Active Reading Methods (or
Strategies)
Study Skills
S (1)
The P2R System
• PREVIEW- READ- REVIEW
• PREVIEW: Begin by reading
– the introduction
– the headings
– any charts, graphs, diagrams, or pictures
– the last paragraph
• READ: mark some pages of reading and read
the material, taking notes or highlighting
important information.
The P2R System
• REVIEW:
1) summarize, in your own words.
2) close the book and recite the key
information under each heading;
3) quiz yourself on questions or
problems at the end of the chapter;
4) create questions you may see on
the day of the exam about this
material and answer them.
SQ3R
Survey! Question! Read!
Recite! Review!
SQ3R
• SQ3R is a systematic method
designed for studying a textbook.
• It was developed by Francis P.
Robinson, a psychologist from Ohio
State University.
It is made up of five phases: Survey,
Question, Read, Recite &
Review.
SURVEY
• The first step in the SQ3R method of
active reading is to survey or scan a
resource, keeping in mind the purpose of
your assignment.
• The purpose of surveying is to gain a
general sense of the authors’ ideas
and their relationship to the topic.
QUESTION
• To help guide your deeper into your reading, ask
yourself questions continuously.
Turn the title, headings, and/or
subheadings into questions.
• Write questions before you read.
• Write questions as you read.
• Write questions after you read.
READ
• Reading actively helps you concentrate and
stay engaged.
• Read to find possible answers to your
questions.
A. Break the material into appropriate and
manageable sections.
B. Look for the answers to your questions within
the text and note any new questions that arise.
RECITE
• Having read the first section, look
away from the book and try to recite
the answer to your question IN
YOUR OWN WORDS.
REVIEW
• Look over your notes to get a birds-
eye view of the points and their
relationship and check your
memory of the content by reciting
the major sub-points under each
heading.
SQ4R
SQ4R Reading Strategy
RESPOND
• Like in SQ3R, you have to survey,
question and then read.
• Then ask yourself if the text leads
you to answer your questions.
Remember that you are likely to move
back and forth between
“Question” and “Respond” as
you read the text.
RECORD
The next step is to record the
information in some way.
Some strategies for recording ideas
include:
– highlighting key passages
– writing in the margins your
reactions to the material.
– making separate notes.
REVIEW
• Review your questions and the
notes you have made.
• Compare the information in the
text you have just read with your
knowledge of the topic from other
readings and/or classes.
OK5R Reading Strategy
• Developed by The Community College to
help students read critically and effectively.
– O – Overview (survey)
– K – Key Ideas (find important words)
– R1 – Read
– R2 – Record
– R3 – Recite
– R4 – Review (check the understanding)
– R5 – Reflect (think, contemplate)
S-RUN & S-RUN-R
• S-RUN
– SURVEY: First, survey the chapter. ( the title,
introduction, headings, pictures, and tables.)
– READ: read while thinking seriously about the
material.
– UNDERLINE: Underline the most important
information.
– NOTETAKING: Sum up and take notes of the
main points.
• S-RUN-R
– In addition to the above steps, the reader must
review the notes.
Comprehension Strategies
Types of Comprehension
Strategies
• Make Connections —Readers connect the
topic or information to what they already know.
• Ask Questions—Readers ask themselves
questions about the text, their reactions to it,
and the author's purpose for writing it.
• Visualize—Readers create a “movie” of the
text in their minds.
• Make Inferences—make conclusions about
underlying themes or ideas.
• Synthesize—Readers combine new
information with existing knowledge.
INCREASING READING SPEED
1. Read more frequently.
[Link] yourself with new
words.
[Link] your purpose before
reading.
4. Ty to read many words in each
fixation.
5. force yourself to read faster
without moving your lips.
[Link] you have poor concentration
when reading, practice reading for
only 5 - 10 minutes at a time and
gradually increase this time.