AY AL ENERG

N D Y U
EE NI
V
D E
T
I

R
D

SI
N

TY
PA

HUMIDITY AND TEMPERATURE

MONITORING SYSTEM

A Mini Project Report

Of
Microprocessor Lab (20CP202)

Department of Computer Engineering

School of Technology
Pandit Deendayal Energy University
Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

Sem - 3rd
Div-1, G2
Submitted by: Submitted To:
Rhythm Gandhi (23BCP043) Dr. Deepak Sahu
Manas Joshi (23BCP070) Assistant Professor,
CSE, 3rd Sem Department of ICT,
SOT, PDEU
 INDEX

1. Introduction 2

2. Parts used in project 2-4

3. Circuit Diagram 5

4. Working 5

5. Project picture 6

6. Source Code 7

7. Data 8

8. Conclusion 9

9. Learning Outcomes 9

[Link] 10

[Link] Scope 10

[Link] 11

[Link]-Chart 13

[Link] 14
1|Page
 WEATHER MONITORING SYSTEM
(HUMIDITY & TEMPERATURE)

➢ Introduction :-
The Arduino UNO is a widely loved microcontroller board that's perfect for a variety of
projects, one of which is monitoring temperature and humidity. The DHT11 sensor is a
popular choice for this task. It's affordable, easy to use, and gives reasonably accurate
readings, making it ideal for beginners and DIY enthusiasts.

Setting up a temperature and humidity monitoring system with the DHT11 is straightforward.
You simply connect the sensor to the Arduino UNO, usually using a digital pin to send data.
The DHT11 uses a single-wire protocol, allowing the Arduino to read temperature and
humidity values without fuse.
In a typical project, the Arduino pulls data from the DHT11 and displays it on an LCD screen
or the Serial Monitor. Plus, you can program it to control an LED based on the readings.

This project not only helps you keep an eye on your environment but also serves as a great
introduction to working with sensors and programming logic using Arduino. With just a few
components, you can create a functional system that responds to changes around you, making
it a fun and educational experience.

➢ Parts Used in the project is given below :

1. Arduino UNO ATMEGA328 :- Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the

ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6
analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header
and a reset button.

2. DHT11 Sensor Module :- The DHT11 is a basic, ultra low-cost digital temperature and
humidity sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to measure the
surrounding air and spits out a digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed).

2|Page
 3. Full-Size Breadboard : - A breadboard, solderless breadboard, or protoboard is a
construction base used to build semi-permanent prototypes of electronic circuits. Unlike
a perfboard or stripboard, breadboards do not require soldering or destruction of tracks and
are hence reusable.

4. Jumper Wires :- Jumper wires are electrical wires with connector pins at each end that are
used to connect two points without soldering. They are commonly used in prototyping,
breadboarding, and circuit testing.

5. I2C Connector for LCD :- The I2C protocol is a serial communication protocol that uses two
wires: SDA (serial data) and SCL (serial clock). The I2C protocol allows multiple devices to

3|Page
 communicate with each other using only two wires and unique addresses. The I2C module
converts the signals from the Arduino into commands for the LCD.

6. 16x2 LCD Display :- A 16×2 LCD display is a liquid crystal display that can show 16
characters in each of its two rows, providing a total of 32 characters of information.

4|Page
 ➢ Circuit Diagram:-

➢ Working:-
The temperature and humidity monitoring system using an Arduino UNO and a DHT11
sensor operates through a simple yet effective process.

Wiring:
1. Connect the DHT11:
o VCC: Connect to the 5V pin on the Arduino.
o GND: Connect to the ground (GND) on the Arduino.
o DATA: Connect to a digital pin on the Arduino (e.g., pin 2).

2. ARDUINO UNO :-
o CONNECTED WITH A USE PORT TO THE PC.

3. Connect the I2C LCD:

o VCC: Connect to the 5V pin on the Arduino.
o GND: Connect to the GND pin on the Arduino.
o SDA: Connect to the SDA pin on the Arduino.
o SCL: Connect to the SCL pin on the Arduino.
➢ Process : -
Initialization:
• The Arduino initializes the DHT11 sensor using a library (like the DHT sensor library).
• It sets up the LED pin as an output.

5|Page
Reading Data:
• In the main loop, the Arduino sends a request to the DHT11 sensor to get the current
temperature and humidity readings.
• The sensor responds with the data, which the Arduino reads and stores in variables.
Condition Check:
• The Arduino checks the temperature and humidity values against predefined thresholds.
• For example, if the humidity exceeds 70%, the Arduino can trigger the LED to turn on.
Output:
• The readings can be displayed on the Serial Monitor for real-time monitoring.

WEATHER MONITORING SYSTEM

(HUMIDITY & TEMPERATURE)

6|Page
 ➢ SOURCE CODE:

7|Page
 ➢ DATA :-

8|Page
 ➢ Learning Outcomes:-
• Basic Circuit Design using the bread board and various components.

• Understanding the working of The Bread board

• Soldering

• Basic Cocepts of the programming in the aurdino uno

• Components of the Aurdino uno

• Improve problem-solving skills through debugging.

• mplement logic to control an LED based on sensor values.

• Understand the impact of temperature and humidity on comfort.

• Connect and integrate the DHT11 sensor with Arduino UNO.

➢ Conclusion:-

 The weather monitoring system using the DHT11 sensor was successfully
implemented to measure temperature and humidity in real-time. The
project demonstrated effective sensor integration with a microcontroller
and highlighted potential for future improvements, such as adding more
sensors or enabling remote monitoring. Overall, it achieved its objectives
of simple, reliable environmental monitoring.

 Temperature Range: 0 to 35°C with an accuracy of ±2°C.

 Humidity Range: 25% to 95% with an accuracy of ±5% RH.

 Highest Temperature recorded : 31.5

 Lowest Temperature recorded : 25

 Highest Humidity Recorded : 98%

 Lowest Humidity Recorded : 94%

9|Page
 References:

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]

FUTURE SCOPE

Aim:-

By integrating IoT into your humidity and temperature control system, you can enhance its
functionality significantly, allowing for remote monitoring and automated control. As you develop
your project, consider adding more features like alerts for high humidity or temperature, user
authentication for remote access, and even a data logging function for long-term analysis. brief
explanation about the above project related to the automation

[Link] Monitoring :-
Access to real-time data from anywhere through the internet.

[Link] Control :-
Automatic adjustments of devices based on sensor readings without manual intervention.

[Link] and Notifications :-

Immediate notifications sent to users when conditions exceed predefined thresholds.

4. User Authentication :-
Secure access control to ensure only authorized users can interact with the system.

[Link] Logging and Analysis :-

Long-term storage and review of historical data for trends and decision-making.

➢ Addition to the components or your humidity and temperature control project using
Arduino : -

1. Relay Module:-
• Purpose: Used to control high voltage appliances (like an air conditioner) safely with the low
voltage output from the Arduino.

10 | P a g e
 2. Wi-Fi Module (e.g., ESP8266 or ESP32)
• Purpose: Enables the Arduino to connect to the internet for IoT functionality, allowing for
remote monitoring and control.

3. Diode (e.g., 1N4001)

• Purpose: To protect the Arduino from back EMF when controlling inductive loads (like
motors or relays).

4. Buzzer or Speaker
• Purpose: For alerts or notifications when conditions exceed thresholds.

11 | P a g e
 ➢ RESEARCH :-
STATEMENT :- The goal of this project is to design and implement a smart environmental control
system that measures the temperature and humidity of a container, and adjusts these parameters to the
optimal levels required for storing specific fruits or perishable goods. The system will use IoT
technology and Arduino UNO to monitor and control the temperature and humidity in real-time,
ensuring the best conditions for preserving the quality of the stored items.
➢ MAJOR COMPONENTS:-
Arduino UNO Board: The microcontroller that will process data from sensors and control the
cooling/heating systems.
DHT11 or DHT22 Humidity and Temperature Sensor: To monitor the temperature and
humidity levels inside the container.
Relay Module: Used to control the operation of external devices such as fans, air conditioners,
humidifiers, or heaters.
LCD Display: For displaying the current temperature and humidity readings inside the container.
Wi-Fi Module (ESP8266 or similar): For connecting the system to the cloud or a smartphone
app for real-time monitoring and remote control.
Power Supply: To ensure the Arduino and sensors are powered efficiently.

➢ STEPS:-

Real
Continous
Initialization Control Logic time
Monitoring
Monitoring

12 | P a g e
 FLOW CHART:-

1. Initialize System
├── Initialize DHT sensor
├── Initialize LCD display
├── Initialize Relay Module (cooling/heating system)
└── Connect to Wi-Fi

2. Display Initial Message on LCD (System Ready)

3. Start Main Loop (Continuous Monitoring)

├── Read Temperature from DHT sensor
├── Read Humidity from DHT sensor
├── If Sensor Readings are Valid:
│ ├── Proceed with Environmental Control
│ └── Else, Show Error on LCD and Retry
│
├── Display Temperature and Humidity on LCD

4. Check Temperature Conditions

├── If Temperature < Ideal Minimum:
│ ├── Activate Cooling/Heating (Relay = HIGH)
│ └── Wait for adjustment (e.g., 10 seconds)
├── Else If Temperature > Ideal Maximum:
│ ├── Activate Cooling/Heating (Relay = HIGH)
│ └── Wait for adjustment (e.g., 10 seconds)
└── Else:
└── Deactivate Cooling/Heating (Relay = LOW)

5. Check Humidity Conditions

├── If Humidity < Ideal Minimum:
│ ├── Activate Humidifier (Optional, if hardware available)
│ └── Wait for adjustment
├── Else If Humidity > Ideal Maximum:
│ ├── Activate Dehumidifier (Optional, if hardware available)
│ └── Wait for adjustment
└── Else:
└── No Action Needed

6. Send Data to Cloud (Optional)

├── Send Temperature and Humidity to Cloud (via Wi-Fi)
├── Send Notification (if values are out of range) via Mobile/App/Email
└── Wait for next iteration (e.g., 10 seconds)

7. Repeat Loop (Back to Step 3)

13 | P a g e
 ➢ CONCLUSION:-

The weather monitoring system using the DHT11 sensor successfully measures temperature
and humidity in real-time, offering simple and reliable environmental monitoring. The project
effectively integrates sensor data with the Arduino UNO, providing valuable insights into
environmental conditions. Future improvements could include adding more sensors or enabling
remote monitoring, making it a flexible and scalable solution for various applications.

By combining IoT and Arduino technology, the system provides an automated way to monitor
and control temperature and humidity, ensuring the quality and longevity of stored fruits or
goods.

The Smart Environmental Control System for cold storage offers a promising solution for
maintaining optimal conditions for perishable goods. By leveraging IoT technology and
Arduino UNO, the system can effectively monitor and regulate temperature and humidity levels
in real time, ensuring that items are stored in the ideal environment.

With the integration of sensors, automated control systems, and remote monitoring capabilities,
this system aims to enhance storage efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and improve the
quality and longevity of stored goods. It demonstrates significant potential for future
applications in various industries that rely on precise environmental control.

14 | P a g e