Ice DP 26078 RSC 002 R0
Ice DP 26078 RSC 002 R0
Client: VMCL-M3
Disclaimer: The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its contents is not permitted without written
consent Offenders will be liable for penal action. All rights, including rights created by patent grant or registration of a
utility model or design, are reserved.
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Table ofofContents
Table Contents
1 Purpose 6
3 Scope of study 6
4. Standards 6
5. Softwares used 6
6. Reference documents 6
8 Protection philosophy 7
8.1 Co-ordination settings & criteria 7
8.2 Basis of coordination for protection settings 7
8.3 Relay coordination guidelines 7
9 Task methodology 8
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Definitions and
Definitions and Acronyms
Acronyms
CT Current transformer
PT Potential transformer
IEC International Electro technical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
ETAP Electrical Transient Analyser Program
FLC Full load current
OC Over current protection
EF Earth fault protection
IDMT Inverse definite mean time
DMT Definite mean time
TCC Time-current characteristics
IFL Full load current
t Operation time
K Factor
I Value of measured current
Is Value of the programmed threshold (pick-up value)
α Factor (see table)
L ANSI/IEEE constant (zero for IEC and RECT curves)
T Time multiplier setting from 0.025 to 1.5
MVA Mega Volt Ampere
MVAsc Mega Volt Ampere short circuit
LV Low voltage
HV High voltage
In Nominal current
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Formulae
The trip times for the ANSI and IEC IDMT curves are defined with the co-effecients. The values of the co-effecients
can be calculated according to the formulae;
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Introduction
1. Purpose
The purpose of this report is to perform the protection co-ordination study to provide the functional settings
of the protection relays necessary for the operation of the protection system for Western Coal Field Limited
Nagpur, which is one of the leading coal mining company responsible for supplying coal to industries in Central
India, Maharashtra. Based on the provided inputs the setting values are proposed.
3. Scope of study
This document covers the relay setting calculation & co-ordination for 33/3.3kV voltage level in this system.
4. Standards
The following are the standards followed in this study,
1. IEC 60909 Short-circuit currents in three-phase A.C. system.
2. IEEE 399-1997 IEEE Recommended Practice for Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Analysis (Brown
Book).
3. IEEE Std 242-2001, IEEE Recommended practice for protection & coordination of industrial & commercial
power systems.
5. Softwares used
1. ETAP
2. MS-Excel
6. Reference documents
The following documents are the reference documents,
S. No Description
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7 Major technical parameters
The following inputs are taken in this study,
7.1 Grid parameters
The following grid parameters are considered in this study,
(Note: Source fault current is assumed to be 80% of the bus fault level capacity of the 33 kV switchgear)
8 Protection philosophy
8.1 Co-ordination settings & criteria
There are two basic adjustable settings on all inverse time relays; one is the current setting usually known as
the Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM) and the other is Time Multiplier Setting (TMS).
Primary current
=
primary operating current
Where, Top
TMS =
Top = the required time of operation Tm
Tm = the time operation at TMS = 1.0 for maximum fault current
(a) Fault clearance times shall be estimated as relay time plus switching device opening time.
a) Time discrimination is decided based on circuit breaker opening time, relay overtravel and relay tolerance-
setting errors. Time discrimination is taken as 200 msec and 120 msec respectively for relay-to-relay and Trip
unit/release to relay. As per IEEE-242-2001 guideline recommended values are 300 msec and 200 msec
respectively for electromechanical relays and static relays.
b) And time discrimination is taken as 5 msec to 150 msec for MCCB to MCCB and ACB to MCCB. As per IEEE-
242-2001 guideline recommended values are clear space is sufficient b/w the two load side, supply side MCCB
for MCCB with TMD, Electronic releases [IEEE-242-2001, Table-15-3, pp-605].
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c) In normal operating condition the B/C breaker remains open and both I/C breaker remain closed. The same
settings of relays shall ensure the better selectivity (Time discrimination) for upstream relays. However for bus
sectionalizers time-coordination is done, by giving time discrimination with the incomer relay.
9 Task methodology
1. The manual calculation of all protection functions are done as per the feeder requirement using MS Excel.
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10. Setting calculations and recommendations for 33kV Incomer
10.01 Input details
Feeder / Protection description
Switchgear name / Panel no : 33kV HT PANEL
Feeder description : 33kV Incomer
Protection device : ABB/ REF 615
CT details
CT ratio = 120 /1A
(As per 33kV incoming line, dwg no: M001-E-
CT primary = 120 A 005A; Rev-0)
CT secondary = 1A
Fault current
Three phase fault current = NA
Single phase fault current = NA
The constraining current (For 51 Settings) = 1440 A (From 50 Setting)
The constraining current (For 51N Settings) = 240 A (From 50N Setting)
Load details
Operating load = 5.36 MVA
Rated voltage = 33 kV
(Consider FLC of the feeder)
Rated current = 93.78 A
Protection Overview:
The following table lists the protective functions adopted for this feeder
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10.02 Setting calculations for Phase overcurrent protection - 51
a) Pickup criteria: = 100 - 125% of FLC of the feeder
110% of load current is considered for = (1.1*93.78)
calculation, = 103.16 A
CT secondary current = Iload/CT ratio
= (103.16*1)/(120)
= 0.86 A
= (0.86/1)
51 pickup setting in the relay, = 0.86 xIn
Discriminative time margin required = 0.20 sec (As per IEEE std.242-2001)
= (12/0.86)
I/Is = 13.95 A
Since the three phase fault current is more than 20 times, hence the PSM (I/Ip) choosen is 20.
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10.03 Setting calculations for Earth fault protection - 51N
a) Pickup criteria: = 10 - 40% of of FLC of the feeder
= (0.1*93.78)
10% of load current is considered for calculation,
= 9.4 A
CT secondary current = Iload/CT ratio
= (9.38*1)/(120)
= 0.08 A
= (0.079/1)
51N pickup setting in the relay, = 0.08 xIn
Discriminative time margin required = 0.20 sec (As per IEEE std.242-2001)
= (2/0.079)
I/Is = 25.32 A
Since the single phase fault current is more than 20 times, hence the PSM (I/Ip) choosen is 20.
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10.04 Setting calculations for Phase Overcurrent Protection - 50
a) Pickup criteria:
12 times of CT Primary current is considered for = (12*120)
calculation = 1440 A
CT secondary current, = Iload/CT ratio
= (1440*1)/(120)
= 12.00 A
Phase fault, 50 Pickup; Secondary = (12/1)
50 pickup setting in the relay, = 12.00 xIn
Discriminative time margin required = 0.20 sec (As per IEEE std.242-2001)
Discriminative time margin required = 0.20 sec (As per IEEE std.242-2001)
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10.06 Setting chart
Recommended
Parameter Setting Range Step
Settings
PHLPTOC Group settings (Basic)
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10.06 Setting chart
Recommended
Parameter Setting Range Step
Settings
PHPTOV Group settings (Basic)
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10.1 .Overcurrent & Earthfault Setting calculations for 5 MVA Trafo - 1 & 2
10.1.01 Input details
Feeder / Protection description
Switchgear name / Panel no: : 33kV HT PANEL
Feeder description : 5 MVA Trafo - 1 & 2
Protection device : ABB / REF615
CT details
CT ratio = 120 / 1 A
CT primary = 120 A
CT secondary = 1A
Fault current
Three phase fault current = NA
Single phase fault current = NA
Three phase reflected fault current = 1260 A As per ETAP SLD
The constraining current (For 51 Settings) = 1323 A (From 50 Setting)
The constraining current (For 51N Settings) = 180 A (From 50N Setting)
Load details
Operating load = 5 MVA
Rated voltage = 33 kV
Rated current at primary side = 87.48 A
Protection Overview:
The following table lists the protective functions adopted for this feeder
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10.1.02 Setting calculations for IDMT overcurrent protection - 51
Discriminative time margin required = 0.20 sec (As per IEEE std.242-2001)
= (11.03/0.81)
I/Is = 13.62 A
Since the three phase fault current is more than 20 times, hence the PSM (I/Ip) choosen is 20.
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10.1.03 Setting calculations for IDMT Earth fault protection - 51N
= (1.5/0.07)
I/Is = 21.43 A
Since the single phase fault current is more than 20 times, hence the PSM (I/Ip) choosen is 20.
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10.1.04 Setting calculations for Instantaneous Phase overcurrent protection - 50
From the above two cases, the maximum current is calculated for 50 Pickup,
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10.1.07 Setting chart
Operating curve 9=IEC Norm. inv.; 10=IEC Very inv.; 11=IEC inv.; 12=IEC Ext.
9=IEC Norm. inv.
type inv.; 13=IEC S.T. inv.; 14=IEC L.T. inv.; 15=IEC Def. Time
0.05...15.00
Time multiplier 0.31
in steps of 0.05
51N - IDMT Earth fault Protection (EFLPTOC)
0.10 to 40.00 xIn
Start value 0.07 In
in steps of 0.01 In
Operating curve 9=IEC Norm. inv.; 10=IEC Very inv.; 12=IEC Ext. inv.
9=IEC Norm. inv.
type 15=IEC Def. Time
0.05...15.00
Time multiplier 0.09
in steps of 0.05
50 - Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (PHHPTOC)
0.1 to 40.00 xIn
Start value 11.03 In
in steps of 0.01 In
Operating curve
15=IEC Def. Time 15=IEC Def. Time
type
40.00 to 200000 ms
Operate Delay Time 50 ms
in steps of 10 ms
50N - Instantaneous Earth fault Protection (EFHPTOC)
0.1 to 40.00 xIn
Start value 1.50 In
in steps of 0.01 In
Operating curve
15=IEC Def. Time 15=IEC Def. Time
type
40.0 to 200000 ms
Operate Delay Time 50 ms
in steps of 10 ms
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10.2. 87T Setting calculations and recommendations for 5 MVA Trafo - 1 & 2
10.2.01 Input details
Feeder / Protection description
Switchgear name / Panel no : 33kV Switchgear
Feeder description : 5 MVA Trafo - 1 & 2
Protection device : ABB / RET615
HV CT details
HV CT Primary = 120 A
HV CT Secondary = 1A
LV CT details
LV CT Primary = 1000 A
LV CT Secondary = 1A
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LV NCT details Core-1 Core-2
LV NCT Primary = NA NA
LV NCT Secondary = NA NA
Class = NA NA
Internal burden of CT, R CT ≤ NA NA
CT Kneepoint Voltage, Vk ≥ NA NA
Burden = NA NA
Magnetising Current, Imag at Vk/2 ≤ NA NA
No. of CT connectd in parallel = 3 3
HV PT details
PT primary = 11000 V
PT secondary = 110 V
Protection Overview:
The following table lists the protective functions adopted for this feeder
ABB /
Transformer differential protection 87T
RET615
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10.2.02 Transformer differential protections
In applying the principles of differential protection to transformers, a variety of considerartion have to be taken
in to account. These includes,
1. Correction of possible phase shift across the transformer winding (phase correction)
2. The effects of the variety of earthing and winding arrangements (filtering of zero sequence currents)
3. Correction for possible unbalance of signals from CTs on either side of the windings (ratio correction)
4. The effect of magnetising inrush during initial energisation.
5. The possible occurrence of overfluxing
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HV side full load current at +5% tap, = (MVA*1000)/(√3*Vmax)
(calculated at 5MVA) = (5*1000)/(1.732*35.0625)
= 82.33 A (in terms of primary)
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Slope section can be calculated at -5% tap, = (0.07/1.04)
= 0.070
= 7.00 %
By allowing for a 10% error & 10% safety margin, = (7+10+10)
= 27.00 %
Slope section2 = 30 % (As per industrial practice)
The second turning point End section 2 can be set in the range of 100 percent to 500 percent.
End section2 = 150 % of Ir (As per industrial practice)
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2. harmonic blocking ratio
Start value 2.H = 15 % (As per industrial practice)
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10.2.03 Setting chart
Recommended
Parameter Values (Range) Step
Settings
TR2PTDF Group settings
0=False
Enable high set NA 1=True
1=True
0=False
Harmonic deblock 2. NA 1=True
1=True
0=False
Harmonic deblock 5. NA 0=False
1=True
1=Type 1
CT connection type NA 1=Type 1
2=Type 2
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10.2.03 Setting chart
Recommended
Parameter Values (Range) Step
Settings
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11. Annexure-1
SLD
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Legend/ANSI Code:
50 – Instantaneous
Overcurrent
4 FAULT CURRENT 25kA FOR 1SEC 26.2kA FOR 3 SEC 87T – Differential
Protection(Transformer)
6 RATED LIGHTING IMPULSE VOLTAGE 170kVp 20kVp 95- Trip circuit supervision
relay
1. SERVICE CONDITION :
DESIGN AMBIENT TEMPRATURE = 50˚C
ALTITUDE - MAXIMUM UP TO 1000 METERS ABOVE MSL.
33KV CT SUMMARY
HUMIDITY - RELATIVE HUMIDITY MAXIMUM UP TO 100% DURING RAINY SEASON.
LOCATION - OUTDOOR / HEAILY POLLUTED WITH COAL DUST
2. CT & PT BURDEN SHOWN ARE AS PER SIZING CALCULATION. RCT (CT AVAILABLE MAGNETISING CALCULATED
Feeder BURDEN
3. ALL RELAY & METERING DEVICE FOR OUTDOOR SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENT SHALL BE HOUSED IN RESPECTIVE CONTROL RELAY PANELS (CRP). CT CORE SECONDARY AVAILABLE PROTECTION KNEE POINT CURRENT KNEE POINT TAP
Sr. Descrip VOLTAGE (Imag) in mA VOLTAGE (VK) SELECTED
Ratio CLASS RESISTANCE) (VA) USED
4. THE CRP PANEL SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH INDICATORS, BREAKER AND TRANSFORMER AUXILIARY RELAY SHALL BE INCLUDED IN RESPECTIVE NUMERICAL RELAY ALONG No. tion (VK) in volts at Vk/2
IN Ohms in Volts
WITH RS485 COMMINICATION PORT AS PER MANUFACTURES'S STANDARD AND APPLICABLE.
5. ALL CIRCUIT BREAKER SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION RELAY TO MONITOR CB TRIP COIL IN BOTH THE STATE OF CB VIZ. OPEN & CLOSE.
1 33KV LINE BAY CT
6. THE NECESSARY MACHENICAL & ELECTRICAL INTERLOCKING SHALL BE PRIVIDED AMONG ASSOCIATED BREAKER AND ISLOATOR AND EARTH SWITCH, INCOMER & BUS
COUPLER PANEL FOR SAFE OPERATION OF THE SYSTEM AS PER THE CLAUSE NO. [Link](ii) & [Link].1
CORE-1 120-60/1A 1, ISF<=5 - 15 METERING - - NA 120/1A
7. ALL THE ISOLATORS SHALL BE TRIPLE POLE, DOUBLE BREAK, CENTRE POST ROTATING, OUTDOOR TYPE AS PER CLAUSE NO. [Link].2 OF NIT.
8. LIGHTING ARRESTOR 30KV 10kA SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH SURGE COUNTER/SURGE MONITOR.
9. FOLLOWING RATING SHALL BE CONSIDERED AS PER SPECIFICATION NO. SP/E-05 AND SP/E-09
CORE-2 120-60/1A 5P10 - 15 50/51,50N/51N - - NA 120/1A
SYMMETRICAL BREAKING CAPACITY OF 33KV VCB SHALL BE 750 MVA
SYMMETRICAL BREAKING CAPACITY OF 3.3KV VCB SHALL BE 150 MVA
CORE-3 120-60/1A PS 4-2 - SPARE 400-200 25-50 NA NA
CONTROL SUPPLY VOLTAGE SHALL BE 110V DC FOR ALL VCB's
2 33KV TRANSFORMER BAY CT
SPRING CHARGING MOTOR SUPPLY SHALL BE 230V AC FOR ALL VCB's.
10. ALL THE VCB's SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH OPERATION COUNTER AS PER SPECIFICATION NO. SP/E-05 AND SP/E-09. CORE-1 120-60/1A 1, ISF<=5 - 15 METERING - - NA 120/1A
11. SEMAPHORE INDICATIONS WITH MIMIC DIAGRAM SHALL BE PROVIDED FOR VARIOUS CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND ISOLATOR AS PER CLAUSE NO. [Link].4.
12. ALL 3.3KV INCOMING VCBs, TRANSFORMER CONTROL VCBs, CAPAITOR BANK VCBs AND OUTGOING VCBs SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH CBCT OPERATED EARTH LEAKAGE RELAY AS PER
CLAUSE [Link].
CORE-2 120-60/1A 5P10 - 15 50/51,50N/51N - - NA 120/1A
13. ALL 33KV AND 3.3KV INCOMING VCBs, TRANSFORMER CONTROL VCBs, CAPAITOR BANK VCBs AND OUTGOING VCBs SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH UNDER VOLTAGE AND OVER VOLTAGE RELAYS AS
PER CLAUSE NO. [Link]
14. ALL THE NGRs SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT RELAY (NDR) WITH CT RATIO 10/1A, EARTH FAULT PROTECTION AND FAIL SAFE, NEUTRAL-GROUND MONITORING PROTECTION SYSTEM
CORE-3 120-60/1A PS 4-2 - 87T, 64R 400-200 25-50 420.69-299.62 120/1A
15. THE MFM IN 33KV/3.3KV VCBs SHALL BE DISPLAY ALL THE ELETRICAL PARAMETERS AS MENTIONED IN CLAUSES NO. [Link].1 AND [Link] (ix) FOR 33KV & [Link].2 FOR 3.3KV
16. THE RATING AND QUANTITIES OF ALL EQUIPMENTS SHALL BE AS PER BOQ AND NIT. √ √ √
17. THE BASIC SPECIFICATION RATINGS ETC FOR VCBs, TRANSFORMER, CAPACITOR BANK ARE CONSIDERED FOR SCRUTINY PURPOSE ONLY. THE EXACT SPECIFICATION/RATING SHALL BE AS PER
RESPECTIVE APPROVED DRAWINGS AND REQIRED CHANGES SHALL BE MADE IN THE DRAWING ACCORDINGLY AS PER THE NIT.
18. The LOTO (Lock Out & Tag Out) SYSTEM SHALL BE INCORPORATED IN ISOLATORS, CIRCUIT BREAKERS, ETC.
19. THE BREAKER SHALL ENSURE CONTINUOUS OPERATION WITHIN VARIATION FOR VOLTAGE BETWEEN +10%, AND FREQUENCY VARIATION BETWEEN +3 % AND COMBINED VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY
VARIATION OF 10%
3.3KV CT SUMMARY
20. WE ARE PROVIDING STAR CONNECTED CAPACITOR BANK WITH RVT. 2050KVAR FIXED TYPE CAPACITOR BANK AND 1200KVAR CAPACITOR BANK WITH APFC
21. INDIVIDUAL NITROGEN INJECTION FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM (NIFPS) FOR FIREFIGHTING OF EACH TRANSFORMER. TWO SEPRATE PLC PANEL IN A COMMON CUBICLE HAVE BEEN CONSIDER IN THE CONTROL
ROOM FOR FIRE PROTECCTION SYTEM OF TRANSFORMER RCT ( CT AVAILABLE CALCULATED
BURDEN
Feeder CORE SECONDARY AVAILABLE PROTECTION KNEE POINT MAGNETISING KNEE POINT TAP
CT Ratio CURRENT (Imag)
VOLTAGE SELECTE
Sr. No. Description CLASS RESISTANCE) IN (VA) USED VOLTAGE (VK) in mA at Vk/2
(VK) in Volts D
Ohms in Volts
Transformer Trouble
i. Buchholtz Relay(Alarm&Trip) 1 3.3KV TRAFO INCOMER CT
ii. Winding Temperature Relay(Alarm&Trip)
iii. Oil Temperature Relay(Alarm &Trip) CORE-1 1000-500/1A 1, ISF<=5 - METERING - - NA 1000/1A
15
iv. Minimum oil level gauge(Alarm and Trio)
v. Pressure relief valve(Trip)
CORE-2 1000-500/1A 5P10 - 15 50/51,50N/51N - - NA 1000/1A
√ √
√ √
√ √
(OUTDOOR TYPE)
Planning, Design, Engineering, Construction, Fabrication Supply, Erection, Trial Run and Commissioning of 2 x 5.00
MVA, 33/3.3 kV Substation which includes construction of substation building work, all the electrical outdoor and
indoor equipment, lighting system, earthing system, lightning protection system, signaling and control system, DG set,
PROJECT firefighting system, structural and civil works, drinking water supply system etc. including Maintenance during Defect
Liability Period (DLP) of 60 Calendar Month on Turnkey Basis at Saoner U/G Mine-1 Expansion Project, Nagpur Area
of WCL .
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One-Line Diagram - OLV1 (Short-Circuit Analysis)
33-3.3kV Substa on at Saoner Nagpur Area in Maharashtra
U1
1143.154 MVAsc
33kV SWGR
CT1 ±
R
120/1
Relay1
CB1
0 kA
Bus1 1.237
33 kV
0.023
CB2 CB3
0 kA 0 kA
CT2 ±
CT3 ±
R R
120/1 120/1
Relay2 Relay3
Lump1 Lump2
5 MVA 5 MVA
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page 1 10:02:29 Mar 06, 2026 Project File: WCL
13. Annexure-3
TCC Curves
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Amps X 10 Bus1 (Nom. kV=33, Plot Ref. kV=33)
.5 1 3 5 10 30 50 100 300 500 1K 3K 5K 10K
1K 1K U1
1143.154 MVAsc
500 Relay1 - P 500
OC1
300 300
ABB
REF 615
CT Ratio 120:1
IEC Normal Inverse ±
100 Pickup = 0.86 (0.05 - 5 xCT Sec) 100
R
Time Dial = 1
Relay1
50
Inst = 12 (1 - 40 xCT Sec) 50
Time Delay = 0.25 s
30 30
Relay2 - P CB1
OC1
ABB
10 10
REF 615
CT Ratio 120:1
IEC Normal Inverse Bus1
5 5
Seconds
Seconds
1 1
±
R
.5 .5
Relay2
.3 .3
Bus2
.1 .1
T1
.05 .05 5 MVA
.03 .03 ±
Relay2 - 3P
Bus4
.01 .01
.5 1 3 5 10 30 50 100 300 500 1K 3K 5K 10K
Amps X 10 Bus1 (Nom. kV=33, Plot Ref. kV=33) ETAP Star 19.0.1C
Lump1
Project: Date: 04-03-2026 5 MVA
Location: SN:
Contract: Rev: Base
Engineer: Fault: Phase
Filename: N:\07-Projects\Design Projects -FY26\DP26078-Nov-25-VMCL-M3-SCL-Ras,
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Amps X 10 Bus1 (Nom. kV=33, Plot Ref. kV=33)
.5 1 3 5 10 30 50 100 300 500 1K 3K 5K 10K
1K 1K U1
1143.154 MVAsc
500 Relay1 - P 500
OC1
300 300
ABB
REF 615
CT Ratio 120:1
IEC Normal Inverse ±
100 Pickup = 0.86 (0.05 - 5 xCT Sec) 100
R
Time Dial = 1
Relay1
50
Inst = 12 (1 - 40 xCT Sec) 50
Time Delay = 0.25 s
30 30
Relay2 - P CB1
OC1
ABB
10 10
REF 615
CT Ratio 120:1
IEC Normal Inverse Bus1
5 5
Seconds
Seconds
1 1
±
R
.5 .5
Relay2
.3 .3
Bus2
.1 .1
T1
.05 .05 5 MVA
.03 .03 ±
Relay2 - 3P
Bus4
.01 .01
.5 1 3 5 10 30 50 100 300 500 1K 3K 5K 10K
Amps X 10 Bus1 (Nom. kV=33, Plot Ref. kV=33) ETAP Star 19.0.1C
Lump1
Project: Date: 04-03-2026 5 MVA
Location: SN:
Contract: Rev: Base
Engineer: Fault: Phase
Filename: N:\07-Projects\Design Projects -FY26\DP26078-Nov-25-VMCL-M3-SCL-Ras,
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14. Annexure-4
End Document
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