KADUNA STATE UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF MASS COMMUNICATION
ASSIGNMENT ON: SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
Course Code: [e.g. MMC 801]
Course Title: [e.g. Research Methods in Mass Communication]
Name: Isah Khadija Maijawi
Matric No: KASU/MCM/M-MCM/25/26/0006
Lecturer: Dr Lawan Zanna
Date: June 13th, 2026
1.0 Introduction
Sampling is a fundamental process in research that enables a researcher to study a manageable
portion of a large population and draw conclusions that apply to the entire group. Simple Random
Sampling (SRS) is one of the most basic and unbiased probability sampling techniques. In SRS,
every member of the defined population has an equal and independent chance of being selected.
This eliminates selection bias and increases the reliability of research findings. This assignment
discusses the concept of SRS, its procedure, advantages, disadvantages, and practical examples.
2.0 Definition of Simple Random Sampling
Simple Random Sampling is a probability sampling method in which each individual or item in the
population has an equal probability of being selected. The selection of any one member does not
affect the selection of any other member. It is often referred to as “pure random sampling.”
3.0 Procedure/Steps in Simple Random Sampling
1. Define the Population: Clearly identify the total group to be studied.
2. Create a Sampling Frame: Obtain a complete and accurate list of all members in the population.
3. Assign Identifiers: Give each member a unique number or code.
4. Determine Sample Size: Decide how many respondents are needed using a formula or guideline.
5. Select Sample Randomly: Use a lottery method, random number table, or computer software like
Excel, SPSS, or online randomizers to pick the required numbers.
4.0 Advantages of Simple Random Sampling
• Unbiased: Every member has equal chance, reducing researcher bias.
• Generalizable: Results can be confidently applied to the whole population.
• Simplicity: Easy to understand and implement when a sampling frame exists.
5.0 Disadvantages of Simple Random Sampling
• Requires Sampling Frame: Difficult when a complete list of the population is unavailable.
• Time & Cost: Can be expensive and time-consuming for large, scattered populations.
• Sampling Error: By chance, the sample may not adequately represent all subgroups in the
population.
6.0 Worked Examples
Example 1: Selection Process
A class has 30 students and we need a sample of 5 students using SRS.
Solution: Number students from 1 to 30. Using Excel or a random number table, generate 5 unique
numbers. Students with those numbers make up the sample.
Example 2: Probability
Why is SRS unbiased?
Solution: Each student’s probability of selection = Sample size ÷ Population size = 5/30 = 1/6 ≈
16.7%. Every student has the same chance.
7.0 Conclusion
In conclusion, Simple Random Sampling is a fair, transparent, and reliable method of selecting
respondents for research. Its greatest strength is that it gives all members of the population an
equal opportunity to be selected, which strengthens the validity of research conclusions. While it
requires a complete sampling frame and can be challenging for large populations, SRS remains the
“gold standard” for probability sampling because of its simplicity and fairness. Understanding SRS
is therefore essential for any researcher in Mass Communication and the social sciences.
References
Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. Mass Media Research.