SECTION C
1. Example:
python
print("Hello World")
print("Programming is fun")
2. Example:
python
banana_count = 10 # Stores number of bananas
3. favourite_colour = "Blue"
4. Example:
python
print("My favorite colour is " + favourite_colour)
5. Example:
python
print("She said, \"Hello!\"")
6. Rules:
o Cannot start with a digit
o No special characters except underscore
o Case-sensitive
7. Example:
python
"python programming".upper()
8. Example:
python
text = input()
print([Link]())
9. Example:
python
base = 5
height = 8
area = (base * height) / 2
10. += adds to variable; /= divides variable by value and reassigns.
Python Basics Learning Notes
1. Introduction to Python
Why Python?
o Easy to learn with readable syntax.
o Widely used in web development, AI, data science, and
automation.
o Great for beginners.
Basic Syntax Rules:
o Uses indentation (spaces/tabs) for code blocks.
o Case-sensitive (Name ≠ name).
o Each command typically goes on a new line.
2. Input and Output
print() Function:
o Displays output on the screen.
o Syntax: print("message")
input() Function:
o Takes user input.
o Syntax: variable = input("prompt")
o Returns a string by default.
Example:
python
name = input("What is your name? ")
print("Hello,", name)
3. Python Numbers
Three Numeric Types:
1. int – Whole numbers (e.g., 5)
2. float – Decimal numbers (e.g., 3.14)
3. complex – Imaginary numbers (e.g., 3+4j)
Type Checking:
o Use type() to check the data type: type(variable)
Type Conversion:
o Convert between types using:
int(), float(), complex()
o Example:
python
x=1 # int
y = float(x) # becomes 1.0
4. Arithmetic Operators
Basic Operators:
o + Addition
o - Subtraction
o * Multiplication
o / Division
o % Modulus (remainder)
o ** Exponentiation (power)
o // Floor division (integer division)
Assignment Operators:
o =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, **=, //=
Example:
python
a=5
a += 3 # a is now 8
5. Strings and String Methods
String Methods:
o lower() / upper() – Change case
o title() – Capitalizes each word
o capitalize() – Capitalizes first character
o replace(old, new) – Replaces text
o count(substring) – Counts occurrences
o find(substring) – Returns position
o expandtabs(tabsize) – Adjusts tabs
Example:
python
text = "Hello World"
print([Link]()) # HELLO WORLD
6. Lists
Definition:
o A collection of items stored in a single variable.
o Created with square brackets: list = ["item1", "item2"]
List Features:
o Can contain mixed data types.
o Allows duplicate values.
o Indexed (starts at 0).
Common List Methods:
o append(item) – Adds item to end
o remove(item) – Removes item
o sort() – Sorts list
o len(list) – Returns length
Example:
python
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(fruits[1]) # banana
[Link]("orange")