1 Reactivity series
1. Table compares the reactivity of cobalt wit that of three other metals.
Use this information to put the four metals in order of their reactivity. Put the least
reactivity metal first.
cobalt zinc magnesium barium
2. Zinc and copper are elements next to each other in the periodic table.
Zinc is obtained from zinc blende in a two step process.
ZnS
Step 1
Zinc blende burns/roasted with hot air
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Chemical equation
2ZnS + O2 --> 2ZnO + 2S
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Step 2
The zinc oxide is displaced by carbon and forming pure zinc
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Chemical equation
ZnO + C --> Zn + CO2
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2 Reactivity series
3. Reactions occur when some aqueous solutions of halogens are added to aqueous
solutions of halides. Use key to complete to show the results of adding halogens to
halides.
4. This question is about iron.
(a) Two of raw materials added to blast furnace used to extract iron are coke and
hematite.
Name one other raw material added to the blast furnace.
lime stone
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(b) A series of reactions occur in a blast furnace during the extraction of iron from
hematite. Describe these reactions including chemical equation for reduction of
hematite and formation of slag. [5]
C + O2 --> CO2 Coke react with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and the
carbon dioxide will react with more coke to form carbon
C + CO2 --> CO monoxide
CO + Fe2O3 --> Fe + CO2 The hematite will react with the carbon monoxide to
form pure iron and carbon dioxide
CaCO3 CaO + CO2 (lime stone decompose on heating CaO product)
CaO + SiO2 --> CaSiO3 (silicon dioxide react with calcium oxide forming slag)
3 Reactivity series
(c) The iron extracted from hematite using a blast furnace is impure. Indentify the
main impurities in this iron and explain how it is removed in the steel making
process.
carbon and silicon
Main impurity ……………………… dioxide
How it is removed
hot air is blown through a blast furnace
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5. Iron and aluminium are two important metals extracted from their ores on a large
scale.
(a) In the extraction of iron, three different raw materials are put into the top of blast
furnace. Name the main compound present in the raw materials.
iron III oxide
Hematite ……………………………………….
calcium carbonate
Limestone ……………………………………..
(b) The following equations represent reactions in the blast furnace.
A
E
D
4 Reactivity series
(c) Molten iron and another molten substance collect at the bottom of the blast
furnace. What is the common name of this other molten substance?
slag
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(d) Aluminium is extracted from its ore by electrolysis. This is more expensive
process than using a blast furnace.
i. Why is a different method used for aluminium?
because aluminium is more reactive than carbon
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ii. State the major reason for high cost of extraction aluminium.
Needs a lot of electricity due to aluminium high melting point
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iii. Coke is used in the blast furnace contains carbon. Carbon is also used in
extraction of aluminium, but for different purpose. What is this purpose?
Coke is used as reducing agent
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(e) The extraction of aluminium can be represented by the chemical equation. Write
two half equations that can also used to represent this extraction.
In iron,………………………………………………………………………………………………
C is used as reducing agent. In Aluminium extraction, C is used as
electrode
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Al3+ + 3e --> Al
O2- --> O2 + 2e
NaOH
Al2O3.H2O -----------------> Al2O3 (lower Melting point --> cryolite) ---> molten =
Al2O3- Al3+, O2-