BASIC PRINCIPLES – QUESTION BANK
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 1.
Wavelength is the distance from?
A. Wave crest to wave crest.
B. Trough to next wave crest.
C. The E and H fields superimposed onto the system reactance background scatter.
D. Wave crest to next trough.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 2.
The emission characteristics A3E describe?
A. ILS.
B. VOR.
C. HF communications.
D. VHF communications.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 3.
Electromagnetic waves travel at?
A. The speed of sound.
B. 300 000 metres per second.
C. The speed of light.
D. 162 000 miles per hour.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 4.
In regard to radio what does the term frequency mean?
A. The number of waveform in one hour.
B. The number of complete waveform passing a point in one second.
C. The speed of radio waves in metres per second.
D. The length of a complete waveform in metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 5.
The Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) uses the following wavelength?
A. Metric.
B. Decimetric.
C. Centimetric.
D. Hectometric or Kilometric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 6.
According to ICAO Annex 10, in which frequency band(s) does a locator transmit?
A. HF.
B. LF/MF.
C. HF/VHF.
D. MF/HF.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 7.
The VHF Direction Finder uses the following wavelengths?
A. Hectometric.
B. Decimetric.
C. Metric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 8.
The Instrument Landing System (ILS) uses the following wavelengths?
A. Hectometric.
B. Decimetric.
C. Metric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 9.
The frequency band for the Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) is?
A. Hectometric.
B. Decimetric.
C. Metric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 10.
The Microwave Landing System (MLS) uses the following wavelengths?
A. Myriametric.
B. Metric.
C. Hectometric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 11.
Into what range does ILS localiser wavelength fall?
A. Kilometric.
B. Metric.
C. Nanometric.
D. Millimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 12.
A transmission of RF energy at a wavelength of 18 metres is in which frequency band?
A. MF.
B. LF.
C. HF.
D. VHF.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 13.
The Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) uses the following wavelengths?
A. Decimetric.
B. Metric.
C. Hectometric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 14.
The VHF Omnirange (VOR) uses the following wavelengths?
A. Decimetric.
B. Metric.
C. Hectometric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 15.
What is the wavelength of the ILS Localiser signal?
A. Myriametric.
B. Metric.
C. Hectometric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 16.
What is the wavelength of a VOR?
A. Decimetric.
B. Metric.
C. Hectometric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 17.
Frequency is defined as the?
A. Number of complete cycles recurring in one unit of time.
B. Distance between a crest and a crest.
C. Number of complete cycles recurring in ten units of time.
D. Distance from axis to peak value.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 18.
A radio facility transmits on a wavelength of 2.22 cm. The facility could be a …… operating on
a frequency of ………?
A. VDF, 135 MHz.
B. DME, 1350 MHz.
C. Doppler 13500 MHz.
D. Radio Altimeter 13500 kHz.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 19.
The Marker beacons use the following wavelengths?
A. Myriametric.
B. Metric.
C. Hectometric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 20.
The Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) uses the following wavelengths?
A. Myriametric.
B. decimetric.
C. Hectometric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 21.
The Low Altitude Radio Altimeter (RADALT) uses the following wavelengths?
A. Decimetric.
B. Metric.
C. Myriametric.
D. Centimetric.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 22.
A radio transmitter modulator?
A. Tunes the aerial only.
B. Ensures receiver compatibility.
C. Couples the RF signal to an aerial.
D. Superimposes an audio frequency signal (AF) onto a radio frequency signal (RF).
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 23.
SELCAL is an equipment that?
A. Functions as a frequency modulator.
B. Is coupled with TCAS II and is concerned with TA warnings systems.
C. Automatically receives incoming signals.
D. Automatically transmits data signals.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 24.
What is the wavelength corresponding to a frequency of 375 kHz?
A. 8 metres.
B. 80 metres.
C. 800 metres.
D. 8000 metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 25.
What is the wavelength corresponding to a frequency of 75 MHz?
A. 4 metres.
B. 40 metres.
C. 7.5 metres.
D. 75 metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 26.
A wavelength of 8.5 metres corresponds to a frequency of?
A. 2 833.3 MHz.
B. 3 594.4 MHz.
C. 28 333 MHz.
D. 35,294 MHz.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 27.
The VHF frequency band is in the?
A. 3 to 30 kHz range.
B. 30 to 300 kHz range.
C. 3 to 30 MHz range.
D. 30 to 300 MHz range.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 28.
The VHF frequency band is in the?
A. 3 to 30 kHz range.
B. 30 to 300 kHz range.
C. 3 to 30 MHz range.
D. 30 to 300 MHz range.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 29.
Assuming a wavelength of 1 centimetre, the frequency will be?
A. 30 MHz.
B. 0.3 GHz.
C. 3.0 GHz.
D. 30 GHz.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 30.
Decimetric waves correspond to a frequency of?
A. 300 to 3 000 kHz.
B. 3 000 to 30 000 kHz.
C. 300 to 3 000 MHz.
D. 3 000 to 30 000 MHz.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 31.
The wavelength of a radio signal transmitted at a frequency of 118.7 MHz?
A. 2.53 metres.
B. 25.3 metres.
C. 2.53 centimetres.
D. 25.3 centimetres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 32.
The wavelength of a radio signal with a frequency of 121.95 MHz?
A. 26.60 metres.
B. 24.60 centimetres.
C. 2.46 centimetres.
D. 2.46 metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 33.
In the diagram below what is the phase difference of the higher amplitude signal from the
reference signal?
A. 135 degrees.
B. 225 degrees.
C. 315 degrees.
D. 045 degrees.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 34.
What is the frequency corresponding to a wavelength of 12 centimetres is?
A. 2500 kHz.
B. 2500 MHz.
C. 360 MHz.
D. 3600 MHz.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 35.
Assuming a frequency of 20 MHz, the wavelength will be?
A. 1.5 metres.
B. 150 metres.
C. 0.15 metres.
D. 15 metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 36.
What is the wavelength of a radio signal with a frequency of 375 kHz?
A. 1.25 metres.
B. 12.5 metres.
C. 800 metres.
D. 80 metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 37.
A frequency of 2400 kHz is equivalent to a wavelength of?
A. 8 metres.
B. 0.8 metres.
C. 125 metres.
D. 105 metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 38.
The wavelength of a non-directional beacon (NDB) at a frequency of 300 kHz is?
A. 1 metres.
B. 10 metres.
C. 100 metres.
D. 1000 metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 39.
The wavelength of a radio signal is 200 metres. What is its frequency?
A. 1.5 kHz.
B. 1.5 MHz.
C. 1.5 GHz.
D. 15 MHz.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 40.
A radio signal has a frequency of 3 GHz. What is its wavelength?
A. 1 metres.
B. 10 centimetres.
C. 100 centimetres.
D. 1.0 centimetres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 41.
The VHF frequency band has a wavelength limit of?
A. 100 m to 10 m.
B. 1 m to 100 cm.
C. 10 m to 1 m.
D. 100 cm to 10 cm.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 42.
In the diagram, the phase difference between the two signals is?
A. 90 degrees.
B. 180 degrees.
C. 270 degrees.
D. 360 degrees.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 43.
A half wave dipole aerial suitable for transmitting an RF signal at 18 MHz should have an
effective length of?
A. 8.33 metres.
B. 16.67 metres.
C. 83.33 metres.
D. 166.67 metres.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 44.
The gain of an aerial is its ability to?
A. Focus power.
B. Compensate for attenuation.
C. Transmit intelligence.
D. Overcome transmitter line resistance.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 45.
A horizontally polarised electromagnetic wave?
A. Has the E field horizontal.
B. Has the E field vertical.
C. Has the Z field horizontal.
D. Has the H field horizontal.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 46.
Which of the following statements is correct in respect to a RF signal?
A. The plane of polarisation is dictated by the oscillator unit in the transmitter.
B. The electrical component of the signal is parallel to the aerial.
C. The magnetic component of the signal is parallel to the aerial.
D. Both the electrical component and the magnetic component of the signal are parallel to
the aerial.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 47.
A radio wave with a horizontal magnetic component would be best received by a …… aerial?
A. Vertical.
B. Horizontal.
C. Parabolic.
D. Magnetic.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 48.
An electromagnetic wave has two types of energy field?
A. An H electrical field and an E magnetic field.
B. A Z electrical field and an H magnetic field.
C. A Z magnetic field and an E electrical field.
D. An E electrical field and an H magnetic field.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 49.
Feeder lines are of the following types?
A. Co-axial – up to 3000 MHz, wave guides - above 3000 MHz.
B. Co-axial - above 3000 MHz, wave guides – up to 3000 MHz.
C. Co-axial – up to 300 kHz, wave guides – above 300 kHz.
D. Wave guides – up to 20 MHz, co-axial – above 20 MHz.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 50.
Comparing a parabolic reflector with a flat plate antenna of the same size?
A. The flat plate has a considerably smaller beam width.
B. The parabolic reflector has a considerably smaller beam width.
C. The flat plate antenna generates less side lobes than the parabolic reflector.
D. The parabolic reflector generates less side lobes that the flat plate antenna.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 51.
What causes the so called "night effect"?
A. The difference in velocity of the EM waves over land and over sea at night.
B. A change in the direction of the plane of polarisation due to reflections in the ionosphere.
C. Interference between ground waves and space waves.
D. The absence of the surface wave at distances larger than the skip distance.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 52.
A Doppler shift will occur?
A. If a receiver is moving during reception of transmission from a fixed position transmitter.
B. If a transmitter is moving during transmission to a fixed position transmitter.
C. When the distance between a transmitter and a receiver is changing during a
transmission.
D. All of the options are correct.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 53.
An apparent increase in the transmitted frequency which is proportional to the transmitter
velocity will occur when?
A. Both transmitter and receiver move towards each other.
B. The transmitter moves away from the receiver.
C. The transmitter moves towards the receiver.
D. The receiver moves towards the transmitter.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 54.
An apparent decrease in the transmitted frequency, which is proportional to the transmitter
velocity, will occur when?
A. Both transmitter and receiver move away from each other.
B. The transmitter moves away from the receiver.
C. The transmitter moves towards the receiver.
D. The transmitter and the receiver move towards each other.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 55.
When a transmitter is moving towards a receiver, the correct description of Doppler effect
is?
A. There is an increase in apparent wavelength, which is independent of transmitter velocity.
B. There is a decrease in apparent wavelength, which is independent of transmitter velocity.
C. There is an increase in apparent wavelength, which is dependent of transmitter velocity.
D. There is a decrease in apparent wavelength, which is dependent of transmitter velocity.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 56.
Refraction of an electromagnetic radiation is?
A. Loss of power through reflection from objects.
B. The bending of its propagation path as it passes through or over areas of different
electrical conductivity.
C. The loss of power as it passes through or over areas of different electrical conductivity.
D. Bending resultant from reflection from objects.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 57.
Which statement is true?
A. The lower the frequency the greater the ionospheric attenuation.
B. The attenuation of an HF ground wave is worse over the land than over ice.
C. The ionosphere will attenuate and refract signals up to 30 GHz.
D. None of the above options are true.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 58.
Attenuation of radio waves means?
A. The weakening of radiated waves.
B. The atmospheric bending of waves.
C. Only the scattering of waves in the troposphere.
D. Only the absorption of energy by the sea.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 59.
The term Doppler shift refers to?
A. The change in speed measured at the receiver.
B. The change in angle measured at the receiver.
C. The change in depression angle measured at the receiver.
D. The change in frequency measured at the receiver.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 60.
When an LF radio wave passes over the Earth's surface it?
A. Speeds up, picks up electrons and becomes stronger.
B. Slows down, picks up electrons and becomes stronger.
C. Slows down and is attenuated.
D. Speeds up and is attenuated.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 61.
To establish and maintain effective HF communication, frequency at a given range?
A. Should be decreased at night.
B. Should be increased at night.
C. Should remain constant.
D. Should only be varied by season, decreased in summer and increased in winter.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 62.
Skip distance is the?
A. Thickness of the ionosphere.
B. Highest critical frequency distance.
C. Range from the transmitter to the first returning sky wave.
D. Wavelength distance of a certain frequency.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 63.
Diffraction of an FR signal is a displacement of its propagation path due to?
A. Passing through ionised regions of the upper atmosphere.
B. Reflection from the surface.
C. Passing over or through mediums of different conductivity.
D. Passing over obstacle with dimensions close to the wavelength.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 64.
Using a medium frequency band when is fading likely to occur?
A. Night time with sky and ground waves.
B. night time when snowing.
C. Day time when snowing.
D. Day with sky and ground waves.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 65.
Complete the following statement. ….. radio signals have a ….. range by ….. wave over …..
than over ….?
A. MF, shorter, sky, sea, land.
B. MF, greater, ground, sea, land.
C. VHF, shorter, sky, sea, land.
D. MF, greater, ground, land, sea.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 66.
The frequency at which sky waves should least affect reception?
A. VLF.
B. LF.
C. MF.
D. HF.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 67.
The skip distance of HF transmissions will increase with?
A. Lower frequency and lower position of the reflecting layer.
B. Lower frequency and higher position of the reflecting layer.
C. Higher frequency and higher position of the reflecting layer.
D. Higher frequency and lower position of the reflecting layer.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 68.
Attenuation is a generic term for?
A. Loss of power but is only relevant to space waves.
B. increase in power.
C. refraction.
D. loss of power.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 69.
Reflection from the ionospheric layers is used in the following radio frequencies?
A. VLF.
B. HF.
C. VHF.
D. UHF.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 70.
MF fading is most common?
A. During the day due to the reception of both sky waves and ground waves.
B. During the day and during heavy rain.
C. At night and during heavy rain.
D. At night due to the reception of both sky waves and ground waves.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 71.
As the frequency of a transmitter is increased, the range of the ground wave will?
A. Increase.
B. Decrease.
C. Decrease by night only.
D. Increase over the sea.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 72.
Skip distance is longest by …. and with a …. frequency?
A. Day, low.
B. Day, high.
C. Night, low.
D. Night, high.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 73.
Attenuation of a radio wave is the?
A. Reduction of its power by absorption, scattering or spreading.
B. Increase of its power by the combination of mutli-path signals.
C. Change of its frequency by use of sidebands.
D. Change of amplitude by use of sidebands.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 74.
A radio signal loses strength as the range from the transmitter increases. This effect is
called?
A. Ducting.
B. Amplification.
C. Attenuation.
D. Refraction.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 75.
In the propagation of MF waves, the phenomenon of FADING is particularly found?
A. By day and when raining.
B. At night and when raining.
C. By day due to the combination of sky waves and ground waves.
D. At night, due to the combination of sky waves and ground waves.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 76.
Fading happens?
A. In daytime when ground waves and sky waves interfere with each other.
B. At night when ground waves and sky waves interfere with each other.
C. At night when the signal is received by ground waves only.
D. At daytime when the signal is received by sky waves only.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 77.
Which of the following statements is true?
A. A transmission's bandwidth is affected by the design of the aerial.
B. Bandwidth must be reduced in order to reduce noise.
C. A narrow bandwidth improves beam width.
D. A broad bandwidth gives a narrow beam width.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 78.
Diffraction is the process by which?
A. A direct wave is bent around the form of the Earth.
B. A space wave penetrates the ionosphere.
C. Radio waves travel over and around objects.
D. A ground wave is attenuated over rough ground.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 79.
What is the lowest frequency where freedom from static interference can be guaranteed?
A. 3 MHz.
B. 30 MHz.
C. 300 MHz.
D. 3 GHz.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 80.
An HF transmitter is tuned to a frequency that refracts from the E layer in the ionosphere.
The maximum distance of the first returning sky wave is?
A. 599 km.
B. 1500 km.
C. 599 nm.
D. 1500 nm.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 81.
The approximate maximum range of ground waves of LF and MF are (by day) ….. and …..
respectively, with ….. suffering more from atmospheric attenuation?
A. 1500 nm, 1000 nm, MF.
B. 1000 nm, 500 nm, LF.
C. 1000 nm, 300 nm, MF.
D. 500 nm, 100 nm, LF.
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BASIC PRINCIPLES 82.
An aircraft travelling at 300 metres per second transmits a radio signal at 10 GHz to a
stationary receiver. If the aircraft is flying directly towards the receiver and they are
approximately at the same height, the received signal frequency will be?
A. 11 MHz.
B. 10.000011 GHz.
C. 9.999989 GHz.
D. 11 GHz.
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END OF BASIC PRINCIPLES QUESTIONS (Q1 – Q82)
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