UNIT I

Shorts Questions
1. Define International Standard Atmosphere (ISA).
2. What are the layers of the atmosphere?
3. State any one application of ISA.
4. Define Mach number.
5. Write the equation for Mach number.
6. What is subsonic flow?
7. Define supersonic flow.
8. What is hypersonic flow?
9. What is transonic flow?
10. Define speed of sound.
11. What are Kepler’s Laws?
12. State Kepler’s First Law.
13. What is escape velocity?
14. Write the formula for escape velocity.
15. Define asteroid.
16. What is a meteoroid?
17. Difference between asteroid and meteoroid.
18. What is a biplane?
19. What is a monoplane?
20. Give one advantage of monoplanes.
21. Define flow regions.
22. What are compressible flows?
23. What is a shock wave?
24. Define shock layer.
25. What is hypervelocity?
26. What are early air vehicles?
27. Give examples of early flying machines.
28. Define sonic boom.
29. What is stagnation point?
30. Define density variation in flow.
31. Describe two major issues that aerospace engineers confront when spacecraft re-enter
the Earth's atmosphere.
32. Define ISA and enumerate its parameters at sea level
33. Define rotorcraft and describe the operational principle of a gyroplane.
34. Illustrate the relationship between altitude and the changes in pressure and density using
a clear graph.
35. Calculate temperature at 25 km altitude.
36. An aircraft is traveling at a height of 8 km, with an ambient temperature of 250K.
Calculate the Mach number and determine if the aircraft is subsonic or supersonic when
the speed of the aircraft is
a. 30 m/s
b. 300 m/s
 UNIT II
Shorts Questions
1. Enumerate fundamental instruments essential for aviation.
2. Explain the Pitot Principle and provide examples of Pitot instruments
3. Explain TAS and EAS, and Highlight two distinctions between them.
4. Describe the Blockage System for the Pitot-Static System.
5. Illustrate the difference between Pneumatic actuator and Electrical system
6. List the two advantages of using hydraulic systems in Aircraft.
7. List the system of control actuation
8. What is the major purpose of fuselage?
9. List the main components of an aircraft.
10. What is the function of wings?
11. Define fuselage.
12. What is empennage?
13. What are primary control surfaces?
14. Name primary control surfaces.
15. What are secondary control surfaces?
16. Define ailerons.
17. What is an elevator?
18. Define rudder.
19. What is flap?
20. What is slat?
21. Define hydraulic system.
22. What is pneumatic system?
23. What is fly-by-wire system?
24. Define fly-by-light.
25. What is fly-by-acoustic?
26. Define aircraft pressurization.
27. Why is pressurization required?
28. What is air conditioning in aircraft?
29. Define pitot tube.
30. What is altimeter?
31. Define gyroscope instrument.
32. What is artificial horizon?
33. Define ILS (Instrument Landing System).
34. What is anti-icing?
35. What is de-icing?
36. What are safety instruments?
37. What is static pressure?
38. What is dynamic pressure?
 UNIT III
Shorts Questions
1. What are the classifications of aircraft flaps?
2. How do form drag and pressure drag differ from each other?
3. What do "range" and "endurance" refer to in the context of aircraft?
4. Enumerate examples of primary, secondary, and auxiliary control surfaces on aircraft.
5. Define Aerodynamic centre with neat diagram
6. Distinguish between laminar and turbulent airflow.
7. Enumerate the categorization of NACA aerofoils.
8. What do supercritical aerofoils entail, and provide the names of two types of
supercritical aerofoils?
9. State Newton’s First Law.
10. State Newton’s Second Law.
11. State Newton’s Third Law.
12. Define thrust.
13. What is an airfoil?
14. Define camber.
15. What is chord line?
16. Define leading edge.
17. Define trailing edge.
18. What is NACA series?
19. What are aerodynamic forces?
20. Define lift.
21. Define drag.
22. Define thrust.
23. Define weight.
24. What is angle of attack?
25. Define stall.
26. What is lift curve slope?
27. What is drag classification?
28. Define parasite drag.
29. Define induced drag.
30. What is range?
31. Define endurance.
32. What is rate of climb?
33. Define ceiling.
34. What is manoeuvre?
35. What are aerobatics?
36. Define dihedral angle.
37. What is anhedral angle?
38. What is stability?
Unit IV: Aerospace Design and Materials
1. What is meant by aircraft construction?
2. List the major structural components of an aircraft.
3. Define fuselage.
4. What are the functions of the fuselage?
5. What is a monocoque structure?
6. State one advantage of monocoque construction.
7. What is a semi-monocoque structure?
8. Why is semi-monocoque construction widely used in aircraft?
9. Define geodesic construction.
10. Name an aircraft that employed geodesic construction.
11. What is a truss structure?
12. Mention the advantages of truss-type fuselage construction.
13. What are the different wing arrangements used in aircraft?
14. Distinguish between high-wing and low-wing configurations.
15. What is meant by wing construction?
16. Name the principal structural members of a wing.
17. What is the function of a wing spar?
18. What is the purpose of wing ribs?
19. Differentiate between fixed-wing and rotary-wing aircraft.
20. Give two examples of fixed-wing aircraft.
21. What is a rotary-wing aircraft?
22. What are the different types of landing gear?
23. Define tricycle landing gear configuration.
24. What is a tail-wheel landing gear arrangement?
25. Why are aluminum alloys extensively used in aircraft construction?
26. State two properties of titanium that make it suitable for aerospace applications.
27. What are the advantages of stainless steel in aerospace structures?
28. Define composite materials.
29. List any two composite materials used in spacecraft.
 30. Mention two advantages of composite materials over metallic materials.

Unit V: Aerospace Power Plant (30 Two-Mark Questions)

1. What is an aircraft power plant?
2. Define piston engine.
3. What are the basic components of a piston engine?
4. State the working principle of a four-stroke piston engine.
5. What is a propeller?
6. What is the function of a propeller in an aircraft?
7. State the operating principle of a propeller.
8. Define propeller pitch.
9. Classify propellers based on pitch variation.
10. What is a fixed-pitch propeller?
11. What is a constant-speed propeller?
12. What is a feathering propeller?
13. What is a jet engine?
14. State the working principle of a turbojet engine.
15. What are the major components of a turbojet engine?
16. Define bypass ratio in a turbofan engine.
17. What is a turbofan engine?
18. State one advantage of a turbofan over a turbojet.
19. What is a turboprop engine?
20. Mention one application of turboprop engines.
21. Define turboshaft engine.
22. Where are turboshaft engines commonly used?
23. What is a ramjet engine?
24. Why does a ramjet require high initial speed for operation?
25. Define pulse jet engine.
26. Compare ramjet and pulse jet engines in one point.
27. State the principle of operation of a rocket engine.
 28. Classify rockets based on propellant type.
29. Mention two applications of rocket engines.
30. State any two advantages of rockets for space exploration.

Unit VI: Concept of Rotorcraft

1. What is a rotorcraft?
2. Classify rotorcraft.
3. What are the major components of a helicopter?
4. Define rotor system.
5. What is a gyroplane?
6. State the principle of operation of a gyroplane.
7. Differentiate between a gyroplane and a helicopter.
8. What is a compound helicopter?
9. Define convertiplane.
10. Give an example of a convertiplane.
11. What is meant by rotorcraft stability?
12. Define static stability of a gyroplane.
13. What is rotor lift?
14. Mention the methods used to vary lift in a helicopter.
15. Define collective pitch control.
16. What is the function of collective pitch?
17. Define cyclic pitch control.
18. What is a swash plate system?
19. State the function of a swash plate.
20. What is meant by rotor disc incidence?
21. Define torque reaction in helicopters.
22. How is torque reaction counteracted in conventional helicopters?
23. What is hovering flight?
24. Define hovering turn.
25. What is translational lift?
26. What is effective translational lift (ETL)?
27. Define steady flight in a helicopter.
28. What is autorotation?
29. Why is autorotation important during engine failure?
30. Distinguish between hovering and autorotation.