A Project Report On

The Automatic Engine Locking System through Alcohol

Detection.
submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

B. Tech

In

Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

By

SIDDHARTHA BHATTACHARYYA Roll No. 2008014

TATHASTU MISHRA Roll No.2008016
AMIT KUMER Roll No. 2108301
AKASH SINGH Roll No. 2108302

under the guidance of

Prof. Manoj Kumar Parida
School of Electronics Engineering
KALINGA INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
(Deemed to be University)
BHUBANESWAR
MAY 2023
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “The Automatic Engine Locking System through Alcohol Detection”
submitted by

SIDDHARTHA BHATTACHARYYA Roll No. 2008014

TATHATU MISHRA Roll No. 2008016
AMIT KUMER Roll No. 2108301
AKASH SINGH Roll No. 2108302

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and
Instrumentation Engineering is a bonafide record of the work carried out under my guidance and supervision at School of
Electronics Engineering, KIIT (Deemed to be University).

Signature of Supervisor
Prof. Manoj Kumar Parida
School of Electronics Engineering
KIIT (Deemed to be University)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We feel immense pleasure and feel privileged in expressing our deepest and most sincere gratitude to our
supervisor Prof. Manoj Kumar Parida, for his excellent guidance throughout our project work. His kindness,
dedication, hard work and attention to detail have been a great inspiration to us. Our heartfelt thanks to you sir
for the unlimited support and patience shown to us. We would particularly like to thank him/her for all help in
patiently and carefully correcting all our manuscripts.
We are also very thankful to Dr. (Mrs.) Sarita Nanda, Associate Dean and Associate Professor, Dr. (Mrs.)
Suprava Patnaik, Dean and Professor, School of Electronics Engineering, and Project Coordinators, for their
support and suggestions during entire course of the project work in the 6th semester of our undergraduate
course.

Roll Number Name Signature

Date: 05/05/2023.

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 ABSTRACT

The automatic engine locking system through alcohol detection is a safety system
designed to prevent drunk driving. The system uses an alcohol sensor to detect the
presence of alcohol in the breath of the driver. If the sensor detects alcohol above a
certain threshold level, the system automatically locks the engine of the vehicle,
preventing it from starting.

The system is designed to work with all types of vehicles, including cars, trucks, and
motorcycles. It can be installed as a standalone system or integrated into the vehicle's
existing ignition system. The alcohol sensor is typically mounted on the dashboard or
steering wheel of the vehicle, and the engine locking mechanism is integrated with the
vehicle's computer system.

The benefits of this system are numerous. It can significantly reduce the number of
accidents caused by drunk driving, potentially saving lives and reducing injuries. It can
also help to reduce the number of drunk driving incidents overall, by providing a
deterrent to those who might otherwise consider driving while under the influence.

There are some potential drawbacks to the system as well. For example, it may be
possible for drivers to bypass the system by using a friend or family member who is not
intoxicated to start the vehicle. Additionally, some drivers may find the system to be an
invasion of privacy or an inconvenience, particularly if they are not intending to drink
and drive.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowlwdement
Abstract
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background Studies
1.2 Motivation
1.3 Objectives
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY
2.1 Applied Techniques and Tools
2.2 Design Approach
CHAPTER 3: RESULT AND DISCUSSION
3.1 Experimental Setup/Design

3.2 Protortype Testing

CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSIVE REMARKS

4.1 Chalenges

4.2 Remedy

CHAPTER 5: RESULT ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

5.1 Results Obtained
5.2 Applications And Advantages
5.3 Discussion
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIVE REMARKS
6.1 Conclusion
6.2 Future Work
REFERENCES
APPENDIX A: GANTT CHART

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CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background Studies:
Drunk driving is still a major issue across the world, with a high number of accidents and fatalities blamed on
alcohol use while driving. To overcome this issue, academics have recommended that automated engine
shutdown be used in conjunction with alcohol detection to avoid drunk driving. This concept entails
incorporating an alcohol detection device into the car's ignition system, which detects the driver's alcohol level
before starting the engine. This study of the literature investigates the feasibility and efficacy of autonomous
engine shutdown using alcohol detection.
Several studies have been conducted to investigate the feasibility of automatic engine shutdown via alcohol
detection. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) discovered that ignition interlock
devices, which are equivalent to automatic engine shutdown via alcohol detection, are technologically possible
and reliable. The study also discovered that the gadgets could detect alcohol levels correctly and help to avoid
drunk driving.
Another study, this time by the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, discovered that
alcohol ignition interlock devices are both viable and dependable. The study also discovered that gadgets are
simple to operate and maintain.
Several studies have been conducted to investigate the effectiveness of automatic engine shutdown via alcohol
detection. According to one CDC research, ignition interlock devices cut the frequency of alcohol-related deaths
by up to 16%. According to the study, the gadgets lower the number of alcohol-related accidents by up to 65%.
Another research by the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute discovered that alcohol
ignition interlock devices can reduce alcohol-related accidents by up to 70%. The devices also cut the chance of
repeat drunk driving offences by up to 39%, according to the study.
The Traffic Injury Research Foundation discovered that ignition interlock systems can lower the number of
alcohol-related collisions by up to 90%. The gadgets were also proven to be beneficial in decreasing recidivism
among intoxicated drivers, according to the study.

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1.2 Motivation:
The objective for creating an automated engine locking system based on alcohol detection is to limit the
occurrence of drunk driving, which is a major cause of road accidents and fatalities worldwide. Drunk driving is
a major issue that impacts not just the drunk driver but also other drivers and pedestrians on the road.
According to the World Health Organization, around 1.35 million people die in road traffic accidents each year,
with drunk driving being a major factor. Drunk driving is a prominent source of accidents, injuries, and
fatalities on the roads in many nations.
One of numerous approaches designed to fight this problem is the automatic engine lockout system based on
alcohol detection. This device can assist in preventing drunk driving by automatically detecting the presence of
alcohol in the driver's breath and preventing the engine from starting.
Furthermore, the implementation of such a system can aid in the development of a culture of responsible
driving, in which drivers are encouraged to make safe decisions and avoid driving while intoxicated. As a result,
the total incidence of drunk driving can be reduced, making the roads safer for everyone.

1.3 Objectives:
Automatic Engine Locking Device In order to combat drunk driving, Alcohol Detection tries to develop a
trustworthy and efficient system that can rapidly shut the engine if alcohol is found in a driver's breath.
The device's goal is to: provide accurate and quick detection of alcohol levels in the driver's breath
1. Only allow a sober driver to operate the vehicle.
2. To safeguard the driver, passengers, and other road users, refuse to start the vehicle if the driver's blood
alcohol level exceeds the legal limit.
3. It is simple to use and maintain due to real-time operation and seamless interaction with the vehicle's existing
systems.
4. To improve road safety, reduce the incidence of fatal drunk driving crashes.
5. Outline a proactive plan to avoid drunk driving, which can help reduce the cost of alcohol-related accidents.
The main objective of the Automatic Engine Locking System Through Alcohol Detection is to provide
dependable and effective technology that may aid in lowering alcohol-related traffic accidents and ensuring all
drivers' safety.

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CHAPTER 2 :
METHODOLOGY
2.1 Applied Techniques and Tools:

1.) Arduino Nano: This is the main hardware component used in our project. It is an open-source electronic
platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It is used for sending, receiving and processing the signal
and it helps to rotate the servo motor and shows the display on the screen.
It is a tiny, compact board based on the ATmega328P microcontroller that makes it simple and affordable to
construct electronics and programming projects. It is one of the smallest members of the Arduino family,
making it ideal for applications with limited space.
The Arduino Nano includes 14 digital input/output pins, 8 analog input pins, and a quartz crystal oscillator
running at 16 MHz. It also has a power jack, a small USB connector for charging and communicating with a
computer, and a reset button. The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE), a free software package
that allows users to create, compile, and upload code to the board, may be used to programming the board.

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2.) MQ-3 Sensor: The MQ-3 sensor is made of Tin Dioxide (SnO2) delicate layer. t is sorted out in such a
structure to give high affectability to liquor and low affectability to Benzene. It has an immediate drive circuit
to give lively reaction, quality, and longer lifetime. It has a clear interface type. On the sensor, port pins 1, 2 and
3 tend to the yield, GND and VCC independently.
The MQ-3 sensor is a gas sensor that can detect many forms of alcohol, including ethanol, methanol, and
butanol. It detects variations in electrical resistance caused by the presence of alcohol gas in the air. A tiny
heating element boosts the temperature of a ceramic substance covered with a sensitive compound that reacts to
the presence of alcohol in the sensor. When alcohol is detected, the sensor's resistance changes, which can be
measured and used to calculate the concentration of alcohol in the air.
MQ-3 sensors are extensively employed to detect alcohol in the air in breathalyzer devices, as well as in
industrial and automotive applications. It is crucial to note, however, that the sensor can detect other volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) in the air, which might result in erroneous results if not properly calibrated or
utilized in appropriate settings.

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3.) Buzzer: A buzzer is a mechanical, electromechanical, magnetic, electromagnetic, electro-acoustic or
piezoelectric audio signaling device. A piezo electric buzzer can be driven by an oscillating electronic circuit or
other audio signal source.
An electronic buzzer is a tool that emits sound when an electrical current flows through it. This transducer
transforms electrical energy into mechanical vibrations, which then result in sound waves.
Different buzzer types exist, but the electromagnetic buzzer—which consists of a wire coil and a movable
armature—is the most prevalent kind. The armature is drawn towards the coil when an electric current is sent
through the coil, which creates a magnetic field. Sound waves are produced by the vibration that this movement
causes.

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4.) DC Motor: The DC motor is connected to the L293D which in turn is connected to Arduino and is given 5V
supply. DC motor works on the principle of Lorentz Law. When an electric current is passed through the motor,
the coil carrying the current produces.
An electric motor that transfers electrical energy into mechanical energy is known as a direct current (DC)
motor. It generates rotational motion by interacting with a magnetic field and an electric current.
DC motors are made up of two main components: the stator (fixed portion) and the rotor (spinning part). The
stator houses one or more permanent magnets or electromagnets, whereas the rotor houses a wire coil. When an
electric current is applied to the coil, it generates a magnetic field that interacts with the magnetic field of the
stator to produce rotational motion.
The direction of rotation may be changed by reversing the current flow in the coil. The motor's speed can be
adjusted by altering the amount of current provided to the coil or by utilizing a speed controller.
DC motors are utilized in a broad range of applications, including cars, industrial machinery, domestic
appliances, and robots. Because of their excellent efficiency, simplicity of control, and ability to generate strong
torque at low speeds, they are chosen in particular applications. They do, however, have significant drawbacks,
such as a limited speed range and the need for frequent maintenance.

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5.) LCD Display -LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY) screen is an electronic display module & finds a wide
range of applications. A 16*2 LACD display is a very basic module & is very commonly used in various
devices & circuits.
A 16-segment LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is a form of alphanumeric display that creates letters and symbols
using 16 segments. It is a more sophisticated form of the 7-segment LCD, which displays numeric digits on
seven segments.
A 16-segment LCD display is made up of a grid of 16 individually addressable segments that are laid out in a
pattern to generate letters or symbols. Typically, the segments are constructed of narrow strips of conductive
material sandwiched between two layers of polarized material. When the conductive strips are charged, they
align with the polarized layers to form visible segments.
16-segment LCD displays are widely utilized in industrial and consumer applications such as digital clocks,
thermometers, and vehicle dashboards. They may show capital and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols, as
well as a variety of special characters like arrows, financial symbols, and mathematical symbols.

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6.) GSM Module: A GSM modem or GSM module is a device that uses GSM mobile telephone technology to
provide a wireless data link to a network.
A GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) module is a sort of hardware gadget that allows a device
to communicate with a cellular network. It has a SIM card slot and a modem that allows it to connect to the
internet and make phone calls through a cellular network.
GSM modules are widely utilized in a wide range of applications, including tracking systems, security systems,
and remote monitoring devices. They're also utilized in Internet of Things (IoT) devices that need wireless
communication, such smart home gadgets, wearables, and industrial sensors.
To utilize a GSM module, the device must have a SIM card and a communication protocol capable of
communicating with the module. The device may then transmit commands to the module to execute operations
such as text messaging, phone calls, and internet access.
GSM modules come in a variety of form factors, such as small or micro, and with a variety of characteristics,
such as compatibility for 3G or 4G networks. Some modules also include extra features, such as GPS or
Bluetooth connectivity, to enhance the device's functionality.

7.) Capacitor: A capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in an electric field by virtue of accumulating
electric charges on two close surfaces insulated from each other. It is a passive electronic component with two
terminals.
An electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field is known as a capacitor. It is made up
of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric. When a voltage is supplied to the plates, an electric field is
formed between them, allowing electrical energy to be stored.

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Capacitors come in a variety of shapes and sizes, with varying capacitance values and voltage ratings. A
capacitor's capacitance value, measured in farads (F), relates to its ability to hold electrical charge. Higher
capacitance capacitors can store more electrical energy than lower capacitance capacitors.
Electronic circuits frequently employ capacitors to carry out a number of tasks, including reducing ripples in
power supply voltages, removing undesirable frequencies, and storing and releasing electrical energy.
Additionally, they are utilized in frequency filters, oscillators, and timing circuits.

8.) L7805 Product (Voltage Regulator): The L7800 series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-
220, TO-220FP, TO-3 and D2PAK packages and several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range
of applications. These regulators can provide local on-card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems
associated with single point regulation
The L7805 is a prominent linear voltage regulator IC (Integrated Circuit) that is often used in electrical circuits
to give a fixed voltage output. The voltage regulator L7805 is intended to give a controlled 5V DC output
voltage from a greater input voltage source.
The L7805 voltage regulator IC has three pins: an input voltage pin, an output voltage pin, and a common
ground pin. The gadget operates by regulating the output voltage based on the input voltage and load
circumstances through a series pass transistor. The built-in protective features of the L7805 voltage regulator IC
include thermal shutdown, short-circuit protection, and overvoltage protection.
The L7805 voltage regulator IC can handle a maximum input voltage of 35V DC and a maximum output
current of 1A. The gadget is simple to use and requires only a few external components to function, such as
capacitors and resistors.

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2.2 Design Approach:

We used an alcohol sensor to detect alcohol consumption with the Driving Hiring Service, and a
microcontroller to transform the alcohol reading into a breath sample. Because this system controls the entire
automotive engine, detecting alcohol will prevent the engine from starting. The driver reservation approach that
we utilize is quickly becoming popular. The great majority of individuals (the general public) nowadays choose
uncomplicated transportation with drivers. They prefer to travel with a driver rather than cabs or auto-rickshaws.

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CHAPTER 3:
EXPERIMENTATION AND TESTS
3.1 Experimental Setup/Design:

 The Experimental Demonstration is using the MQ3-sensor which helps in detecting the presence of
alcohol in the substance.
 At first, to start the experiment, we place the alcohol containing substance in front of the sensor, which
then detects the level of alcohol present in that particular substance.
 It sends the signals to the microcontroller which in turn activates the system i.e., the GSM module, DC
motor, buzzer, LCD display and the motor controller.
 After that, the GSM module sends the SMS to the number entered into the microcontroller by the user.
The LCD display will show the presence of alcohol and the DC motor will slowly shut down.

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3.2 Prototype Testing:

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CHAPTER 4:
CHALLLEGES, CONSTRAINTS AND STANDARDS:
4.1 Challenges:
 While the Automatic Engine Locking System is an effective solution to drunk driving, there are some
challenges that need to be addressed.
 One challenge is ensuring that the system is not triggered by substances other than alcohol, such as
mouthwash or medication. Another challenge is the cost of installing the system in vehicles.

4.2 Remedy:
 Calibration: To ensure the accuracy of the alcohol sensor, regular calibration is necessary. Calibration
can be done by exposing the sensor to a known alcohol concentration and adjusting the readings
accordingly.
 Compatibility: To overcome integration challenges, the system can be designed to be compatible with a
wide range of vehicles, or the installation process can be customized for each vehicle.
 Cost-Effective Solutions: To reduce the cost of the system, low-cost components can be used without
compromising the system's accuracy or reliability.

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CHAPTER 5:
RESULT ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

5.1 Results Obtained:

An automated engine locking system with alcohol detection is a device that tries to prevent drunk driving. The
device employs a sensor to detect alcohol levels in the driver's breath or blood; if the levels are above a
specified threshold, the engine is locked, and the vehicle will not start.

This technology has the potential to drastically reduce the number of accidents caused by drunk driving, which
is a major cause of fatalities on the road. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA), drunk driving killed 10,142 people in the United States in 2019.

However, there are some drawbacks to using automatic engine locking systems with alcohol detection. For
example, the device may be incapable of reliably detecting alcohol levels, resulting in false positives or false
negatives. Furthermore, the system may be tampered with, compromising its effectiveness.

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5.2 Applications and Advantages:

The applications of this project are easily visible:

 The Alcohol detection with engine locking system can be implemented in any 4- wheelers.
 The Alcohol detection with engine locking system can help prevent accidents due to drunk driving.
 The Alcohol detection with engine locking system can be very helpful for police.
 The Alcohol detection with engine locking system prove automatic safety system for cars and other
vehicles

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5.3 Discussion:

To reduce automobile accidents, an Arduino-based alcohol detection system with motor lockout was created.
This project has two alcohol concentration scenarios: 50 to 100 and 150 to 400. Keep in mind that the liquid
crystal display (LCD) displays the alcohol concentration even if no alcohol was detected. The 'NORMAL' state
denotes a blood alcohol content of less than 150 mg/dL. It enables those who wish to drive to start the car. If the
"DRUNK" condition is met, the message "DRUNK" will be displayed on the [Link] buzzer will ring if the
alcohol concentration level is less than 150, indicating that the car's driver has drunk a modest amount of
alcohol. A driver, on the other hand, is still permitted to start the vehicle. If the alcohol detector reading exceeds
the preset value of 150, a message stating "DRUNK" will appear. This demonstrates that the motorist drank too
much alcohol. Regardless, the driver was unable to start the engine and drive at this time. Furthermore, the
driver must wait until the alcohol level in their exhaled breath has decreased.

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CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSIVE REMARKS:
6.1 Conclusion:
Finally, after system design, the input is identified by the sensor via a human breath. In the following situation,
the sensor measures the alcohol levels and compares them to the preset limits. If the predetermined limit of
alcohol consumption is less than the amount drunk by the individual, the system of activating relays is activated,
which in turn activates the automatic lock on the car, stopping the motor if it is running or unable to start.

6.2 Future Work:

In the future, the government must pass regulations allowing such circuits to be installed in each automobile, as
well as manage all car manufacturers to preinstall such systems when the car is being manufactured.
If it is achieved, the number of fatalities caused by intoxicated drivers is frequently reduced. As a future
addition to this type of device, safely landing an automobile aside without disturbing other cars is also possible.

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REFRENCES

 L.A. Navarro, M. A. Diño, E. Joson, R. Anacan and R. D. Cruz, "Design of Alcohol

Detection System for Car Users thru Iris Recognition Pattern Using Wavelet Transform,"
2016 7th International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation
(ISMS), Bangkok, 2016, pp. 15-19.
 Cahalan,D., I. Cisin, and Crossley, American Drinking Practices: A National Study of
Driving Behavior and Attitudes. 1969, Rutgers University Press: New Brunswick, NJ.
 MUGILA.G, MUTHULAKSHMI.M, SANTHIYA.K, [Link].P- SMART
HELMET SYSTEM USING ALCOHOL DETECTION FOR VEHICLE PROTECTION
[International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology
(IJIRTSE) ISSN: 2395-5619, Volume – 2, Issue – 7. July 2016].
 Dhivya M and Kathiravan S, Dept. of ECE, Kalaignar Karunanidhi Institute of
Technology- Driver Authentication and Accident-Avoidance System for Vehicles [Smart
Computing Review, vol. 5, no. 1, February 2015].
 Babor, AUDIT: Guidelines for using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test in
Primary Care. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1992.
 Lee, Evaluating Vehicle-Based Sensors' Capability to Detect Alcohol Impairment.
Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2010.
 Arduino ([Link])
 Accident Vehicle Automatic Detection System by Image Processing Technology, IEEE
1994 Vehicles Navigation & ISC, by A. ISuge, H. Takigawa, H. Osuga, H. Soma, and K.
Morisaki.

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Appendix A: Gantt Chart

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