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Ratios and Proportions: Ratio

The document explains ratios and proportions, defining a ratio as the relationship between two quantities expressed as a fraction. It outlines various types of ratios, such as duplicate, sub-duplicate, triplicate, and inverse ratios, and describes proportion as the equality of two ratios. Additionally, it provides practice questions to apply the concepts of ratios and proportions.

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3 views2 pages

Ratios and Proportions: Ratio

The document explains ratios and proportions, defining a ratio as the relationship between two quantities expressed as a fraction. It outlines various types of ratios, such as duplicate, sub-duplicate, triplicate, and inverse ratios, and describes proportion as the equality of two ratios. Additionally, it provides practice questions to apply the concepts of ratios and proportions.

Uploaded by

dineshmelner
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Ratios and Proportions

Ratio:
A ratio is the relation between two quantities which is expressed by a fraction.

• The ratio of the number 'a' to the number 'b' is written as a/ b (or) a : b or a to b

 e.g.: The ratio of 5 hours to 3 hours can be written as 5 /3 (or)5:3.


 The ratio is always a comparison between the quantities of same kind or of
same units.
 The ratio of two quantities is always an abstract number (without any units).
Key Notes: If a and b are two quantities, then
bn1) Duplicate ratio of a : b=a^ 2 : b^ 2 3:7 =9:49
2) Sub-duplicate ratio of a : b=√ a : √b 25:81=5:9
3) Triplicate ratio of a : b=a^ 3 : b ^3 2:4=8:64
4) Sub- Triplicate ratio of a : b=3√ a : 3√b 125:343=5:7
5) Inverse ratio of a:b =b:a
6) Compound ratio a:b c:d e:f a/ b × c/ d × e/ f .

Proportion:
 Equality of two ratios is called proportion.
 The equality of two ratios is called proportion.
 If a : b = c : d, we write a : b :: c : d and we say that a, b, c, d are in proportion.
 Here a and d are called extremes, while b and c are called mean terms.

 Product of means = Product of extremes.

 Thus, a : b :: c : d (b x c) = (a x d).
 The Fourth proportional is d
 The third proportional is c
Practice Questions:
1. If a: b = 5: 9 and b: c = 7: 4, then find a: b: c. (Ans: 35:63:36)
2. If a: b is 3: 4 and b: c is 2: 5. Find a: b: c. (Ans : 3:4:10)
3. Divide Rs. 981 in the ratio 5: 4 (Ans: 545 : 436)
4. A and B together have Rs. 1210. If of A's amount is equal to
of B's amount, how much amount does B have? (Ans : 484)
5. If 0.75 : x :: 5 : 8, then x is equal to: (Ans: 1.20)

6. The sum of three numbers is 98. If the ratio of the first to second is 2
:3 and that of the second to the third is 5 : 8, then the second
number is: (Ans : 30)
7. The ratio of income of two workers A and B are 3: 4. The ratio of expenditure of
A and B is 2: 3 and each saves Rs 200. Find the income of A and B.
(Ans : 600,800)

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