I.
Thì động từ
Hiện tại đơn
- Sự thật hiển nhiên
The sun rises in the east
Water boils at 100
- Thói quen hàng ngày
I always get up at 7 a.m
Usually/rarely/often/never
- Sở thích
I like playing game
Hiện tại tiếp diễn
- Hành động diễn ra tại thời điểm nói
Look! The baby is crying
Watch!
Listen!
- Diễn tả sự thay đổi của thói quen
- Diễn tả sự ca thán, phàn nàn
He is always borrowing my books
Borrow><lend
Hiện tại hoàn thành
(quá khứ nhưng còn liên quan tới thực tại)
I have lost my key
For + khoảng thời gian
Since + mốc thời gian
Already
Ever
Yet: vẫn chưa
Yet=but
She usually __________ (go) to school by bus.
Look! The children __________ (play) football.
She __________ already __________ (finish) her homework.
My father __________ (drink) coffee every morning.
They __________ never __________ (see) snow before.
Listen! Someone __________ (knock) at the door.
We __________ (study) English now.
I __________ (live) here for ten years.
__________ you ever __________ (visit) Da Nang?
We __________ not __________ (meet) him yet.
S + V + O ….
O tobe VII
S + tobe + Ving + O
O + tobe + being + VII
Tom breaks the window
The window is broken by Tom
Break – broke broken
S has/have bee
Someone has stolen my bike
My bike has been stolen
They are building a new school
A new school is being built
Build – built -built
I have a friend. She is very kind
Whose - sở hữu
Of which
I bought a laptop. The screen of the laptop is very large
I bought a laptop whose screen is very large
I bought a laptop, the screen of which is very large
I know a boy. His father is a doctor
-> I know a boy whose father is a doctor
Who – người
When – thời gian
Which – vật
Where – nơi trốn
Whom
On/in/at which – when/where
This is the house. I live in the house
This is the house where I live
This is the house in which I live
I remember the day. We met on that day
I remember the day when we met
I remember the day on which we met
THAT – who/which
The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister
Nam, who lives in Hanoi, is my best friend
Mệnh đề quan hệ nối tiếp: Lan passed the exam, which made her parents happy
Mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn
Ving
The boy who is playing football is my brother
Ved
The book which was written by Shakespeare is famous
The book called HFJHFJ is famous
Cụm danh từ
Students who have good grades can apply
Students with good grades can apply
To V
She was the first student who won the prize
She was the first/second/last/third… student to win the prize
WHOM = tân ngữ
Vd:
The boy who is playing football is my friend <- the boy lm chủ ngữ
The boy whom I met yesterday is my friend <- the boy làm tân ngữ
Calculate(v)
Calculating (adj) (-): toan tính, mưu mô
He married her for money
Calculator (n)
Callous (Adj)
Callus (n): vết chai tay > k còn cảm giác > vô cảm