NOTE-TAKING AND MEMORY TRAINING
Why notes?
✔improve concentration
✔activate memory with cues or signals
✔reduce cognitive load (by recording specific details)
HOW TO NOTE?
•Abbreviations
•Symbols
Mathematics
Signs
Others
HOW TO NOTE
THREE abbreviation techniques
1. Use the first few letters of the word
▪For example:
imp for ‘important’
info for ‘information’
eval for ‘evaluation’
dev for 'development'
HOW TO NOTE
THREE abbreviation techniques
2. Use initials for phrases
Examples:
•UP for 'University of Portsmouth'
•RS for 'reflective skills'
•LG for 'local government’;
•NG for 'national government
HOW TO NOTE
THREE abbreviation techniques
3 Remove all (or most of) the vowels from the word
Use just the key consonants bunched together.
For example:
• mngmt for ‘management’
• mkt for ‘market’ (and mkting for ‘marketing’)
• dvpt for ‘development’
HOW TO NOTE
Common abbreviations
e.g. for example
i.e. in other words (usually used when adding more detail or an explanation)
cf. compared to, by comparison with
w/ with
w/o without
v. very
vv. extremely
C century (e.g. C19 for ‘nineteenth century’)
etc. and so on
K or k a thousand (e.g. 500K for ‘five hundred thousand’)
m a million (e.g. $6m for ‘six million dollars’)
vs. against
Common symbols
& or + and, plus,
– minus, without
= equals, is the same as, results in
≠ does not equal, is not the same as, does not result in
≈ approximately equal to, is similar to
< is less than, is smaller than
> greater than, is larger than
Common symbols
↑ increase, rise, growth
↑↑ rapid increase
↓ decrease, fall, shrinkage
↓↓ rapid decrease
⇒ or ∴ therefore, thus
→ leads on to, produces, causes
x no, not, incorrect
Common symbols
xx definitely not, disproved
? uncertain, possibly, unproven
✓ yes, correct
✓✓ definitely, certain, proven
# number
/ per £50/day instead of ‘fifty pounds per day
HOW TO NOTE
-Lists
HOW TO NOTE
-Mind maps- Sorting and organising info
HOW TO NOTE
-Mind maps
HOW TO NOTE
HOW TO NOTE
▪Outline method
▪Mapping method
▪Paragraph method
HOW TO NOTE
2 layouts of taking notes
a. Diagonal Layout
- The Diagonal Layout, based around a subject-verb-object analysis, is used to reflect the
structure of a speech so as to help interpreters reproduce that easily. Based on this basic
structure interpreters will be able to build in other details if they desire.
subject
verb
object
E.g.: “Prime Minister Pham Van Khai‟s 2005 visit to Washington reflected the
significant improvements in bilateral relations”
Based on the diagonal layout, this could be noted:
05 PM PVK’s vizit WA
HOW TO NOTE
2 layouts of taking notes
a. Diagonal Layout
- subject
verb
object
E.g.: “Prime Minister Pham Van Khai’s 2005 visit to Washington
reflected the significant improvements in bilateral relations”
HOW TO NOTE
2 layouts of taking notes
a. Diagonal Layout
-E.g.: “Prime Minister Pham Van Khai’s 2005 visit to Washington
reflected the significant improvements in bilateral relations”
05 PM PVK’s vizit WA
- in VN-US rels
HOW TO NOTE
Left hand marrgin
HOW TO NOTE
▪Outline method
▪Mapping method
▪Paragraph method
HOW TO NOTE
HOW TO NOTE
Imagine you heard the following in a lecture:
"The United Kingdom’s population, at around
sixty million, is similar to that of Italy, but Italy’s
population is now shrinking because its birth
rate has fallen below its death rate. The UK’s
population is still growing, albeit very slowly – at
a rate of 0.09% between 1995 and 2000."
HOW TO NOTE
Imagine you heard the following in a lecture:
"The United Kingdom’s population, at around
sixty million, is similar to that of Italy, but Italy’s
population is now shrinking because its birth
rate has fallen below its death rate. The UK’s
population is still growing, albeit very slowly – at
a rate of 0.09% between 1995 and 2000."
HOW TO NOTE
Your notes could look like:
•UK pop ~60m ≈ I. BUT I. ↓ due BR < DR – cf. UK
↑ slow ie 0.09% 95 – 2K
*you know what each symbol means.
NOTE-TAKING -PRACTICE
1. In the 21th century there will be less oil and gas.
Consequently, both fuels will become
more expensive.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Humans need water since we would die in three days
without it. But in many parts of the Third World, clean water is
rare.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
NOTE-TAKING -PRACTICE
3. A person in the US throws away 7 kilos of rubbish every day
on average, whereas that in the Third World throws away 1
kilo.
NOTE-TAKING -PRACTICE
4. The world's top 4 coal producers are: USA, Russia, China
and Germany, due to their extensive coal fields. The world's
top 5 oil exporters are: Saudi Arabia, Russia, The United Arab
Emirates, Venezuela and Nigeria, since large oil deposits were
discovered there.
NOTE-TAKING -PRACTICE
5. Japan has the world's strongest economy. Its 60
million workers-36% of them are women- produce a
wide range of high-tech and electronic goods. For
example, cars, computers, robots, TVs, and cameras.
NOTE-TAKING AND MEMORY TRAINING
TASK 11
1. Ở những nước phát triển, khi mà thanh toán điện tử chiếm 90% tổng
thanh toán trở lên, thì các nghiên cứu người ta đã chỉ ra rằng, GDP tăng
khoảng 1%.
TASK 11
2. Hầu hết các nước trong khu vực mà chúng ta đang có quan hệ thương mại
và quan hệ hợp tác kinh tế đều có mức tăng trưởng 2 con số về thương mại
điện tử.
TASK 11
2. Hầu hết các nước trong khu vực mà chúng ta đang có quan hệ thương mại
và quan hệ hợp tác kinh tế đều có mức tăng trưởng 2 con số về thương mại
điện tử.
-experience two-digit growth in e-commerce.
TASK 11
3. Chúng ta phải có những biện pháp khuyến khích cho các đơn vị chấp nhận
thẻ, ví dụ như miễn giảm những nghĩa vụ nào đó, ví dụ như thuế hoặc là
tương tự như là làm thuế.
Measures/ policies
Encourage
Businesses/accept
Card payment
Such as tax deduction
TASK 11
4. Khi chúng ta tham gia các quan hệ giao dịch với các đối tác, nếu mà chúng
ta sử dụng nhiều tiền mặt, chúng ta thanh toán chủ yếu bằng tiền mặt, riêng
cái việc đó đã không có được lòng tin với các đối tác.
TASK 11
5. Thanh toán không dùng tiền mặt sẽ là một cái biện pháp quan trọng, thậm
chí là quan trọng bậc nhất, để có thể đảm bảo cái sự minh bạch và đảm bảo
chúng ta có thể chống được tham nhũng.