Unit 8 & 9 Evolution & Classification Study Guide Name: Class:
_____ 1. What gas was not a part of Earth’s early atmosphere?
A. Carbon monoxide B. Carbon dioxide C. Water vapor D. Oxygen
_____ 2. What 2 cell organelles are used as evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?
A. Nucleus and ribosomes B. Cell membrane and ribosomes
C. Mitochondria and chloroplasts D. Mitochondria and Golgi apparatus
_____ 3. Which of the following traits of mitochondria and chloroplasts is not used to support endosymbiosis?
A. Cause diseases like bacteria B. Similar size to bacteria
C. Double membranes like bacteria D. Have own DNA like bacteria
_____ 4. What cause of evolution involves humans using selective breeding to change a species over time?
A. Genetic drift B. Artificial selection C. Gene flow D. Natural selection
_____ 5. What cause of evolution involves individuals migrating and breeding with a similar species?
A. Genetic drift B. Artificial selection C. Gene flow D. Natural selection
_____ 6. What cause of evolution involves a population randomly changing due to an event like a storm?
A. Genetic drift B. Artificial selection C. Gene flow D. Natural selection
_____ 7. Comparing the genetic differences of organisms to estimate how long ago in time they diverged from
one another is called using _________.
A. a molecular clock B. embryology C. biogeography D. a fossil record
8. Put each scientist-major idea pairing in the correct order (1-5) to show the step-by-step scientific explanation
of the origin of life on Earth.
_____ Pasteur: livings things can’t arise from nonliving substances
_____ Oparin: chemical evolution allows molecules to bond and form building blocks of life
_____ Margulis: complex cells originated from endosymbiosis
_____ Fox: organic molecules (proteins, etc.) could form on Earth
_____ Miller-Urey: building blocks for life (amino acids, etc.) could form on Earth
9. Put each step of natural selection in the correct order (1-4).
_____ Struggle to survive _____ Differential reproductive success
_____ Overproduction of offspring _____ Inherited genetic variation
10. Throughout the evolution of hominids, what 4 key trends occurred?
11. Use the word bank below to label the diagrams showing the different patterns of evolution.
Punctuated equilibrium Coevolution Adaptive radiation Convergent evolution
12. a. What word means the creation of new species? _________________________
b. Does this increase or decrease biodiversity? _________________________
c. What word means the permanent disappearance of a species? _________________________
d. Does this increase or decrease biodiversity? _________________________
13. What are the five areas of evidence that support evolution?
14. List the correct taxonomic order from the biggest group to the smallest group.
_____ 15. Clams, octopi, and snails are classified in the same phylum (Mollusca). Does this information
support the conclusion that these animal groups are also classified in the same kingdom?
A. Yes, all phylum members are classified together in the same kingdom.
B. No, every phylum member is classified into a different kingdom.
C. Maybe, some but not all phylum members are classified in the same kingdom.
D. Maybe, kingdom and phylum are separate and unrelated groups.
_____ 16. How did taxonomy change over the centuries?
A. It became more simplified - new discoveries are classified as plants or animals.
B. Only one new kingdom, Bacteria, has been added.
C. Fungi were given their own domain and kingdom.
D. Using new info, new kingdoms and domains were created.
_____ 17. According to this cladogram, which two animals
have the most traits in common?
A. Salamander and lizard
B. Lizard and pigeon
C. Mouse and chimp
D. Hagfish and perch
_____ 18. According to this cladogram, which animals evolved
without lungs?
A. Hagfish and perch
B. Hagfish, perch, and salamander
C. Hagfish
D. Perch and salamander
_____ 19. Which of the following characteristics applies to organisms in the kingdom Animalia?
A. Have chloroplasts B. Unicellular C. No nucleus D. No cell walls
_____ 20. To be classified as a plant, an organism has to be eukaryotic, multicellular, and __________.
A. autotrophic B. a consumer C. immobile D. contain peptidoglycan
_____ 21. What molecule differentiates the Archaea domain from the Bacteria domain?
A. Cellulose B. Peptidoglycan C. ATP D. Glucose