[Link] CHEMISTRY BY A.K.G.

LANDMARK CITY, KOTA

NEET-UG Total Marks : 240
Practice Sheets -2

* Chemistry [240]

1. If 8 g of a non-electrolyte solute is dissolved in 114 g of n-octane to reduce its

vapour pressure to 80%, the molar mass (in gmol
−1
) of the solute is
Given that molar mass of n-octane is 114 g mol
−1

(A) 20 (B) 40 (C) 60 (D) 80

Ans. : b
Assuming dilute solution
ΔP nB wB mA

0
= = ⋅
nA mB WA
P
A

20 8 114
= ⋅
100 mB 114

8×100 −1
mB = = 40gmol
20

2. The colligative properties of a solution depend on

(A) Nature of solute particles present in it
(B) Nature of solvent used
(C) Number of solute particles present in it
(D) Number of moles of solvent only
Ans. : c
Colligative properties : Those physical properties of a solution which depend upon
the number of particles in a given volume of the solution or the mole fraction of
the solute are called colligative properties.
The following four properties are colligative properties :
(i ) Lowering of vapour pressure of the solvent.
(ii ) Elevation in boiling point of the solvent.
(iii ) Depression in freezing point of solvent.
(iv ) Osmotic pressure.
3. The relative lowering of vapour pressure produced by dissolving 71.5 g of a
substance in 1000 g of water is 0.00713. The molecular weight of the substance
will be
(A) 18 (B) 342 (C) 60 (D) 180
Ans. : d
w
0

(d) P − Ps

0
= w
m

W
P +
m M

71.5/m
0.00713 = 71.5 1000
+
m 18

Page 1
 m = 180

4. 60 gm of Urea (Mol. wt 60) was dissolved in 9.9 moles , of water. If the vapour
pressure of pure water is P , the vapour pressure of solution is
o

(A) 0.10 Po (B) 1.10 Po (C) 0.90 Po (D) 0.99 Po

Ans. : c
0 0
P − Ps P − Ps
(c) 0
=
n

N
⇒ 0
=
9.9
1
⇒ 9.9P
0
− 9.9Ps = P
0

P P

0 8.9 0 0
8.9P = 9.9Ps ⇒ Ps = P ≈ 0.90P
9.9

5. The vapour pressure of a solvent A is 0.80 atm When a non-volatile substance

B is added to this solvent its vapour pressure drops to 0.6 atm . What is mole
fraction of B in solution
(A) 0.25 (B) 0.50 (C) 0.75 (D) 0.90

Ans. : a
Given: The vapour pressure of a solvent A = P = 0.80 atm 0

and After adding non-volatile substance B, vapour pressure, P = 0.6 atm

According to Raoult's Law for relative lowering of vapour pressure:
P0 −P
= XB
P0

0.80−0.6
⇒ = XB
0.80

i.e X = 0.25
B

Thus, mole fraction of B in the solution is 0.25 .

6. Which of the following solutions in water will have the lowest vapour pressure
(A) 0.1M , N aCl (B) 0.1M , Sucrose (C) 0.1M , BaCl2 (D) 0.1M N a3 P O4

Ans. : d
(d)
N a3 P O4 consist of maximum ions hence it show lowest vapour pressure.
N a3 P O4 → 3N a
+
+ PO
3−

4
= 4 ion.
7. The vapour pressure will be lowest for
(A) 0.1M sugar solution
(B) 0.1M K Cl solution
(C) 0.1M Cu(N O3 )2 solution
(D) 0.1M AgN O3 solution

Ans. : c
(c) Vapour pressure of a solvent is lowered by the presence of solute in it.
Lowering in vapour pressure is a colligative property i.e., it depends on the no. of
particles present in the solution. Cu(N O ) give the maximum no. of ions. 3 2 (i. e. , 3)

so it causes the greatest lowering in vapour pressure of water.

Page 2
 8. On adding solute to a solvent having vapour pressure 0.80 atm , vapour pressure
reduces to 0.60 atm. Mole fraction of solute is
(A) 0.25 (B) 0.75 (C) 0.5 (D) 0.33
Ans. : a
o

(a) ;
P − Ps n o
o = P = 0.80, Ps = 0.60
P n+N

∴
n

n+N
=
0.2

0.8
= 0.25 .
9. The vapour pressure of pure benzene at a certain temperature is 200 mm Hg .
At the same temperature the vapour pressure of a solution containing 2 g of
non-volatile non-electrolyte solid in 78 g of benzene is 195 mm Hg . What is the
molecular weight of solid
(A) 50 (B) 70 (C) 85 (D) 80

Ans. : d
o o

(d) P

P
− Ps
o =
n

n+N
;
P

P
− Ps
o =
w×M

m×W
= 80

10. The vapour pressure of pure water is 92.5 mm at 300 K . The vapour pressure of 1

molal solution of X in water is :-

(A) 180
(B) 90.86
(C) 45.4
(D) Unpredictable because molar mass is not given

Ans. : b
∘
P − Ps nB
=
Ps nA

92.5−Ps 1
= 1000
Ps
18

Pt = 90.86

11. The vapour pressure of a dilute aqueous solution of glucose is 750 mm of

mercury at 373 K . The mole fraction of solvent is
(A) 10
1
(B) 75

76
(C) 1

76
(D) 1

760

Ans. : c
According to Raoult's Law,
△P
= XSolute
P

The pressure value at 373K = 760mm

760−750
⇒ = XSolute
760

⇒ mole fraction of solute =

1

76

12. The relative lowering in vapour pressure of an aqueous solution of urea which is
6% by weight, is
(A) 0.2 (B) 0.8 (C) 0.019 (D) Can't predict

Page 3
 Ans. : (C) 0.019

13. ......... gm weight of non-volatile solute having molecular weight 40 , which should
be dissolve in 57 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80% .
(A) 47.2 (B) 5 (C) 106.2 (D) None of these

Ans. : b
0
P − PS W ×114 0.2
= Xsolute = =
PS 40×57 0.8

W = 5g

14. 3g urea is dissolved in 45 g of water. The relative lowering of vapour pressure is

(A) 0.05 (B) 0.04 (C) 0.02 (D) 0.01

Ans. : c
ΔP 0.05
o = xB = = 0.0196 ≅0.02
P 2.5+0.05

15. An aqueous solution of 2% non volatile solute exerts a pressure of 1.004 bar at
the normal boiling point of the solvent. ......... g/mol is the molar mass of the
solute.
(A) 23.4 (B) 40.97 (C) 10 (D) 20.8

Ans. : b
V.P. of pure water at B. P . = 1 atm ≈ 1.01325 bar
V.P. of solution (Ps ) = 1.004 bar

Suppose mass of solution = 100 g

then mass of solute = 2 g

∴ mass of solvent = 100 − 2 = 98 g

from
P0 − Ps nB wB / MB
= =
Ps nA wA / MA

1.013−1.004 2/MB
⇒ =
1.004 98/18

0.009 1 18
⇒ = ×
1.004 49 MB

⇒ MB = 40.9 g/mol

16. The relative lowering in vapour pressure of an aqueous solution of urea which is
6% by weight, is
(A) 0.2 (B) 0.8 (C) 0.01 (D) Can't predict

Ans. : (C) 0.01

17. One mole of glucose is dissolved in 2 moles of water. The vapour pressure of
solution relative to that of water is
(A) 2

3
(B) 1

3
(C) 1

2
(D) 3

Ans. : a
Relative lowering in vapor pressure
∘
P − PS
= ∘ = xA
P

Where xA = mole fraction of non-volatile solute.

Page 4
 ∘
P − Ps 1
∴ ∘ =
P 3

Ps 1 2
∴ ∘ = 1− =
P 3 3

18. The Total pressure observed by mixing two liquid A and B is 350 mm Hg when
their mole fractions are 0.7 and 0.3 [Link] Total pressure becomes
410 mm Hg if the mole fractions are changed to 0.2 and 0.8 respectively for A and

B . The vapour pressure of pure A is . . . . . . . . . . . mm Hg . (Nearest integer)

Consider the liquids and solutions behave ideally.
(A) 314 (B) 312 (C) 311 (D) 310
Ans. : a
Let V .P. of pure A be P
0
A

Let V .P of pure B be P
B
0

When XA = 0.7&XB = 0.3 Ps = 350

0 0
⇒ P × 0.7 + P × 0.3 = 350
A B

When XA = 0.2&XB = 0.8

Ps = 410

0 0
⇒ P × 0.2 + P × 0.8 = 410
A B

Solving (i) and (ii) P

0

A
= 314 mm Hg

0
P = 434 mm Hg
B

= (314)

19. Mass of Urea (N H2 CON H2 ) required to be dissolved in 1000g of water to reduce

the vapour pressure of water by 25% is ......g . (Nearest integer) Given: Molar
mass of N , C, O and H are 14, 12, 16 and 12 mol
−1
respectively.
(A) 1112 (B) 1113 (C) 1114 (D) 1111

Ans. : d
x
0 0 0
P − Ps nsolute 60 P −0.75 P
= = 1000
= 0
Ps nsolve nt
0.75P
18

10000
⇒ x = = 1111 gm
9

20. What weight of glucose must be dissolved in 100g of water to lower the vapour
pressure by 0.20 mm Hg ? (Assume dilute solution is being formed) Given:
Vapour pressure of pure water is 54.2 mm Hg at room temperature. Molar mass
of glucose is 180 g mol
−1

(A) 4.69 g (B) 3.59 g (C) 2.59 g (D) 3.69 g

Ans. : d

(for dilute solution)

0
P − P5 n
0
=
N
P

0.2 n×18
=
54.2 100

100
n =
271×18

100×180
w = ; w = 3.69 g
271×18

Page 5
21. 80 mole percent of M gCl is dissociated in aqueous solution. The vapour 2

pressure of 1.0 molal aqueous solution of M gCl at 38 C is . . . . . . . . . mm Hg . 2

∘

(Nearest integer)Given : Vapour pressure of water at 38 C is 50 mm Hg ∘

(A) 47 (B) 48 (C) 46 (D) 45

Ans. : b
+2 −
M gC l2 → M g + 2C l

1−α α 2α

i = 1 + 2α(α = 0.8)

i = 2.6

Δp i×n2
∘
=
p n1

Δp = 2.34

ps = 47.66

ps ≅48

22. When a certain amount of solid A is dissolved in 100 g of water at 25 C to make ∘

a dilute solution, the vapour pressure of the solution is reduced to one-half of

that of pure water. The vapour pressure of pure water is 23.76 mm Hg. The
number of moles of solute A added is . . . . . . . . . . . (Nearest Integer)
(A) 2 (B) 3 or 6 (C) 4 (D) 5
Ans. : b
∵ Diliute solution given:
0 n
P − Ps solute
0
∼ n
P solvent

0 0
P −P /2 n
solute
0
=
nsolve nt
P

" solute ∼
n
solvent 100
= = 2.78 mol
2 18×2

More accurate approach:

0
P − PS n
solute
= n
PS solvent

0 0
P −P /2 n
solute
0
= n
P /2 solvent

n 100
" solute = solvent = = 5.55 mol
18

23. A set of solutions is prepared using 180 g of water as a solvent and 10 g of

different non-volatile solutes A, B and C . The relative lowering of vapour
pressure in the presence of these solutes are in the order
[Given, molar mass of A = 100 g mol
−1
; B = 200 g mol
−1 −1
C = 10, 000 g mol ]

(A) A > B > C (B) A > C > B (C) C > B > A (D) B > C > A

Ans. : a
Relative lowering of V .P.=
ΔP
0
= xsolute
P

10 10

ΔP 100 ΔP 200
( 0
) = 10 180
: ( 0
) = 10 180
P A + P B +
100 18 200 18

Page 6
 10

ΔP 10,000 ΔP ΔP ΔP
( 0
) = 10 180
: ( 0
) > ( 0
) > ( 0
)
P C + P A P B P C
10,000 18

24. The mass of non-volatile, non-elctrolyte solute (molar mass = 50 g mol

−1
) needed
to be dissolved in 114 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 75%, is ..............
g

(A) 37.5 (B) 75 (C) 150 (D) 50

Ans. : c
Molar mass of octane = 114 g/mol
From the lowering of vapour pressure we have,
W2

ΔP M2

= W W
P 2 1
+
M M
2 1

W2

75 50 g/mol

= W2
100 114 g
+
50 g/mol 114 g/mol

W
2

50
0.75 = W2
+1
50

W2 W2
+1 =
50 50 × 0.75

W2 = 150 g

Note : W2 vand M2 are mass and molar mass of solute and W1 and M1 are mass
and molar mass of octane.
25. 12 gof a nonvolatile solute dissolved in 108 g of water produces the relative
lowering of vapour pressure of 0.1. The molecular mass of the solute is
(A) 80 (B) 60 (C) 20 (D) 40
Ans. : c
o
P − Ps n w M
o = = ×
P N m W

12 18
0.1 = ×
m 108

12 × 18
m = = 20
0.1 × 108

26. Liquids A and B form ideal solution for all compositions of A and B at 25 C . Two ∘

such solutions with 0.25 and 0.50 mole fractions of A have the total vapor
pressures of 0.3 and 0.4 bar, respectively. What is the vapor pressure of pure
liquid B in bar?
(A) 0.10 (B) 0.15 (C) 0.20 (D) 0.25
Ans. : c
∘ ∘
PT = P XA + P XB
A B

∘ ∘
0.3 = P × 0.25 + P × 0.75 . . . . . . (i)
A B

∘ ∘
0.4 = P × 0.5 + P × 0.5
A B

∘ ∘
0.8 = P +P . . . . . . (ii)
A B

on solving eq n

Page 7
 ∘ ∘
PT = P XA + P XB
A B

∘ ∘
0.3 = P × 0.25 + P × 0.75
A B

∘ ∘
0.4 = P × 0.5 + P × 0.5
A B

∘ ∘
0.8 = P +P
A B

on solving eq n
(i) & (ii)

∘ ∘
P = 0.6, P = 0.2
A B

(i) & (ii)

∘ ∘
P = 0.6, P = 0.2
A B

27. On dissolving 0.5g of a non-volatile non-ionic solute to 39g of benzene, its vapor
pressure decreases from 650mmHg to 640mmHg . The depression of freezing
point of benzene (in K ) upon addition of the solute is. . . . .
(Given data : Molar mass and the molal freezing point depression constant of
benzene are 78gmol
−1
and 5.12K kgmol
−1
, respectively)
(A) 1.01 (B) 1.02 (C) 1.03 (D) 1.04
Ans. : c
∘
P − Ps nsolhto
∘ =
P nsolife + nsolve st

650−640 nsolite
=
650 nsohte +0.5

5
nsolhte = ( )
640

Molality= 5×1000

640×39

ΔTf = m × Kb

5.12×5×1000
=
640×39

= 1.0256

ΔIf ≈ 1.03

28. Vapour pressure of a solution of 5g of non- electrolyte in 100 g of water at a

particular temperature is 2985 N /m
2
. The vapour pressure of pure water is
3000N /m
2
. The molecular weight of the solute is
(A) 60 (B) 120 (C) 180 (D) 380
Ans. : c
W2 5

Or
o

(c) P − Ps 3000−2985
M2 M2

o = W1
= = 100
M2 = 180
P 3000
18
M1

29. Which of the following is not a colligative property [

(A) Optical activity
(B) Elevation in boiling point
(C) Osmotic pressure
(D) Lowering of vapour pressure
Ans. : a
Colligative properties are the properties which depend upon the number of solute

Page 8
 particles present in the solution.
Optical activity does not depends upon number of particles present hence it is not
a colligative property.
30. Colligative properties of a solution depends upon
(A) Nature of both solvent and solute
(B) The relative number of solute and solvent particles
(C) Nature of solute only
(D) Nature of solvent only
Ans. : b
Colligative properties are those properties of solutions that depend on the ratio of
the number of solute particles to the number of solvent molecules in a solution,
and not on the nature of the chemical species present.
31. Which is not a colligative property
(A) Refractive index
(B) Lowering of vapour pressure
(C) Depression of freezing point
(D) Elevation of boiling point

Ans. : a
Colligative properties depend on how many solute particles are present as well as
the solvent amount, but they do NOT depend on the type of solute particles.
Hence, Refractive Index is not a colligative particles as it only depends on nature of
materials.
32. Colligative properties are used for the determination of
(A) Molar Mass
(B) Equivalent weight
(C) Arrangement of molecules
(D) Melting point and boiling point
Ans. : a
Colligative properties are properties of solutions that do not depend on the kind of
solvent but only on the amount of solute molecules. Hence, Colligative properties
are used for the determination of Molar Mass.
33. The colligative properties of a solution depend on
(A) The relative number of solute particles present in it
(B) The chemical nature of the solute particle present in it.
(C) The size of the container used
(D) None of these

Page 9
 Ans. : a
Colligative properties : Those physical properties of a solution which depend upon
the number of particles in a given volume of the solution or the mole fraction of
the solute are called colligative properties.
The following four properties are colligative properties :
(i ) Lowering of vapour pressure of the solvent.
(ii ) Elevation in boiling point of the solvent.
(iii ) Depression in freezing point of solvent.
(iv ) Osmotic pressure.
34. Which of the following is not a colligative property
(A) Depression in freezing point.
(B) Elevation in boiling point
(C) Vapour pressure
(D) Osmotic pressure
Ans. : (C) Vapour pressure
35. “The relative lowering of the vapour pressure is equal to the mole fraction of
the solute.” This law is called
(A) Henry's law (B) Raoult's law (C) Ostwald's law (D) Arrhenius's law

Ans. : b
According to Raoult's law, for dilute solutions containing non volatile solute,
the relative lowering of vapor pressure, ΔP

P0
is equal to the mole fraction of solute,
X2 .
36. If P o
and P are the vapour pressure of a solvent and its solution respectively
and N and N are the mole fractions of the solvent and solute respectively,
1 2

then correct relation is

(A) P = P
o
N1 (B) P = P
o
N2 (C) P o
= P N2 (D) P = P
o
(N1 /N2 )

Ans. : a
If P and o Ps are the vapour pressures of the solvent and solution respectively, n1

and n are the mole fractions of the solvent and solute respectively, then P = P n .
2 s o 1

According to Raoult's law, the vapour pressure of a solvent above a solution is

equal to the vapour pressure of the pure solvent at the same temperature scaled
by the mole fraction of the solvent present.
P0 − Ps n
=
P0 n+N

P0 − Ps

P0
= n2 (as given)
Ps
1− = n2
P

Ps
= 1 − n2 = n1
Po

Ps = Po × n1

Page 10
 Hence, the correct option is A .
37. Which solution will show the maximum vapour pressure at 300 K

(A) 1 M C 12 H22 O11 (B) 1 M C H3 COOH (C) 1 M CaCl2 (D) 1 M N aCl

Ans. : a
(a)Sucrose will give minimum value of ΔP .
0
ΔP = P − Ps

Ps = P
0
− ΔP is maximum.
38. Which of the following is incorrect
(A) Relative lowering of vapour pressure is independent
(B) The vapour pressure is a colligative property
(C) Vapour pressure of a solution is lower than the vapour pressure of the solvent
(D) The relative lowering of vapour pressure is directly propertional to the original
pressure
Ans. : d
(d)According to Raoult's law, the relative lowering in vapour pressure of a dilute
solution is equal to mole fraction of the solute present in the solution.
39. Among the following substances the lowest vapour pressure is exerted by
(A) Water (B) Mercury (C) Kerosene (D) Rectified spirit
Ans. : b
Vapor pressure of mercury is very low (compared to a liquid like methyl alcohol)
because the forces of interaction between the individual metal atoms of mercury is
quite a bit stronger than the cohesive molecular forces (such as a hydrogen
bonding) that holds together several molecules in case of alcohols,ethers and
water.
40. When a substance is dissolved in a solvent, the vapour pressure of the solvent is
decreased. This results in
(A) An increase in the boiling point of the solution
(B) A decrease in the boiling point of solvent
(C) The solution having a higher freezing point than the solvent
(D) The solution having a lower osmotic pressure than the solvent
Ans. : a
(a)When vapour pressure of solvent decreases, then the boiling point of solvent
increases.
41. The vapour pressure of a liquid depends on
(A) Temperature but not on volume
(B) Volume but not on temperature
 (C) Temperature and volume
(D) Neither on temperature nor on volume
Ans. : a
When the vapour pressure of solvent decreases, then the boiling point of solvent
increases. The vapour pressure of a liquid depends on temperature but not on
volume.
42. The atmospheric pressure is sum of the
(A) Pressure of the biomolecules
(B) Vapour pressure of atmospheric constituents
(C) Vapour pressure of chemicals and vapour pressure of volatiles
(D) Pressure created on to atmospheric molecules

Ans. : b
The sum of all of Vapour pressure of atmospheric constituents, at sea level,
accounts for our atmospheric pressure.
one atmospheric pressure (atm) = 760 mm Hg or 760 torrs .
43. Lowering of vapour pressure is highest for
(A) Urea (B) 0.1 M glucose (C) 0.1 M M gSO4 (D) 0.1 M BaCl2

Ans. : d
the value of is maximum for
0

(d) P − Ps

0
= molality × (1−α + xα + yα) P
0
− Ps BaCl2 .
P

44. An aqueous solution of glucose was prepared by dissolving 18 g of glucose in

90 g of water. The relative lowering in vapour pressure is

(A) 0.02 (B) 1 (C) 20 (D) 180

Ans. : a
0

(a) P −P s
0
=
18×18

180×90
= 0.02 .
P

45. “Relative lowering in vapour pressure of solution containing non-volatile solute

is directly proportional to mole fraction of solute”. Above statement is
(A) Henry law (B) Dulong and Petit law
(C) Raoult's law (D) Le-Chatelier's principle
Ans. : c
The above statement is Raoult's law.
0
P −P
∘
= X
P

Raoult's Law
-From Raoult's law we see clearly that the amount of change in the vapor pressure
is dependent on the amount of the nonvolatile solute added to the solution (mole
fraction) not the quality of the solute.
46. Which has maximum vapour pressure
 (A) HI (B) HBr (C) HCl (D) HF
Ans. : c
(c)The lower is boiling point more is vapour pressure; boiling point order,
HCl < HBr < HI < HF

47. Which of the following solution in water possesses the lowest vapour pressure
(A) 0.1 (M ) N aCl (B) 0.1 (N ) BaCl 2 (C) 0.1 (M ) K Cl (D) None of these
Ans. : b
(b)BaCl gives maximum ion hence it is shows lowest vapour pressure.
2

48. Which one of the following is the incorrect form of raoult's law?
(A)
o o

P
P
o
− Ps
= 1+
N

n
(B) Ps

Po
=
N

n+N
(C) P
Ps
o
− Ps
=
N

n
(D) P

Ps
− Ps
=
n

n+N

Ans. : (D)
o
P − Ps n
=
Ps n+N

49. Vapour pressure of solvent is 17.5 mm Hg while that of dilute solution is 17.45 the
mole fraction of solvent is
(A) 1.05 (B) 17.48 (C) 0.075 (D) 0.997

Ans. : d
o
p −p
s n
o
=
p N

0.05 n
=
17.5 N

Xsolute = 0.003

Xsolvent = 0.997

50. The vapour pressure of high boiling liquid is ____. Then the vapour pressure of
low boiling liquid is
(A) Low (B) High
(C) May be high or low (D) Same
Ans. : a
Liquids having high b. p possess more attraction among molecules and thus show
low v. p .
51. The vapour pressure of water at room temperature is lowered by 5% by
dissolving a solute in it. Then the approximate molality of solution is
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 4 (D) 3
Ans. : d
0 s
P ⋅P
0
= χB = 0.05
P

5×1000
m = ≃ 3
95×18

52. The lubricating action of an oil is more if it possess

(A) High vapour pressure (B) Low vapour pressure
(C) High surface tension (D) High density
 Ans. : b
Substances of high vapour pressure (e.g. gasoline) evaporates more quickly than
substances of low vapour pressure
53. The vapour pressure of a given liquid decrease if ?
(A) Surface area of liquid is decreased.
(B) The volume of the liquid in container is decreased.
(C) The volume of the vapour phase is increased
(D) The temperature is decreased.
Ans. : (D) The temperature is decreased.
54. If relative decrease in vapour pressure is 0.4 for a solution containing 1 mol N aCl

in 3 mol of H2 O , the degree of ionization of N aCl is .......... %.

(A) 60 (B) 50 (C) 100 (D) 40
Ans. : c
o
P − PS in
o =
P in+N

i×1
0.4 =
i×1+3

0.4 i + 1.2 = i

0.6 i = 1.2

i = 2

+ −
NaCl(aq) ⇌ Na (aq) + C l (aq)
1− α α α

1+α = 2

α = 1 or 100%

55. Which of the following is a colligative property

(A) Osmotic pressure (B) Boiling point
(C) Vapour pressure (D) Freezing point
Ans. : a
(a)Osmotic pressure is colligative property.
56. The relative lowering of the vapour pressure is equal to the ratio between the
number of
(A) Solute moleules and solvent molecules
(B) Solute molecules and the total molecules in the solution
(C) Solvent molecules and the total molecules in the solution
(D) Solvent molecules and the total number of ions of the solute

Ans. : b
(b)The relative lowering of the vapour pressure of dilute solution is equal to the
mole fraction of the solute molecule present in the solution.
57. 12 g of urea is dissolved in 1 litre of water and 68.4 g of sucrose is dissolved in
1 litre of water. The lowering of vapour pressure of first case is

(A) equal to second

(B) greater than second
(C) less than second
(D) double that of second
Ans. : a
Moles of urea =
12

60
= 0.2

Moles of sucrose = = 0.2

68.4

342

Both are non electrolyte hence lowering of V .P. will be same.

58. Assertion : Lowering of vapour pressure is directly proportional to osmotic
pressure of the solution.
Reason : Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.
(A) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of
the Assertion.
(B) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of
the Assertion.
(C) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(D) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
Ans. : b
Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
The relationship between lowering of vapour pressure and osmotic pressure can
be derrived as follows;
Van't Hoff equation for dilute solution is
π =
n

V
.....(i)
RT

In case of a dilute solution, the volume of solution can be taken as equal to that of
solvent. If N is the number of moles of solvent of molecular weight M and density
ρ the volume V is given by

V =
NM

ρ
...... (ii)
or n

N
=
ρRT
πM
.... (iii)
From Raoult's law,
or
o
p −p

p
o =
N
n
...... (iv)

and
o
p −p
∴
p
o =
πM

ρRT
[From (iii) (iv) ]
or (p
o
− p) =
πM

ρRT
× p
o

The factor is constant at constant temperature.

o
Mp

ρRT

o
∴ (p − p) ∝ π
 or lowering of V .P.∝ osmotic pressure Thus assertion is correct.
Osmotic pressure is a colligative property is correct.
59. Which of the following is a colligative property
(A) Surface tension (B) Viscosity
(C) Osmotic pressure (D) Optical rotation
Ans. : c
Colligative properties- The properties that depend upon the ratio of the number of
solute molecules and total molecules not upon the nature of solute molecules
named as colligative properties.
Example- Osmotic pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression in freezing point
and relative lowering of vapour pressure.
60. Assertion : Molecular mass of benzoic acid when determined by colligative
properties is found high
Reason : Dimerisation of benzoic acid.
(A) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of
the Assertion.
(B) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of
the Assertion.
(C) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(D) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
Ans. : a
A molecular mass of benzoic acid is found high because of dimerisation of benzoic
acid.
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