Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region X - Northern Mindanao
Schools Division of Bukidnon

Diagnostic Test, SY 2026-2027

Science 7

Name:_______________________________________ Section: _______________

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS. Do not write anything on this test paper. After carefully reading all the questions, reflect all
your answers on the separate ANSWER SHEET. Shade the circle that corresponds to your chosen answer.
1. A teacher is trying to explain how a volcano erupts using a small volcano that she made. What is the teacher using
to explain?
A. Diagram B. Representation C. Scientific Model D. Simulation

2. Sophia and her classmates are using scientific models to understand atoms. Why are models important in science?
A. They allow scientists to represent and study structures and processes that are too small, vast, or complex
to observe directly.
B. They eliminate the need for experimentation, providing final answers without the need for further testing.
C. They are purely artistic depictions with no real role in enhancing scientific understanding.
D. They function as precise, miniature duplicates of actual physical objects.

3. Ella is making a homemade rock candy experiment. She heats water and dissolves a large amount of sugar, far
more than usual. After cooling, she sees sugar crystals forming at the bottom. What type of solution did she create
before the sugar started crystallizing?
A. Unsaturated solution C. Supersaturated solution
B. Saturated solution D. Diluted solution

4. A scientist notices that when the temperature of a gas increases, the particles move faster and hit the walls of the
container more often. What does this tell us about the relationship between temperature and particle speed?
A. Temperature does not affect particle speed.
B. Higher temperature makes particles move slower.
C. Particles only move faster at very low temperatures.
D. Higher temperature makes particles move faster and collide more.

5. A student heats a gas in a closed container and observes that the gas particles move faster and spread out more.
According to the molecular kinetic theory, what happens to the speed of the particles as the temperature increases?
A. The particles stop moving.
B. The speed of the particles increases.
C. The speed of the particles decreases.
D. The speed of the particles stays the same.
6. Jinwoo wants to dissolve sugar in water. He first stirs a teaspoon of sugar into cold water, but some sugar remains
undissolved. Then, he heats the water and tries again. This time, all the sugar dissolves. Why did the sugar
dissolve better in hot water?
A. The heat turned the sugar into gas
B. Heating the water increases solubility
C. Cold water holds more sugar than hot water
D. The heat can slow the movement of the particles

7. Anna is in the laboratory, preparing to measure a liquid using a graduated cylinder. As he picks it up, he notices a
small crack in the glass. Even though the crack seems minor, he decides to use it anyway to complete his
experiment. What should Anna do instead?
A. Use tape to cover the crack and proceed
B. Ignore the crack and finish his experiment
C. Continue using the cracked cylinder carefully
D. Report the damaged glassware to the teacher and use a different one

8. A student notices that when ice is heated, it melts into water. Which of the following best describes the arrangement
of the particles in ice and water?
A. In ice, the particles are spread apart, and in water, they are tightly packed.
B. In ice, the particles are far apart, and in water, they form a regular pattern.
C. In both ice and water, the particles are loosely connected and able to move freely.
D. In ice, the particles are tightly packed in a fixed arrangement, and in water, they are loosely connected and
able to move around.

9. A construction worker needs to measure the length of a steel beam for a building project. If he uses a non-standard
unit, what problem could arise?
A. The measurement will be more accurate.
B. The construction will be completed faster.
C. The beam will automatically adjust to the correct length.
D. The beam may not fit properly, leading to structural issues.

10. The scientific method is a step-by-step process that helps scientists investigate questions and test ideas in a
structured way. Scientists and students use this method to explore various scientific concepts, from testing how
plants grow under different conditions to understanding chemical reactions. Carefully following the steps allows
them to make discoveries, solve problems, and develop new knowledge.

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of steps in a scientific investigation?
A. Aim or problem → Materials and equipment → Method or procedures →
Results → Conclusions
B. Conclusions → Results → Method or procedures → Materials and equipment →
Aim or problem
C. Materials and equipment → Method or procedures → Aim or problem →
Results → Conclusions
D. Results → Aim or problem → Method or procedures → Materials and
equipment → Conclusions

11. Sarah wants to find out if sunlight affects plant growth. She places one plant in direct sunlight and another in a dark
room, then measures their growth over two weeks. Which step of the scientific method is she performing?
 A. Forming a hypothesis, because she is making a prediction.
B. Drawing a conclusion, because she already knows the answer.
C. Identifying the problem, because she is still thinking about what to do.
D. Conducting an experiment, because she is testing her idea with controlled conditions.

12. Which of the following is the correct SI unit for measuring physical quantities?
A. Gram for mass, hour for time, inch for length
B. Liter for mass, Celsius for time, mile for length
C. Pound for mass, minute for time, foot for length
D. Kilogram for mass, second for time, meter for length

13. You are in your science class and your teacher gives you a small glass slide with a drop of pond water. You need to
observe tiny living organisms swimming around in the water that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. What
should you use to examine these tiny organisms in detail?
A. A flashlight B. A microscope C. A thermometer D. A magnifying glass

14. Living organisms can be classified as unicellular (made of a single cell) or multicellular (made of many cells).
Unicellular organisms, such as bacteria and some types of algae, carry out all life functions within a single cell. In
contrast, multicellular organisms, like humans, animals, and plants, have specialized cells that work together to
support life. Which of the following is a unicellular organism?
A. Bacteria B. Dog C. Human D. Tree

15. You are observing a plant cell under a microscope. You notice that the cell has a thick, rigid outer layer surrounding
it, which seems to provide extra support. What is the thick outer layer of the plant cell called, and what is its
function?
A. The nucleus, which controls the cell’s activities.
B. The cytoplasm, which holds the cell’s parts in place.
C. The cell wall, which provides structure and support
to the cell.
D. The cell membrane, which controls what enters and
leaves the cell.

16. Cell division is crucial for growth, repair, and reproduction. There are two main types: mitosis, which produces two
identical body cells for growth and maintenance, and meiosis, which creates four genetically unique gametes
(sperm and egg) for reproduction. Meiosis ensures genetic diversity and allows offspring to inherit half of their
genetic material from each parent. Understanding these processes helps explain inheritance, variation, and the
passing of traits. Jake is reviewing a diagram of cell division. He notices that one type of cell division produces two
identical daughter cells, while another produces four genetically different cells. Which statement correctly describes
the differences?
A. Both mitosis and meiosis produce four identical cells.
B. Mitosis produces four cells, while meiosis produces two cells
C. Meiosis produces two identical cells, while mitosis produces four different cells
D. Mitosis produces two identical cells, while meiosis produces four genetically different cells
17. A scientist studies how a baby inherits traits from both parents. What process ensures that offspring receive half of
their genetic material from each parent?
A. Mitosis, because it creates identical body cells.
B. Binary fission, because it creates identical offspring.
C. Fertilization, because it removes genetic differences between parents.
D. Meiosis, because it reduces the chromosome number in gametes (sperm and egg).

18. Which of the following organisms can undergo asexual reproduction?

I. Hydra plant
II. Potato
III. Starfish
IV. Turtle

A. I only B. I, III and VI C. I, II AND III D. I, III and IV

19. Noah is hiking in a forest and sees birds, insects, trees, and other living things interacting. He also notices a small
stream and rocks in the area. Why is this an ecosystem rather than just a community?
A. Because it has only one species
B. Because it consists of only animals
C. Because it only includes interactions between organisms
D. Because it includes both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors

20. Liam is studying a forest food web. He learns that a fox eats rabbits and mice, while the rabbits and mice eat plants.
What will most likely happen if the rabbit population decreases?
A. The fox population will increase
B. The plant population will decrease
C. The mice population will decrease
D. The fox population will decrease due to
less food

21. Noah notices that a river near his town is polluted, causing a decrease in fish population. The birds that eat the fish
are now struggling to find food. What does this situation show about a food chain?
A. Predators do not need prey to survive
B. The decrease in fish has no effect on the birds
C. Food chains are independent and not affected by external factors
D. If one organism is affected, it can impact other organisms in the food chain

22. How does the cell level relate to the higher levels of biological organization?
A. Cells are the highest level of biological organization.
B. Cells only function at the population level, not in individual organisms.
C. Cells exist independently and do not contribute to larger biological structures.
D. Cells are the basic units of life and combine to form tissues, organs, and organisms.

23. Why is sexual reproduction important for survival?

 A. It prevents mutations from happening.
B. It helps create genetic variety for adaptation.
C. It produces identical organisms with no changes.
D. It makes reproduction happen faster than asexual reproduction.

24. Cell division is essential for growth, repair, and reproduction. There are two main types: mitosis, which produces
identical body cells, and meiosis, which creates gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction. Meiosis
introduces genetic variation through processes like crossing over, where segments of DNA are exchanged between
homologous chromosomes, leading to new genetic combinations. Understanding these processes helps explain
inheritance, evolution, and genetic diversity. What role does crossing-over in meiosis play in genetic variation?
A. It ensures all offspring are genetically identical
B. It prevents variation by keeping DNA unchanged.
C. It removes half of the genes from the parent’s DNA.
D. It allows genes to mix between chromosomes, creating new combinations.

25. What makes the mitosis and meiosis similar?

A. Both produce four daughter cells.
B. Both only occur in reproductive organs.
C. Both processes create identical daughter cells.
D. Both involve the duplication and division of chromosomes

26. John uses a rope to tie the carabao to a tree. Which of the following statements correctly describes the forces
involved?
A. The applied force the carabao exerts on the tree is equal to the tension force the tree exerts on the
carabao through the rope.
B. The tension force the carabao exerts on the tree is equal to the applied force the tree exerts on the
carabao through the rope.
C. The applied force the carabao exerts on the tree is greater than the tension force the tree exerts on the
carabao through the rope.
D. The tension force the carabao exerts on the tree is greater than the applied force the tree exerts on the
carabao through the rope.

27. A coconut falls freely from a tree. Which of the following statements correctly describes the forces acting on the
coconut?
A. The forces are balanced, so the coconut accelerates downward.
B. The forces are balanced, so the coconut remains suspended in the air.
C. The forces are unbalanced, with gravity being the only force acting on the coconut.
D. The forces are unbalanced, with gravity pulling the coconut downward and air resistance acting upward
which is less.

28. The free body diagram on the left shows a balanced force. Which situation below shows a balanced force?

A. A book resting on a table

B. A fruit falling from a tree
C. A ball rolling down a hill
D. A car accelerating on a highway
29. A jeepney driver suddenly steps on the brakes to avoid hitting a pedestrian crossing the road. The passengers
inside the jeepney are thrown forward as the vehicle comes to a sudden stop. Meanwhile, a cyclist nearby speeds
up to overtake a tricycle, changing his direction to avoid a pothole on the road. Why do the jeepney passengers are
thrown forward when the driver applies the brakes, and why does the cyclist change direction while speeding up?
A. The forces acting on the jeepney and the cyclist are balanced, causing no change in motion.
B. The forces acting on the jeepney and the cyclist are balanced, causing both to change direction.
C. The forces acting on the jeepney are balanced, causing it to stop, while the forces on the cyclist are
unbalanced, causing him to slow down.
D. The forces acting on the jeepney are unbalanced, causing it to slow down, while the forces on the cyclist
are unbalanced, causing a change in speed and direction.
30. Maria lives in a small barangay. One morning, she walks from her house to the market, which is 300 meters east of
her home. After buying groceries, she walks 400 meters north to visit her friend’s house. Later, she returns directly
home in a straight line. Maria wonders about the total distance she traveled and how far she is from her starting
point. What is the difference between the total distance Maria traveled and her displacement from the starting
point?
A. Distance and displacement are the same because Maria returned to her starting point.
B. Distance is 0m from Maria’s starting point to her destination while displacement is the total path she walked
is 1,200m.
C. Distance is the total path Maria walked which is 1,200m while her displacement is 0m.
D. Total distance Maria walked is 700m while her displacement is 0 for she returned home.

31. A tricycle moves around a barangay at 30 km/h, frequently turning at different corners. Which physical quantity
changes due to the changes in direction?
A. Distance B. Speed C. Time D. Velocity

32. A bus from Malaybalay to Valencia travels at a constant high speed on a straight highway for several seconds
without stopping. A student plots a distance-time graph based on the bus’s journey. Which of the following correctly
describes the appearance of the graph?

A. B. C. D.

33. Many people cool their drinks by placing them in a bucket filled with ice and water. A student notices that the drink
cools down faster when the ice melts completely, but when the ice and water reach the same temperature as the
drink, the cooling stops. Why does the drink stop cooling when the ice and water reach the same temperature as
the drink?
A. The drink has reached its minimum possible temperature
B. The ice has completely melted and no longer absorbs heat.
C. Heat transfer stops when there is no temperature difference.
D. The water acts as an insulator and prevents further cooling.
34. In our kitchen we use metal pots to cook rice over a fire. The handle of the pot, which is also made of metal,
becomes hot over time, making it difficult to hold without a cloth or glove. Why does the handle of the metal pot
become hot when the pot is placed over a fire?
A. Heat is radiated from the fire to the handle.
B. Heat is transferred through the air to the handle.
C. Heat is transferred through the metal particles in the pot.
D. Heat is absorbed by the handle from the surrounding water.

35. Geothermal power plants are a significant source of renewable energy. These power plants use heat from the
Earth's interior to generate electricity. A student is researching how geothermal energy is converted into electricity
and learns about the role of heat engines in this. How does a geothermal power plant in the Philippines transform
heat energy from the Earth into electrical energy?
A. By using solar panels to absorb heat and generate electricity directly.
B. By using thermoelectric materials to convert heat directly into electricity.
C. By storing heat in batteries and releasing it as electrical energy when needed.
D. By using heat to produce steam, which drives a turbine connected to a generator.

36. The Philippines is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire, where tectonic plates interact, causing frequent
earthquakes. A geologist studies a fault in the Philippine Fault Zone and observes that the fault plane has a low
angle, and the hanging wall has moved upward relative to the footwall. Based on the geologist's observations, what
type of fault is most likely present in the Philippine Fault Zone?
A. Normal Fault
B. Reverse Fault
C. Strike-Slip Fault
D. None of the choices

37. A powerful earthquake recently struck Luzon, Philippines, causing significant damage. Scientists determined that
the earthquake was caused by the movement of the Philippine Fault Zone, a major fault system in the country. The
P-waves and S-waves had shown that the fault movement was primarily horizontal, with no significant vertical
displacement. Based on the scientists' observations, which type of fault most likely caused the earthquake in
Luzon, and why is this type of fault common in the Philippines?
A. Strike-Slip Fault, because the Philippines is experiencing shear stress.
B. Normal Fault, because the Philippines is experiencing tensional stress.
C. Reverse Fault, because the Philippines is experiencing compressional stress.
D. Thrust Fault, because the Philippines is experiencing low-angle compressional stress.

38. The table below shows Philippine earthquakes that have occurred over the past 50 years. Analyze the data for
each earthquake and determine which one will cause greater damage.

A. Moro Gulf
B. Central Luzon
C. Negros Island
D. Batanes

39. A group of students in Salawagan, Bukidnon, used the PHIVOLCS FaultFinder app to assess the earthquake risk in
their community. The app showed that the nearest fault system is the South Bukidnon Fault, located approximately
7.5 kilometers away. The students also learned that this fault is active and capable of producing strong
 earthquakes. Based on the information from the PHIVOLCS FaultFinder app as shown on the image, what should
the students conclude about the earthquake risk in Salawagan, Bukidnon?

A. The earthquake risk is low because the fault is far from the
community
B. The earthquake risk is high because the fault is active and
relatively close.
C. The earthquake risk is moderate because the fault is active but
not very close.
D. The earthquake risk cannot be determined without knowing the
fault type.

40. The magnitude 7.2 earthquake that struck Bohol in 2013 had a focus which was 12 kilometers below the surface,
and the epicenter was near the town of Sagbayan. The earthquake did not generate a tsunami because it occurred
on land. However, they warned that underwater earthquakes along the Philippine Trench could potentially trigger
tsunamis in the future. The earthquake risk is low because the fault is far from the community. Which of the
following statements is true regarding these earthquakes along Philippine Trench?
A. The intensity of an earthquake is the same as its magnitude, regardless of location.
B. Underwater earthquakes always generate tsunamis, regardless of the type of fault movement.
C. The epicenter is the point inside the Earth where the earthquake originates, while the focus is on the
surface.
D. Underwater earthquakes with vertical seafloor displacement are more likely to generate tsunamis than
those with horizontal movement.

41. The Division of Bukidnon has implemented an excellent disaster readiness program to prepare its residents for
earthquakes. During a recent earthquake drill, residents practiced the "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" technique and
were reminded to evacuate to designated safe zones after the shaking stopped. A student is analyzing the
effectiveness of these actions and their importance in reducing earthquake-related injuries and fatalities. Why is the
"Drop, Cover, and Hold On" technique emphasized the Division's DRRM earthquake readiness program, and what
should residents do immediately after the shaking stops?
A. "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" prevents buildings from collapsing, and residents should stay indoors to avoid
aftershocks.
B. "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" protects individuals from falling objects, and residents should evacuate to safe
zones if necessary.
C. "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" stops the earthquake, and residents should immediately return to their homes.
D. "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" reduces the magnitude of the earthquake, and residents should call
emergency services only if injured.

42. The occurrence of a tsunami is usually affected by several factors, such as the amount of energy it releases, the
type of fault, the depth, and the location of its focus. The table below shows several earthquakes from the past 12
years. Study the data for each earthquake and determine which one is most likely to trigger a tsunami warning..
 A. Bohol
B. Batangas
C. Davao del Sur
D. Eastern Samar

43. After a tsunami warning is issued in a coastal barangay in the Philippines, local authorities spring into action to alert
residents and prepare for potential impact. What is the most effective action the authorities should take to ensure
community safety following the tsunami alert?
A. Wait for residents to seek information on their own before taking any action.
B. Encourage residents to stay indoors and monitor social media for developments.
C. Focus solely on providing updates about the earthquake and ignore the need for evacuation.
D. Immediately activate the early warning system, conduct public announcements, and initiate evacuation
procedures to higher ground.

44. Image on the left shows the changes of atmospheric temperature as the altitude increases. Which of the following
statements correctly describes the temperature and altitude characteristics of the different layers of the
atmosphere?

A. The troposphere is the hottest layer, with

temperatures increasing with altitude, while the
stratosphere is much colder.
B. The stratosphere experiences rising
temperatures with altitude due to ozone
absorption, whereas the mesosphere is the
coldest layer, with temperatures decreasing as
altitude increases.
C. The thermosphere is the lowest layer where
temperatures drop significantly, while the
exosphere has a consistent temperature
throughout its extent.
D. The stratosphere experiences rising
temperatures with altitude due to ozone
absorption, whereas the mesosphere is the
coldest layer, with temperatures decreasing as
altitude increases. F

45. You are tasked with presenting the reasons for the division of the atmosphere's layers to your classmates. You
want to illustrate how these divisions are relevant to local weather patterns and climate. What is the primary reason
for dividing the atmosphere into distinct layers that you should emphasize in your presentation?

A. The layers are divided solely based on the presence of different weather systems in the troposphere.
 B. The atmosphere is divided based on the types of clouds that form in each layer, indicating weather
changes.
C. The layers are defined only by the altitude above sea level, with no consideration for temperature or gas
composition.
D. The layers are categorized according to the temperature gradient, which affects weather patterns, air
density, and the behavior of atmospheric gases.

46. Study the diagram of the Earth’s tilt. How does the tilt of the Earth contribute to the occurrence of monsoons in the
Philippines?

A. It reduces the amount of rainfall

during the dry season.
B. It increases the intensity of solar
radiation during summer.
C. It causes uneven heating of the
Earth’s surface, creating pressure
differences.
D. It has no effect on monsoon
F formation.
47. The length of daytime varies slightly throughout the year. During the summer solstice in June, daytime is longer,
while during the winter solstice in December, daytime is shorter. A student is studying how the Earth's tilt affects
these changes and creates a model to demonstrate the phenomenon. Based on the student's model, which of the
following statements correctly explains how the Earth's tilt affects the length of daytime in the Philippines?

A. The Earth's tilt causes the Philippines to experience equal

day and night throughout the year.
B. The Earth's tilt causes the Philippines to experience longer
nights in June and longer days in December.
C. The Earth's tilt has no effect on the length of daytime in the
Philippines because it is located near the equator.
D. The Earth's tilt causes daytime to be longer in June and
shorter in December due to the Northern Hemisphere's
orientation toward or away from the Sun.

48. During a family gathering in June, Lito notices that the sun sets much later in their barangay compared to
December. His cousin suggests it's because the Earth moves closer to the Sun in June. Lito recalls their science
class discussing the Earth’s tilt.
Which statement best explains why daytime is longer
F in the Philippines during June than in

December?
A. The Earth’s rotation slows down in June,
extending daytime hours.
B. The Earth orbits closer to the Sun in June,
increasing sunlight exposure.
C. The Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the Sun
in June, making daylight hours longer.
F D. The Philippines receives direct sunlight year-
round due to its proximity to the equator.

49. John is at a beach in Samal during the day. He feels a breeze coming from the sea towards the land. What causes
this sea breeze?

A. The Earth's rotation directs wind from

the sea to the land.
B. The tides change direction, causing air
to move from the sea to the land.
C. The moon's gravitational pull affects the
wind, causing it to move from the sea to
the land.
 D. The land heats up faster than the sea due to solar energy, causing air to move from the sea to the land.

50. Ana and her family are planning a picnic at a coastal area in Boracay the summer monsoon season. They notice
that the weather forecast predicts strong sea breezes during the day and heavy rainfall in the late afternoon due to
the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). How does solar energy influence both the sea
breezes and the heavy rainfall they are experiencing?
A. Solar energy causes the tides to change, which leads to sea breezes and the formation of the ITCZ.
B. Solar energy affects the moon's gravitational pull, resulting in sea breezes and the movement of the
ITCZ.
C. Solar energy evenly heats the land and sea, causing consistent weather patterns without affecting the
ITCZ.
D. Solar energy heats the land faster than the sea, creating sea breezes, and it also causes the ITCZ to
shift, bringing in moisture-laden air.