Vision Class Academy (Shikrapur-Pune)

IONIC EQUILIBRIA Marks: 50

ANSWER KEY

Chemistry

Q.1 B Q.2 D Q.3 B Q.4 A Q.5 B Q.6 B Q.7 B Q.8 D

Q.9 A Q.10 D Q.11 D Q.12 B Q.13 C Q.14 A Q.15 C Q.16 A

Q.17 B Q.18 B Q.19 B Q.20 D Q.21 C Q.22 B Q.23 A Q.24 A

Q.25 D Q.26 B Q.27 A Q.28 D Q.29 B Q.30 B Q.31 D Q.32 B

Q.33 A Q.34 D Q.35 B Q.36 D Q.37 D Q.38 D Q.39 C Q.40 B

Q.41 D Q.42 B Q.43 A Q.44 A Q.45 A Q.46 C Q.47 B Q.48 C

Q.49 D Q.50 C

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 SOLUTION

Chemistry

Q.1 What is the pH of a 2.6 × 10–8 M H+ ion Correct option: (B)

solution? (log 2.6 = 0.4150)
Correct option: (B)
[OH–] = c = 0.2 M
pH = –log10[H+]
[H+] [OH–] = 1.0 × 10–14 (At 298 K)
= –log10(2.6 × 10–8) ∴ [H+] = = 5 × 10–14 M
= –log10 2.6 – log10 10–8
= –0.4150 + 8 = 7.585 Q.6 The pH of 0.1 M solution of monobasic
≈ 7.6 acid is 2.34. Calculate the degree of
dissociation of the acid.
Q.2 Which of the following species acts as
Correct option: (B)
Bronsted–Lowry acid as well as base?
pH = –log10[H+]
Correct option: (D)
The conjugate acid of is . ∴ log10[H+] = –pH = –2.34

The conjugate base of is . ∴ [H+] = 10(–2.34) = 4.571 × 10–3 M

For a monobasic acid,
Therefore, acts as Bronsted–Lowry acid
[H+] = α c
as well as base.
∴ α=
Q.3 The solubility of salt is 4 × 10–4 mol
=
dm–3. What is solubility product of the
salt?
= 4.571 × 10–2
Correct option: (B)
BA2(s) Q.7 What is the value of pH of a NaOH
solution that dissociates 2% in its 0.01 M
Here, x = 1, y = 2 solution?
Ksp = xx yy Sx+y = (1)1 (2)2 S1+2 = 4S3 Correct option: (B)
NaOH Na+ + OH–
∴ Ksp = 4 × (4 × 10–4)3

= 256× 10–12 = 2.56 × 10–10 α= = = 2 × 10–2 =

Q.4 Which of the following solutions has pH 0.02

equal to 7?
Now [OH–] = α × c × z
Correct option: (A)
MHCl VHCl = MNaOH VNaOH = 2 × 10–2 × 0.01 M (∵ z = 1)
0.1 × 50 = 0.1 × 50 = 2 × 10–4 M
∴ nHCl = nNaOH ∴ pOH = –log10[OH–] = –log10(2 × 10–4) =
Hence, it becomes a neutral solution (pH = 7). 3.6989
Q.5 ∴ pH = 14 – 3.6989 = 10.3011
What is the [H+] in 0.1 M solution of
Ba(OH)2?
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Q.8 Which of the following species is an salt is derived solution
example of Lewis acid? KCN Weak acid HCN +
Basic
Strong base KOH
Correct option: (D)
Na2SO4 Strong acid H2SO4 +
Neutral
Strong base NaOH
Q.9 What is pH of a centimolar solution of Strong acid HCl +
FeCl3 Acidic
? Weak base Fe(OH)3
Weak acid CH3COOH
Correct option: (A) CH3COONa Basic
+ Strong base NaOH
[H2SO4] = 2 × C = 2 × 0.01 M = 2 × 10–2 M

pH = –log10[H+] = –log10[2 × 10–2] Q.14 Calculate pOH of a 0.002 M monoacidic

= –log102 – log1010–2 base having 2 % dissociation.
Correct option: (A)
= –log102 + 2
∴ pH = 2 – 0.3010 = 1.7 α= = = 2 × 10–2

Q.10 What is the pH of 2 × 10–3 M solution of For a monoacidic weak base,

monoacidic weak base if it ionizes to the [OH–] = α c = 2 × 10–2 × 2 × 10–3
extent of 5%?
= 4 × 10–5 M
Correct option: (D)
pOH = – log10[OH–] = – log10(4 × 10–5)
α= = = 5 × 10–2
= –(log104 + log1010–5) = 4.4
For a monoacidic weak base,
Q.15 What is the pH of buffer solution
[OH–] = α c = 5 × 10–2 × 2 × 10–3 prepared by mixing 0.01 M weak acid
= 10 × 10–5 and 0.02 M salt of weak acid with strong
= 10–4 M base? (pKa = 4.680)
Correct option: (C)
pOH = – log10[OH–] = – log10(10–4) = 4
pH = 14 – pOH = 14 – 4 = 10 pH = pKa + log10

Q.11 Identify the conjugate acid-base pair

from the following equilibrium reaction. = 4.680 + log10

= 4.680 + 0.3010 = 4.981

Correct option: (D) Thinking Hatke
For an acidic buffer,
if [salt] > [acid], then pH > pKa.

Q.16 What is the pH of the solution containing

Q.12 Which among the following is the
conjugate acid of R-NH2? 2.34 × 10–3 M H+ ions?
Correct option: (A)
Correct option: (B)
pH = –log10[H+]

= – [log10(2.34 × 10–3)]
Q.13 Which of the following aqueous solution
= – [log10(2.34) + log10(10–3)]
of salts is acidic in nature?
= – [log10(2.34) + (–3)]
Correct option: (C)
Salt = – log10(2.34) + 3 = – 0.3692 + 3 = 2.63
Nature of acid and Nature of
base from which the salt
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Thinking Hatke mL saturated solution (molar mass BA =
–log10(10–x) = x 200 g mol–1)
Correct option: (D)
–log10(y × 10–x) = x – logy
BA (s)
Q.17 Calculate degree of dissociation of
weak monobasic acid x = 1, y = 1
Ksp = xx yy Sx+y = (1)1 (1)1 S1+1 = S2

∴ S=
Correct option: (B)
K a = α2 c = 7 × 10–5 mol dm–3

Degree of dissociation (α) = Solubility (g dm–3)

= molar solubility (mol dm–3) × Molar mass (g
= mol–1)
= 7 × 10–5 mol dm–3 × 200 g mol–1
= 2 × 10-2
= 14 ×10–3 g dm–3
Q.18 Identify the conjugate acids of H2O and ∵ 14 ×10–3 g of salt is present in 1 dm3 (1000
respectively. mL)
∴ Amount of salt present in 100 mL
Correct option: (B)
Conjugate acid is formed when a Bronsted-Lowry = g = 1.4 ×10–3 g
base accepts a proton.
Hence, the conjugate acid of H2O is H3O+ and of Q.21 A substance containing hydrogen and
is H3PO4. releasing H+ in aqueous medium is acid.
Identify theory suggesting this concept,
Q.19 A weak monobasic acid is 10% from following.
dissociated in 0.05 M solution. What is Correct option: (C)
its percentage dissociation in 0.10 M
solution?
Q.22 A weak monobasic acid is 4% dissociated
Correct option: (B)
in its 0.001 M solution. What is its
Given: α1 = 10 % = = 0.1, c1 = 0.05 M, c2 dissociation constant?
Correct option: (B)
= 0.10 M, α2 = ?
α=
Ka =

∴
∴ (0.1)2 × 0.05 = × 0.10

∴ = = 50 × 10–4 Ka = α2 c = (0.04)2 × 0.001 = 1.6 ×10–6

Q.23 What is the of millimolar solution

∴ α2 = = 7.1 × 10–2 = 7.1 %
of
Q.20 The solubility product of sparingly
Correct option: (A)
soluble salt BA is 4.9 × 10–9. Calculate
1 mM = 10–3 M
amount of salt in gram present in 100

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 Ca(OH)2 + (completely dissociates), so the law does not apply.

10–3 M 2 × 10–3 M Q.28 A weak monobasic acid is 1.6%

dissociated in its 0.01 M solution at 298
∴ pOH = –log10[OH–] = –log10 (2 × 10–3) =
K, calculate the value of dissociation
2.7 constant of weak acid.
Q.24 Which among the following salt solution Correct option: (D)
in water is acidic in nature? α= = = 1.6 × 10–2
Correct option: (A)
(A) CuCl2 : Salt of strong acid and weak base: c = 0.01 M = 1 × 10–2 M
Solution is acidic.
Using formula, Ka = α2 c
(B) NH4CN : Salt of weak acid and weak base
Ka = (1.6 × 10–2)2 × 1 × 10–2 = 2.56 × 10–6
for which Ka < Kb : Solution is basic.
(C) KCN : Salt of weak acid and strong base: Q.29 What is the pH of millimolar solution of
Solution is basic. NaOH?
(D) CH3COONa: Salt of weak acid and strong Correct option: (B)

base: Solution is basic. 1 mM = 10–3 M

Q.25 What is the value of dissociation

constant of formic acid if 0.2 M solution ∴ pOH = –log10[OH–] = –log10(10–3) = 3
is 3.2% ionised? ∴ pH = 14 – pOH = 14 – 3 = 11
Correct option: (D)
Q.30 The solubility product of a sparingly
Percentage dissociation = 3.2 %
soluble salt AB is 3.6 × 10–7. What is its
Degree of dissociation (α) = = 0.032
solubility in mol dm–3?
Correct option: (B)
Dissociation constant (Ka​) = α2 c
AB A+ + B –
= (0.032)2 × 0.2
∴ x = 1, y = 1
= 2.048 × 10–4 = 2.05 × 10–4
Ksp = xx yy Sx+y = (1)1 (1)1 S1+1 = S2
Q.26 The solubility of sparingly soluble salt
∴ S=
AX2 is 1.5 × 10–3 mol dm–3. What is its
solubility product? ∴ S=
Correct option: (B)
AX2(s) = = 6.0 × 10–4 mol dm–3

Here, x = 1, y = 2 Q.31 0.05 M solution of hypochlorous acid has

Ksp= xx yy Sx+y = (1)1 (2)2 S1+2 = 4S3 ionization constant 2.5 × 10–5. Calculate
its percent dissociation.
∴ Ksp = 4 × (1.5 × 10–3)3 = 1.35 × 10–8
Correct option: (D)
Q.27 Identify the compound from following so Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a weak monobasic
that Ostwald’s dilution law is NOT acid.
applicable to it.
∴ K a = α2 c
Correct option: (A)
Ostwald’s dilution law applies to weak ∴ α= = = 0.02236
electrolytes. NaOH is a strong electrolyte

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 Percent dissociation = α × 100 Correct option: (D)
= 0.02236 × 100
= 2.236 % Ksp = xx yy Sx+y = 11 × 11 × S1+1 = S2
Q.32 What is the value of pKa if 0.1 M ∴ S=
CH3COONa and 0.01 M CH3COOH are
mixed to form buffer solution having pH =
4.50?
= 1.27 × 10–12 mol dm–3
Correct option: (B)
For an acidic buffer solution, Q.37 What is the pH of 0.02 M NaOH
solution?
pH = pKa + log10
Correct option: (D)

4.50 = pKa + log10

pOH = – log10[OH–]
= pKa + log10(10) = –log10 (0.02)
pKa = 4.50 – 1 = 3.5 = –log10 (2 × 10–2)
Q.33 Solubility of a salt A2B3 is 1 × 10–3 mol = 2 – 0.3010
= 1.6990
dm–3. What is the value of its solubility
∴ pH =14 – pOH = 14 – 1.6990 = 12.301
product?
Correct option: (A) Q.38 Aqueous solutions of ammonium
chloride, potassium cyanide and sodium
Here, x = 2, y = 3 formate are respectively
Correct option: (D)
Ksp= xx yy Sx+y

= (2)2 (3)3 S2+3

Q.39 What is the of
= 108S5
Ksp = 108 × (1 × 10–3)5 solution?
Correct option: (C)
= 108 × 10–15
pOH = –log10[OH–] = –log10(0.004) = 2.39
= 1.08 × 10–13
pH = 14 – pOH = 14 – 2.39 = 11.6
Q.34 The degree of dissociation of weak acid
–4 Q.40 Which among the following salts turns
is 7.2 × 10 . What is the value of its
percent dissociation in 0.025 M solution? blue litmus red in its aqueous
Correct option: (D) solution.
–4 Correct option: (B)
Percent dissociation = α × 100 = 7.2 × 10 × 100
= 0.072% NaNO3 and KNO3 are neutral salts (derived from

Q.35 Which among the following is NOT an strong acid HNO3 and strong bases NaOH/KOH).
example of salt of weak acid and weak KCN is a salt derived from weak acid (HCN) and
base? strong base (KOH) thus basic and turns red litmus
Correct option: (B) blue in its aqueous solution.
Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is a salt of strong NH4NO3 is a salt derived from strong acid
acid, HCl and weak base, NH4OH. (HNO3) and weak base (NH4OH) and thus acidic
and turns blue litmus red in its aqueous solution.
Q.36 What is the solubility of zinc sulphide if
its solubility product is 1.6 × 10–24?
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Q.41 Which from following substances acts as =
a base when reacted with water?
Correct option: (D) = 1.650 × 10–4
Thinking Hatke
We know that, = 1 and = 2.
Q.42 A buffer solution is prepared by mixing
0.1 M HCN and 0.2 M NaCN. What is < <
the pH of buffer solution if pKa of HCN
Therefore, < 2.
is 9.3?
Only option (A) satisfies this condition.
Correct option: (B)
For an acidic buffer solution, Q.45 Calculate the concentration of weak
pH = pKa + log10 monobasic acid if and

= 9.3 + log10
Correct option: (A)

= 9.3 + log102 For weak acids, Ka = α2 c

= 9.3 + 0.3010 ∴
= 9.6010
Thinking Hatke
Q.46 The concentration of hydrogen ions in a
For acidic buffer, if [Salt] > [Acid], then pH > pKa
sample of soft drink is 3.5 × 10–3 M.
of acid. Hence, only option (B) is valid.
What is its pH value?
Q.43 Calculate dissociation constant of weak Correct option: (C)
monobasic acid if it is 1.6 % dissociated
pH = –log10[H+]
in 0.05 M solution.
Correct option: (A) = –log10(3.5 × 10–3)
α= = = 16 × 10–3
= –log10(3.5) – log10(10–3)
= –0.5441 + 3
c = 0.05 M = 5 × 10–2 M
= 2.4559 ≈ 2.46
K a = α2 c
Thinking Hatke
Ka = (16 × 10–3)2 × 5 × 10–2 = 1.28 × 10–5 When H+ concentration is 1 × 10–3 M, the pH
Q.44 The solubility product of Mg(OH)2 is 1.8 would be 3. Hence, when H+ concentration is 3.5

× 10–11 at 298 K. What is its solubility in × 10–3 M, the pH should be less than 3.
Hence, only option (C) is valid.
mol dm–3?
Correct option: (A) Q.47 Find solubility in terms of mol L–1 if
solubility product of silver bromide is 6.4
Here, x = 1, y = 2
× 10–13.
∴ Ksp = xx yy Sx+y = (1)1 (2)2 S1+2 = 4S3 Correct option: (B)

∴ S=
∴ x = 1, y = 1
Ksp = xx yy Sx+y = (1)1 (1)1 S1+1 = S2
=
∴ S=

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 = pH = –log10[H+]

= ∴ [H+] = Antilog (–pH) = Antilog (–6.4)

= Antilog (– 6 – 1 + 1 – 0.4)
= 8 × 10–7 mol L–1
= Antilog (−7 + 0.6)
Q.48 What is the value of hydrogen ion = Antilog = 3.981 × 10–7 M
concentration, if 0.025 M weak
monobasic acid is 2.5% dissociated in its Q.50 What is the pH of 0.005 M NaOH
aqueous solution? solution?
Correct option: (C) Correct option: (C)
α = 2.5 % = = 0.025
pOH = –log10 [OH–]
[H+] = α × c × z = –log10 [0.005]
For a monobasic acid, z = 1
= –log10 (5 × 10–3)
∴ [H+] = 0.025 × 0.025 M
= 6.25 × 10–4 M = – [log 10–3 + log 5]
= – [–3 + 0.699]
Q.49 If the pH is 6.4, what is the value of [H+] = – [–2.301]
(antilog 0.60 = 3.981)? = 2.301
Correct option: (D) pOH + pH = 14
∴ pH = 14 – 2.301 = 11.699 ≈ 11.7

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