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C Programming Long Notes

The document provides an overview of the C programming language, detailing its history, structure, and key features including decision-making, looping statements, arrays, storage classes, structures, functions, pointers, file management, and graphics. C was developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 for UNIX and is a middle-level language. It emphasizes the importance of functions and data management in programming.

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3 views2 pages

C Programming Long Notes

The document provides an overview of the C programming language, detailing its history, structure, and key features including decision-making, looping statements, arrays, storage classes, structures, functions, pointers, file management, and graphics. C was developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 for UNIX and is a middle-level language. It emphasizes the importance of functions and data management in programming.

Uploaded by

ITCORNER Towards Technology
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

C PROGRAMMING – LONG NOTES

1. HISTORY OF C

C language was developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at AT&T; Bell Laboratories. It was developed
for the UNIX operating system. C is a middle-level language supporting both low-level and
high-level programming features.

2. PROGRAMMING IN C

A C program consists of preprocessor directives, main function, and user-defined functions. Every
program execution starts from main().

3. DECISION MAKING

Decision-making statements allow the program to execute different paths based on conditions.
Types include if, if-else, else-if ladder, and switch.

4. LOOPING STATEMENTS

Loops are used to repeat code. Types include for loop, while loop, and do-while loop. Control
statements include break and continue.

5. ARRAYS

Arrays store multiple values of the same data type. Types include one-dimensional and
two-dimensional arrays.

6. STORAGE CLASSES

Storage classes define scope and lifetime of variables. Types include auto, register, static, and
extern.

7. STRUCTURES

Structures group different data types under one name and are used to store complex data.

8. FUNCTIONS

Functions are reusable blocks of code. They can be user-defined or library functions.

9. POINTERS
Pointers store the address of a variable and are used for dynamic memory allocation and call by
reference.

10. FILE MANAGEMENT

File handling allows permanent storage of data using functions like fopen, fprintf, fscanf, and fclose.

11. GRAPHICS

Graphics in C are created using graphics.h library to draw shapes like lines, circles, and rectangles.

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