Class 12 Chemistry – Solutions Chapter Questions
MCQs (31–50)
31. Ideal solution example: (a) Benzene + Toluene (b) Water + NaCl (c) HCl + H■O (d) None
32. Solubility decreases with temperature for: (a) Gases (b) Solids (c) Liquids (d) None
33. Unit of osmotic pressure: (a) atm (b) Pa (c) both (d) none
34. Vapour pressure depends on: (a) Temperature (b) Volume (c) Mass (d) Shape
35. Molarity depends on: (a) Volume (b) Mass (c) Temperature (d) both a & c
36. Mole fraction unit: (a) unitless (b) mol (c) L (d) kg
37. Colligative properties depend on: (a) solute number (b) nature (c) temp (d) pressure
38. Boiling point increases when: (a) solute added (b) temp decreases (c) pressure decreases (d) none
39. Freezing point decreases when: (a) solute added (b) temp increases (c) pressure increases (d) none
40. Osmosis direction: (a) low to high conc (b) high to low (c) same (d) none
41. Semi-permeable membrane allows: (a) solute (b) solvent (c) both (d) none
42. Raoult’s law formula: (a) P = X·P■ (b) PV=nRT (c) F=ma (d) none
43. Henry’s law: (a) P = kx (b) V/T (c) nRT (d) none
44. Molality symbol: (a) m (b) M (c) x (d) π
45. Osmotic pressure symbol: (a) π (b) M (c) m (d) x
46. Ideal solution has: (a) similar forces (b) different forces (c) strong forces (d) none
47. Non-ideal solution: (a) different interactions (b) same (c) zero (d) none
48. ∆Tf ∝: (a) m (b) M (c) V (d) P
49. ∆Tb ∝: (a) m (b) M (c) V (d) P
50. Colligative properties depend on: (a) particles (b) nature (c) temp (d) pressure
Very Short Answer (1 mark each)
Q1. Define molarity.
Q2. What is molality?
Q3. Write the unit of mole fraction.
Q4. State Raoult’s law.
Q5. What is an ideal solution?
Q6. Define colligative properties.
Q7. What is osmotic pressure?
Q8. What is Henry’s law?
Short Answer (2–3 marks each)
Q9. Differentiate between molarity and molality.
Q10. Why is molality preferred over molarity in colligative properties?
Q11. State two characteristics of ideal solutions.
Q12. Explain positive deviation from Raoult’s law with an example.
Q13. Define van’t Hoff factor and give its significance.
Q14. What is reverse osmosis? Give one application.
Long Answer (4–5 marks each)
Q15. Derive the expression for lowering of vapour pressure according to Raoult’s law.
Q16. Explain: (a) Elevation in boiling point (b) Depression in freezing point.
Q17. Derive the formula for osmotic pressure and explain its significance.
Q18. Discuss the factors affecting the solubility of gases in liquids.
Assertion–Reason Questions
Q19. Assertion (A): Molarity changes with temperature. Reason (R): Volume of solution changes with
temperature.
Q20. Assertion (A): Molality is preferred over molarity. Reason (R): Molality does not depend on temperature.
Q21. Assertion (A): Vapour pressure decreases when a non-volatile solute is added. Reason (R): Mole fraction of
solvent decreases.
Q22. Assertion (A): Ideal solutions obey Raoult’s law at all concentrations. Reason (R): Intermolecular forces are
similar in nature.
Q23. Assertion (A): Solubility of gases increases with pressure. Reason (R): According to Henry’s law, solubility is
directly proportional to pressure.