CE 223
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS - 1
Sakib Hasnat
Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering
July 2025
INTRODUCTION
Credit Hours: 3 hrs/week
Course Content (CE 321):
Stability and determinacy of structures; Analysis of statically determinate frames, trusses
and arches; Influence lines; moving loads on beams, frames and trusses; Approximate analysis of
statically indeterminate structures: mill bents, braced trusses; Portal method, cantilever
method and vertical load analysis of multi storied building frames; Building drift, deflection of
beams, trusses and frames by virtual work method; Approximate analysis of suspension bridges;
Wind and earthquake loads, code provisions.
July 2025
INTRODUCTION
Class Schedule (approx.):
Topics Lecture nos
Stability and determinacy of structures 3
Analysis of statically determinate frames, trusses and arches 6
Class Test 1
Approximate analysis of statically indeterminate structures: mill bents, braced 2
trusses
Portal method, cantilever method and vertical load analysis of multi storied building 6
frames
Class Test 2
Wind and earthquake loads, code provisions. 6
Influence lines, series of moving loads 6
Class Test 3
Reference Books:
1. Structural Analysis, Tenth Edition, R. C. Hibbeler.
2. Elementary Structural Analysis, Fourth Edition, Charles Head Norris and John Benson Wilbur.
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Elements of a structure:
Tie Rods Beams Columns
Primary purpose: Primary purpose: Primary purpose:
resist tension resist moment resist compression
and moment
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Types of structures:
Trusses Frames
• Slender elements, generally arranged • Buildings, most real life structures
in a triangular fashion • Composed of beams, columns and slabs
• Members in either tension or • Most joints are rigid
compression • Generally indeterminate structure
• Members carry no moment
• All connections are pin connected
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Types of structures:
Cable structures Arches
• Cables are in tension • Provides strength in compression
• Used mostly in bridges • Secondary reactions (shear and
• Suitable for supporting large spans moment)
• More rigid than cables
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Supports for Coplanar Structures:
Pin
Roller
Slider
Fixed
Actual Structures Idealized Supports
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Loads:
Dead Loads: Live Loads:
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Loads:
Bridge loads:
• Highway: Heaviest loads by series of moving trucks (AASHTO code specifications)
• Impact: Based on empirical formulas developed from experimental studies
Wind Loads: 𝑞𝑧=0.000613𝐾𝑧𝐾𝑧𝑡𝐾𝑑𝑉2𝐼 (BNBC 2020)
Earthquake Loads: Dynamic analysis, Equivalent static analysis
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Idealized Structure:
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Equations of Equilibrium:
A body that is initially at rest and remains at rest when acted upon by a system of forces is said to be
in a state of static equilibrium. For such a state to exist, it is necessary that the resultants of the
system of forces is neither a force nor a couple, causing the system to be at rest.
For a coplanar system:
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Free Body Diagram:
If the structure is in equilibrium, each of the individual components will be in equilibrium themselves.
July 2025
REVIEW OF BASICS
Internal system of forces:
At a section cut perpendicular to the axis of a member, there will be three internal forces acting on that
section
July 2025