Access
Database ﻗواﻋد اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت
Database Is related to one subject ﻗﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﻧﺗﻣﻰ اﻟﻰ ﻣوﺿوع واﺣد
Database stores data into tables
ﻗﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﻘوم ﺑﺗﺧزﯾن اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻓﻰ ﺟداول
Database stores data in structured way
ﻗﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﻘوم ﺑﺗﺧزﯾن اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﺑطرﯾﻘﮫ ﻣﻧظﻣﮫ
Every table contains data related to a single subject
ﻛل ﺟدول ﯾﺣﺗوى ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﮫ ﻣن اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﺧص ﻋﻧﺻر واﺣد ﻓﻘط
Every table contains number of records
ﻛل ﺟدول ﯾﺣﺗوى ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﮫ ﻣن اﻟﺳﺟﻼت
Each record represents a line in the table
ﻛل ﺳﺟل ﯾﻣﺛل ﺧط او ﺻف ﻓﻰ اﻟﺟدول
Columns = Fields
The field in database contains one data element
اﻟﺣﻘل ﻓﻰ اﻟﺟدول ﯾﺣﺗوى ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻧﺻر واﺣد ﻓﻘط ﻣن اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت
The field is the smallest item in database
اﻟﺣﻘل ھو اﺻﻐر ﻋﻧﺻر ﻓﻰ ﻗﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت
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ﻋﻧﺎﺻر ﻗﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت Database elements
اﻟﺟدول 1. Table
اﻻﺳﺗﻌﻼﻣﺎت 2. Queries
اﻟﻧﻣﺎذج 3. Forms
اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﯾر 4. Reports
Tables
The table is the main item in database and is used to enter data
اﻟﺟدول ھو اﻟﻌﻧﺻر اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﻰ ﻓﻰ ﻗﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﺎﯾﻧﺎت و ﯾﺗم اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﮫ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت
Queries
Are used to analyze data
ﯾﺳﺗﺧدم اﻻﺳﺗﻌﻼم ﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل و ﻓرز اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت
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Applying filters to tables
ﻓرز اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت داﺧل اﻟﺟداول
Forms
Are used to Delete, Find, maintain and adding records
ﯾﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﻧﻣوذج ﻟﺣذف و اﻟﺑﺣث و ادارة و اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺳﺟﻼت
Reports
Are used to print data from tables or queries in organized way
ﯾﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﺗﻘرﯾر ﻟطﺑﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻣن اﻟﺟداول و اﻻﺳﺗﻌﻼﻣﺎت ﺑﺷﻛل ﻣرﺗب
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Relational database ﻗواﻋد ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ رواﺑط
Contains related or linked tables
ﺗﺣﺗوى ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟداول ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ رواﺑط
Relational database is used to reduce data duplication
ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﻗواﻋد اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺗﻰ ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ رواﺑط ﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾل ﺗﻛرار اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت
To create relationships between tables:
ﻻﻧﺷﺎء رواﺑط ﺑﯾن اﻟﺟداول
You should match a unique field from a table with a field in another table
ﯾﺟب ﻋﻠﯾك رﺑط ﺣﻘل واﺣد ﻣن ﺟدول ﺑﺣﻘل ﻣن ﺟدول اﺧر
You should match a field from one table with a single field in another
table with the same names
ﯾﺟب ﻋﻠﯾك رﺑط ﺣﻘل واﺣد ﻣن ﺟدول ﺑﺣﻘل ﻓﻰ ﺟدول اﺧر ﺑﺷرط ان ﯾﻛون ﻟﮭﺎ ﻧﻔس اﻻﺳم
Primary key ﺣﻘل اﺳﺎﺳﻰ
A field in the table contains unique data and usually is number
ھو ﻋﺑﺎره ﻋن ﺣﻘل ﻓﻰ اﻟﺟدول ﯾﺣﺗوى ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻟﯾس ﺑﮭﺎ ﺗﻛرار و ﻏﺎﻟﺑﺎ ﺗﻛون ارﻗﺎم
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Referential Integrity اﻟﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﯾﮫ اﻟﻣرﺟﻌﯾﮫ
Prevents deleting records in the parent table if they have related records
in the child table
ﺗﻣﻧﻊ ﺣذف اﻟﺳﺟﻼت ﻣن اﻟﺟدول اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﻰ اذا ﻛﺎﻧت ھﻧﺎك ﺳﺟﻼت ﻣرﺗﺑطﮫ ﺑﮭﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺟدول
اﻟﻔرﻋﻰ
Prevents entering records in the child table if they haven’t related
records in the parent table
ﺗﻣﻧﻊ اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻓﻰ اﻟﺟدول اﻟﻔرﻋﻰ ﻟﯾس ﻟﮭﺎ اﺳﺎس ﻓﻰ اﻟﺟدول اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﻰ
Field Properties
Field size property ﺧﺎﺻﯾﺔ ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺣﻘل
When you reduce the field size, existing data maybe lost
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Reducing the field size may cause data loss
ﻋﻧد ﺗﻘﻠﯾل ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺣﻘل اﺣﺗﻣﺎل ان ﯾﺗﺳﺑب ذﻟك ﻓﻰ ﻓﻘد اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻣوﺟوده
Index اﻟﻔﮭرس
Is used to sort data in fields ﯾﺳﺗﺧدم ﻟﺗرﺗﯾب اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت داﺧل اﻟﺣﻘول
Is used with fields that are frequently sorted
ﯾﺳﺗﺧدم ﻣﻊ اﻟﺣﻘول اﻟﺗﻰ ﺗﺣﺗﺎج اﻟﻰ ﺗﻧظﯾم ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻣرار
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1. Specialist ﻣﺗﺧﺻص
2. Developer ﻣﺑرﻣﺞ
3. Users ﻣﺳﺗﺧدم
4. Administrator ﻣدﯾر
Professional databases are designed and created by database specialists
or Developers.
ﻗواﻋد اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻣﺗﺧﺻﺻﮫ ﯾﻘوم ﺑﺎﻧﺷﺎﺋﮭﺎ اﻟﻣﺗﺧﺻص او اﻟﻣﺑرﻣﺞ
Data entry, data maintenance and information retrieval are carried out
by users.
ﯾﺗم ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت و اﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﺑﮭﺎ و اﺳﺗدﻋﺎءھﺎ ﺑواﺳطﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧدم
Database administrator provides access to specific data for appropriate
users.
اﻟﻣدﯾر ﻟﻘﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﯾﺳﻣﺢ ﻻﻓراد ﻣﺣددﯾن ﺑﻔﺗﺢ واﺳﺗﺧدام ﻗﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت
Database administrator is responsible for recovery of a database after a
crash or major errors.
اﻟﻣدﯾر ﻟﻘﺎﻋدة اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﺳﺋول ﻋن ﺣل اﻟﻣﺷﺎﻛل و ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ اﻻﺧطﺎء
Some of the common uses of large-scale databases like:
ﺑﻌض اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﺎت ﻗواﻋد اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻛﺑﯾره ﻓﻰ اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت
1. Airline booking systems ﻧظﺎم ﺣﺟز اﻟطﯾران
2. Government records اﻟﺳﺟﻼت اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﯾﮫ
3. Bank account records ﺳﺟﻼت ﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﺑﻧوك
4. Hospital patient details ﺗﺳﺟﯾل ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻣرﺿﻰ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﯾﺎت
5. Students registration ﺗﺳﺟﯾل ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟطﻼب