Step-by-Step Roadmap to Become a Data Engineer (Java + Python)
Step 1: Master Core Java & Python (Month 1-2)
- Java: OOP, Exception Handling, Collections, Multithreading, File I/O, JDBC
- Python: Syntax, Data Types, Functions, OOP, File Handling, Error Handling
* Goal: Be confident writing data-processing logic in both languages.
Step 2: Learn SQL & Databases (Month 2-3)
- Learn MySQL or PostgreSQL
- SQL Topics: SELECT, JOIN, GROUP BY, Subqueries, Indexing, Views
* Goal: Write complex SQL queries and design normalized databases.
Step 3: Data Structures & Algorithms (Parallel)
- Arrays, HashMaps, Trees, Graphs, Sorting
- Practice on LeetCode or HackerRank
* Goal: Improve logic and performance in code.
Step 4: Data Engineering Concepts (Month 4-5)
- ETL, Data Lakes, Data Warehousing
- Batch vs Real-time, OLAP vs OLTP
* Goal: Understand the data engineering landscape.
Step 5: Big Data Ecosystem (Java + Python) (Month 6-7)
- Hadoop: HDFS, MapReduce
- Apache Spark: RDDs, DataFrames, SQL (Java and PySpark)
- Apache Kafka: Streaming fundamentals
* Goal: Process large data efficiently.
Step-by-Step Roadmap to Become a Data Engineer (Java + Python)
Step 6: File Formats & Storage (Month 7-8)
- Learn CSV, JSON, Avro, Parquet, ORC
- Practice with Java and Python libraries
* Goal: Store and process data efficiently.
Step 7: Cloud Platforms (AWS Preferred) (Month 8-9)
- AWS: IAM, EC2, S3, Glue, Redshift, Athena
- Deploy Spark jobs to cloud
* Goal: Build scalable cloud-native pipelines.
Step 8: Orchestration & Scheduling Tools (Month 10)
- Apache Airflow (DAGs in Python)
- Cron Jobs
* Goal: Automate and monitor workflows.
Step 9: CI/CD + Docker + Git (Month 11)
- Git & GitHub, Docker, Jenkins/GitHub Actions
* Goal: Build and deploy reusable data engineering workflows.
Step 10: Projects + Portfolio (Month 12 and ongoing)
- ETL Pipeline: Java or Python + Spark + S3/Redshift
- Real-time Pipeline: Kafka + Spark Streaming
- Host projects on GitHub, create a portfolio site
* Goal: Demonstrate real-world skills.
Bonus Skills
Step-by-Step Roadmap to Become a Data Engineer (Java + Python)
- dbt (data transformations), Data Modeling
- Power BI/Tableau, Looker
- Data Governance concepts like GDPR
* Goal: Broaden your capabilities for enterprise jobs.
Tool Stack Summary
Programming: Java, Python
Databases: MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB
Big Data: Spark, Hadoop, Kafka
Cloud: AWS (S3, Glue, Redshift, Athena)
Workflow: Apache Airflow
CI/CD: Git, Docker, Jenkins
File Formats: JSON, Avro, Parquet, ORC