VDF – QUESTION BANK
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VDF 1.
What is the approximate maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL130 could
receive information from a VDF facility, which is sited 1024 FT above MSL?
A. 180 NM
B. 220 NM
C. 120 NM
D. 150 NM
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VDF 2.
VDF accuracy may be decreased by?
A. Diurnal variation.
B. Site and propagation errors.
C. Night effect.
D. Coastal effect.
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VDF 3.
VDF is not affected by the other options listed in this question.
The maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL80 can obtain bearings from a
ground VDF facility sited 325 FT above MSL is:
A. 158 NM
B. 107 NM
C. 114 NM
D. 134 NM
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VDF 4.
What is the minimum level that an aircraft, at a range of 113 NM, must fly in order to
contact the tower on R/T for a VDF bearing from an airport sited 169 FT above MSL?
A. FL60
B. FL50
C. FL80
D. FL100
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VDF 5.
What is the approximate maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL140 could
receive information from a VDF facility, which is sited 1050 FT above MSL?
A. 220 NM
B. 125 NM
C. 155 NM
D. 193 NM
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VDF 6.
What is the approximate maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL240 could
receive information from a VDF facility, which is sited 1023 FT above MSL?
A. 120 NM
B. 150 NM
C. 223 NM
D. 210 NM
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VDF 7.
What is the approximate maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL120 could
receive information from a VDF facility, which is sited 6000 FT above MSL?
A. 234 NM
B. 210 NM
C. 175 NM
D. 150 NM
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VDF 8.
What is the approximate maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL200 could
receive information from a VDF facility, which is sited 6000 FT above MSL?
A. 210 NM
B. 295 NM
C. 250 NM
D. 274 NM
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VDF 9.
What is the minimum level that an aircraft, at a range of 153 NM, must fly in order to
contact the tower on R/T for a VDF bearing from an airport sited 169 FT above MSL?
A. FL120
B. FL150
C. FL180
D. FL100
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VDF 10.
What is the minimum level that an aircraft, at a range of 170 NM, must fly in order to
contact the tower on R/T for a VDF bearing from an airport sited 169 FT above MSL?
A. FL190
B. FL180
C. FL100
D. FL151
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VDF 11.
What is the minimum level that an aircraft, at a range of 112 NM, must fly in order to
contact the tower on R/T for a VDF bearing from an airport sited 144 FT above MSL?
A. FL100
B. FL60
C. FL90
D. FL100
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VDF 12.
What is the minimum level that an aircraft, at a range of 133.5 NM, must fly in order to
contact the tower on R/T for a VDF bearing from an airport sited 144 FT above MSL?
A. FL90
B. FL60
C. FL80
D. FL100
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VDF 13.
An aircraft is "homing" to a radio beacon whilst maintaining a relative bearing of zero. If the
magnetic heading increases, the aircraft is experiencing?
A. Right drift
B. Left drift
C. Zero drift
D. A wind from the west
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VDF 14.
What airborne equipment, if any, is required to be fitted in order that a VDF let-down may
be flown?
A. VHF radio
B. VOR
C. None
D. VOR/DME
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VDF 15.
Which of the following is an advantage of Ground/DF (VDF) let-down?
A. It only requires a VHF radio to be fitted to the aircraft
B. It is pilot interpreted and does not require the assistance of ATC
C. It does not require any special equipment to be fitted to the aircraft
D. It does not require any special equipment, apart from a VHF radio, to be installed in the
aircraft or on the ground
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VDF 16.
In which one of the following circumstances is ground direction finding (VDF) likely to be
used to fix an aircraft's position?
A. On first contact with ATC on crossing an international FIR boundary
B. When contacting ATC to join controlled airspace from the open FIR
C. When declaring an emergency on any frequency
D. When using the emergency VHF frequency 121.5 MHz
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VDF 17.
What is a VDF referenced to?
A. Relative bearing to the aircraft.
B. True north at the aircraft.
C. Magnetic north at the station.
D. Magnetic north at the aircraft.
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VDF 18.
What is the approximate maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL 130 could
receive information from a VDF facility, which is sited 1024 ft above MSL?
A. 180 nm.
B. 150 nm.
C. 120 nm.
D. 220 nm.
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VDF 19.
In ISA conditions, what is the maximum theoretical range at which an aircraft at FL80 can
expect to obtain bearings from a ground VDF facility sited 325 ft above msl?
A. 107 nm.
B. 158 nm.
C. 114 nm.
D. 134 nm.
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VDF 20.
What is the maximum level that an aircraft at a range of 113 nm, must fly in order to contact
the tower on R/T for a VDF bearing from an airport sited at 169 ft above MSL?
A. FL60.
B. FL80.
C. FL50.
D. FL100.
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VDF 21.
A radio beacon has an operational range of 10 nm. By what factor should the transmitter
power be increased in order to achieve an operational range of 20 nm?
A. Four.
B. Eight.
C. Two.
D. Six.
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VDF 22.
VDF is the abbreviation for?
A. VDF Direction Finder.
B. Very Direction Finder.
C. Very High Frequency Deviation Finding Station.
D. VHF Direction Finder.
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VDF 23.
To provide a pilot with the position of the aircraft in the absence of radar, ATC must have at
its disposal at least?
A. Two VDFs at different locations, able to take bearings simultaneously on the transmitted
frequency.
B. Three VDFs at different locations, able to take bearings simultaneously on different
frequencies.
C. Two co-located VDFs, able to take bearings simultaneously on the transmitted
frequency.
D. One VDF able to take bearings simultaneously on different frequencies.
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VDF 24.
Range of VDF depends on?
1. Line of sight formula.
2. Power of transmitter.
3. Intervening high ground.
The combination regrouping all of the correct statements is?
A. 2.
B. 1, 2 and 3.
C. 1 and 2.
D. 1 and 3.
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VDF 25.
Range of VDF depends on?
1. Loudness of the voices of the pilots and the operator when transmitting.
2. power of airborne and ground transmitters.
3. power of pilot voice when transmitting.
4. aircraft altitude and ground transmitter elevation.
The combination regrouping all of the correct statements is?
A. 2 and 4.
B. 2
C. 1
D. 3 and 4.
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VDF 26.
One of the uses of the VDF is providing aircraft with?
A. Ground speed.
B. Homing
C. Altitude.
D. Heading.
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VDF 27.
A VDF may be used?
A. To provide the ATC controller with bearings of aircraft in the absence of radar.
B. In emergency type situations when the aircraft is unable to transmit on VHF.
C. In combination with radar to solve a 180 degree ambiguity.
D. In lieu of ILS for precision approach purposes.
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VDF 28.
What is the effect of multipath signals (coming from the same aircraft) at the Ground VHF
Direction Finder Station?
A. It reduces the range at which the Ground VDF Direction Finder station receives signals
from the aircraft.
B. Regardless of the difference in distance travelled by these signals, it results in their
extinction of the signals at the Ground VHF Direction Finder station.
C. It may result in an increase in the distance at which Ground Direction Finder station
receive signals from the aircraft, if the Ground Station is situated in the skip zone.
D. They may result in bearing errors.
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VDF 29.
In flight, a pilot can improve the range of his transmission with a VDF operator by?
A. Speaking louder.
B. Flying out of clouds.
C. Increasing altitude.
D. Decreasing altitude.
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VDF 30.
An aircraft is "homing" to a radio beacon whilst maintaining a relative bearing of zero. If the
magnetic heading decreases, the aircraft is experiencing?
A. Right drift
B. Left drift
C. Zero drift
D. A wind from the west
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VDF 31.
Given:
Compass heading 270°.
Deviation 2°W.
Variation 30°E.
Relative bearing of VDF station from the aircraft 316°.
What is the QDR?
A. 044°
B. 226°
C. 046°
D. 224°
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VDF 32.
By selecting one VHF frequency, in the range 108 to 112 MHz, on the Nav receiver?
A. Rho-theta information from an enroute VOR/DME can be obtained.
B. Rho-theta information from an ILS/DME can be obtained.
C. Rho-theta information from a terminal VOR/DME can be obtained.
D. Rho-theta information from enroute VORs can be obtained.
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VDF 33.
VDF measures the bearing of the aircraft with?
A. Reference to the aircraft relative bearing.
B. Reference to the true and magnetic north at the station.
C. Reference to the true and magnetic north at the aircraft.
D. Reference to magnetic north at the aircraft.
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VDF 34.
The VDF Class B bearing is accurate to within?
A. +/- 1 degrees.
B. +/- 5 degrees.
C. +/- 3 degrees.
D. +/- 2 degrees.
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VDF 35.
When would VDF be used for a position fix?
A. When declaring an emergency on 121.5 MHz.
B. When the aircraft declares an emergency on any frequency.
C. When first talking to an FIR on crossing an international boundary.
D. When joining controlled airspace from uncontrolled airspace.
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VDF 36.
What airborne equipment, if any, is required to be fitted on order that a VDF let-down may
be flown?
A. VOR/DME.
B. VHF Radio.
C. None.
D. VOR.
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VDF 37.
An aircraft wishing to use the VDF service must?
A. By within 10 nautical miles of the VDF aerial.
B. Transmit a signal for a long enough period for the bearing to be established.
C. Be equipped with a VOR indicator unit.
D. Ask the controller to transmit for a long enough period to establish the bearing.
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VDF 38.
What equipment does an aircraft need when carrying out a VDF let-down?
A. None.
B. VOR.
C. VOR/DME.
D. VHF Radio.
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VDF 39.
The minimum airborne equipment required for operation of a VHF Direction Finder is a?
A. VHF Transmitter-receiver operating in the 118 MHz to 136 MHz range.
B. VHF Compass operating in the 200 kHz to 1750 kHz range.
C. Cathode ray tube.
D. VHF receiver operating in the 118 MHz to 136 MHz range.
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VDF 40.
When conducting a QGH approach responsibility for interpreting the procedure rests with
……. And on a QDM approach responsibility rests with ……?
A. The controller, the controller.
B. The pilot, the pilot.
C. The pilot, the controller.
D. The controller, the pilot.
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VDF 41.
Ground direction finding at aerodromes utilises which frequencies?
A. VHF at civil aerodromes, VHF at military aerodromes.
B. VHF at civil aerodromes, UHF at military aerodromes.
C. UHF at civil aerodromes, VHF at military aerodromes.
D. UHF at civil aerodromes, UHF at military aerodromes.
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VDF 42.
The range at which you can obtain a VDF bearing can be influenced by?
A. Intensity of ionisation.
B. Surface type.
C. Aircraft height.
D. Time of day.
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VDF 43.
What is the purpose of a ground direction finder?
A. To map airfields.
B. To aid ground movements.
C. To aid pilot navigation.
D. To assist planners in the construction of airfield approaches.
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VDF 44.
Which of the following affects VDF range?
A. Coastal refraction.
B. The height of the transmitter and the receiver.
C. The strength of the pilot's voice when transmitting.
D. Sky wave propagation.
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VDF 45.
Abnormal long ranges may be experienced on VDF channels, caused by?
A. Efficient VDF antennas.
B. Intermodulation with signals on frequencies close to the one being used by the VDF
station.
C. Super refraction of the signals in the atmosphere.
D. The VDF station using a relay station for communication to the aircraft.
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VDF 46.
In VDF service the report "QDR 235, Class C" means?
A. The magnetic bearing from the aircraft to the station is 235 +/- 10 degrees.
B. The magnetic bearing from the station to the aircraft is 235 +/- 15 degrees.
C. The true bearing from the station to the aircraft is 235 +/- 10 degrees.
D. The magnetic bearing from the station to the aircraft is 235 +/- 10 degrees.
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VDF 47.
If, when you are requesting a QDM from an airfield, you are offered a QGH, it means?
A. The service will be limited to bearings, no position will be given by the DF station.
B. The VDF unit is prepared to give you assistance during an approach to the airfield, based
on VDF bearings.
C. The VDF service will be handled by a different DF unit, operating on the same frequency.
D. The bearing will only be accurate when the aircraft is flying above the QGH level.
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VDF 48.
Which Q code would give a magnetic heading from a VDF station?
A. QDM.
B. QDR.
C. QUJ.
D. QTE.
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VDF 49.
Which Q code would give a true track from a VDF station?
A. QDM.
B. QDR.
C. QUJ.
D. QTE.
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VDF 50.
Which Q code would give a magnetic heading to steer (in nil wind) to a VDF station?
A. QDM.
B. QDR.
C. QUJ.
D. QTE.
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VDF 51.
With reference to a VDF bearing, the true bearing of the aircraft from the ground station is
a?
A. QUJ.
B. QTE.
C. QDR.
D. QDM.
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VDF 52.
You intercept a QDM with a right crosswind component. Is your intercept heading greater or
smaller than it would be without wind influence?
A. Greater.
B. Smaller.
C. Remains the same.
D. Not enough information to give an answer.
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VDF 53.
If a ground D/F controller passes a bearing thus: "your true bearing is 256 degrees, class
Alpha." This means?
A. QTE accurate to +/- 2 degrees.
B. QTE accurate to +/- 5 degrees.
C. QDR accurate +/- 2 degrees.
D. QUK accurate +/- 3 degrees.
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VDF 54.
What is QTE?
A. Magnetic track to the station.
B. Magnetic track from the station.
C. True track from the station.
D. True track to the station.
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VDF 55.
In the VDF system directional antennas are used?
A. At the ground installation.
B. In the aircraft.
C. In the aircraft and at the ground installation.
D. No directional antennas are used.
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VDF 56.
The pilot of an aeroplane requesting a VDF bearing should?
A. Avoid banking when transmitting.
B. Not pass over the VDF station.
C. Transmit on 121.5 MHz.
D. Ensure that radio silence is maintained.
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VDF 57.
Which of the following statements regarding VHF Direction Finding (VDF) is most accurate?
A. It is simple and only requires a VHF radio on the ground.
B. It is simple and requires a VHF radio and direction finding equipment in the aeroplane.
C. It is simple and requires a VHF radio on the ground and in the aeroplane.
D. It uses line of sight propagation.
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VDF 58.
Which of the following is an advantage of VDF?
A. No equipment is required in the aircraft.
B. No special equipment is required in the aircraft or on the ground.
C. Only a VHF radio is required in the aircraft.
D. It is pilot interpreted, so ATC is not required.
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VDF 59.
With reference to ground DF, the controller can refuse to give a bearing if?
A. The requesting aircraft is not from a consenting country.
B. The pilot does not use the prescribed terminology.
C. Conditions are poor and bearings do not fall the station's classifications limits.
D. None of the above.
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VDF 60.
An aircraft receives a Class A true bearing from a VDF station. This is?
A. QTE accurate to +/- 2 degrees.
B. QUJ accurate to +/- 2 degrees.
C. QUJ accurate to +/- 5 degrees.
D. QTE accurate to +/- 5 degrees.
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VDF 61.
A Class C magnetic bearing is received from a station. This is?
A. QUJ accurate to +/- 5 degrees.
B. QDM accurate to +/- 10 degrees.
C. QTE accurate to +/- 5 degrees.
D. QDR accurate to +/- 10 degrees.
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VDF 62.
When the pilot is conducting a QDM/QGH procedure, he will require?
A. No operator on the ground for either VDF or QGH procedures.
B. An operator on the ground only for VDF procedure.
C. An operator on the ground only for QGH procedure.
D. An operator on the ground for both VDF and QGH procedures.
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VDF 63.
The VDF homer service provides?
A. Accurate bearings on demand.
B. Bearings, which may be affected by synchronous transmissions.
C. A QGH procedure to transiting aircraft.
D. Bearings, which will normally be within +/- 5 degrees accuracy to a 20 nm range.
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VDF 64.
The minimum airborne equipment required for operation of a VHF Direction Finder is a?
A. VHF Compass operating in the 500 kHz to 1000 kHz range.
B. Course Deviation Indicator (CDI).
C. VHF receiver operating in the 118 MHz to 136 MHz range.
D. VHF Transmitter-receiver operating in the 118 MHz to 136 MHz range.
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VDF 65.
At a height of 5000 feet you might expect to receive a VHF signal, from a transmitter located
at sea level, at a range of?
A. 88.4 nm.
B. 88.4 km.
C. 70.7 nm.
D. 200 km.
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VDF 66.
What is the maximum range at which a VDF station at 235 feet can provide a service to an
aircraft at FL100?
A. 91 nm.
B. 114 nm.
C. 134 nm.
D. 144 nm.
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VDF 67.
A Class B bearing has accuracy limits of plus or minus?
A. 2 degrees.
B. 3 degrees.
C. 5 degrees.
D. 7 degrees.
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VDF 68.
VDF for aeronautical use provides service in the frequency range?
A. 108 to 118 MHz.
B. 108 to 136 MHz.
C. 118 to 136 MHz.
D. 130 to 300 MHz.
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VDF 69.
In flight a pilot can improve the range of his transmission with a VDF operator by?
A. Increasing altitude.
B. Decreasing altitude.
C. Speaking louder.
D. Flying out of clouds.
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VDF 70.
What is the Q code for a magnetic bearing from a VDF station?
A. QNH.
B. QTE.
C. QDR.
D. QDM.
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END OF VDF QUESTIONS (VDF 1 – VDF 70)
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