
[Link]
iabl
ehasalocalscope
i
cecr
eam ="
Vani
l
la" #gl
obal
var
iabl
e
deff
oods(
):
v
eget
abl
e="
Pot
ato" #l
ocal
var
iabl
e
f
rui
t="
Lichi
" #l
ocal
var
iabl
e
pr
int
(veget
abl
e+"i
sal
ocal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
")
pr
int
(i
cecr
eam +"i
sagl
obal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
")
pr
int
(fr
uit+"i
sal
ocal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
")

f
oods(
)

Out
put
:
Pot
atoi
sal
ocal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
Vani
l
lai
sagl
obal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
Li
chi
isal
ocal
var
iabl
eval
ue.

Gl
obal
Var
iabl
e:

Aglobal
var
iabl
eiscreat
edinthemainbodyoft
hecodeandcanbeused
any
wherewithi
[Link]
iabl
ehasaglobal
scope

Exampl
e:-

i
cecr
eam ="
Vani
l
la" #gl
obal
var
iabl
e
deff
oods(
):
v
eget
abl
e="
Pot
ato" #l
ocal
var
iabl
e
f
rui
t="
Lichi
" #l
ocal
var
iabl
e
pr
int
(veget
abl
e+"i
sal
ocal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
")

f
oods(
)
pr
int
(i
cecr
eam +"i
sagl
obal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
")
pr
int
(fr
uit+"i
sal
ocal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
")

Out
put
:-
Pot
atoi
sal
ocal
var
iabl
eval
ue.
Vani
l
lai
sagl
obal
var
iabl
eval
ue.