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Physical Science Notes

The document explains the concepts of heat transfer, temperature, and energy forms, including potential and kinetic energy. It details the three methods of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation, along with properties of energy waves and sound waves. Additionally, it covers basic electricity concepts, including static and dynamic electricity, and the structure of an atom.

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6 views2 pages

Physical Science Notes

The document explains the concepts of heat transfer, temperature, and energy forms, including potential and kinetic energy. It details the three methods of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation, along with properties of energy waves and sound waves. Additionally, it covers basic electricity concepts, including static and dynamic electricity, and the structure of an atom.

Uploaded by

htzhinato
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Heat

Heat is transfer of thermal energy from one body to another


Heat moves from hot to cold

Temperature

Temperature is a measurement of avg kinetic energy of particles

Forms of Energy

Potential energy

potential energy is energy that is stored


the greater the height the more energy it gets
PE = mgh

examples of potential energy -- chemical energy and nuclear energy

Kinetic energy

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.


KE = 1/2mv^2

Heat Energy
Three methods of Heat Transfer: conduction, convection and radiation.

Conduction

Transfer the heat from one molecule to another through a substance.

Not all substances have the same heat conductivity

Metals are good conductors of heat and non-metal are poor heat conductors.

Convection

Transfer of heat from one place to antoher by the movement of fluids. fluids: liquids or gases

Radiation

Transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves which can travel through a vacuum.
The sun’s warmth reaching the earth is an example of radiation.

Energy waves

-shorter wave lengths carry more energy than longer wavelengths


-Reflection can happen when a wave hits a smooth surface.
-Wavelengths can be used to identify elements
Parts of Waves

Wavelength- the distance between any two consecutive wave troughs or wave crests
Amplitude- height of a wave, measured from the middle (equilibrium position)
to the crest (highest point) or trough (lowest point).
crest - highest point of a wave
trough- lowest point of a wave

In sound waves, the amplitude is equal to the loudness of the sound

Frequency: the number of wave cycles that pass a point in a certain period of time
Lower-pitched sounds have lower frequency.

__________________________________________________________________________
2 types of electricity

static electricity
dynamic electricity

2 charges of electricity

positive and negative


like charges repel and unlike charges attract

Electric force hold the particles that made up the atoms

Atom

nucleus
_______

proton(positive)
nuetron(uncharged)
_______

electron(negative)

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