PRACTICE PAPER 03 (2024-25)
ECONOMICS - CHAPTER 01 DEVELOPMENT
(ANSWERS)
SUBJECT: SOCIAL SCIENCE MAX. MARKS : 40
CLASS : X DURATION : 1½ hrs
General Instructions:
(i). All questions are compulsory.
(ii). This question paper contains 18 questions divided into five Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii). Section A comprises of 8 MCQs of 1 mark each. Section B comprises of 3 questions of 2 marks
each. Section C comprises of 4 questions of 3 marks each. Section D comprises of 2 questions of
5 marks each and Section E comprises of 1 Case Study Based Questions of 4 marks each.
(iv). There is no overall choice.
(v). Use of Calculators is not permitted
SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 8 carry 1 mark each.
1. Read the data given below and answer the question.
Infant mortality rate per Literacy rate%
State
1000 live births (2018) (2017-18)
Haryana 30 82
Kerala 7 94
As per the data given above, why has Kerala a low infant mortality rate?
(a) It has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities.
(b) It has adequate provision of basic health and cultural facilities.
(c) It has adequate provision of basic social and educational facilities.
(d) It has adequate provision of basic health and technical facilities.
Ans. (a) It has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities.
The literacy rate is inversely proportional to the infant mortality rate. The higher the level of
education, the lower the level of infant mortality rate. In the given data, it is observed that Kerala
has a higher literacy rate than Haryana which is the reason for the low infant mortality rate in
Kerala.
2. Read the following data and answer the question that follow:
Some comparative Data on Haryana, Kerala and Bihar
Infant Mortality Net Attendance
Literacy
State Rate (per thousand Ratio (per 100
Rate %
person) person)
Haryana 30 82 61
Kerala 7 94 83
Bihar 32 62 43
How much is the Net Absence Ratio of Haryana? Choose the appropriate option from the
following:
(a) 39 (b) 27 (c) 38 (d) 18
Ans. (a) 39
The Net Attendance Ratio per 100 in Haryana is 61. To calculate the Net Absence Ratio,
students must subtract the Net Attendance Ratio from 100.
Net Absence Ratio = 100 – 61 = 39
3. Under the sustainable development goals, social equality with regard to access to resources is
one of the most pressing challenges. Accordingly, which of the following crises is related to the
statement above?
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(a) Damage to infrastructure due to floods
(b) Scarcity of clean water for consumption
(c) Damage to crops caused by heavy rains
(d) Combating water-borne diseases in rural India
Ans. (b) Scarcity of clean water for consumption
Scarcity of clean water for consumption damages social equality because some regions have
abundance of these resources while other regions face a scarcity.
4. Which of the following statements defines Sustainable Development?
(a) Sustainable use of natural resources without considering the need of the future generation.
(b) Present generation fulfils its needs while considering the needs of the future generation as
well.
(c) It means utilization of natural resources by the past, present and future generation.
(d) To meet the needs of the future generations even if the needs of the present generation go
unmet.
Ans. (b) Present generation fulfils its needs while considering the needs of the future generation
as well.
5. Suppose there are four families in your locality, the average per capita income of whom is
10,000. If the income of three families is 6,000, 8,000 and 14,000 respectively, what would be
the income of the fourth family?
(a) 5,000 (b) 10,000 (c) 12,000 (d) 15,000
Ans. (c) 12,000
It is given that the average per capita income is 10000 (only for calculation purposes)
10000 = (X + 6000 + 8000 + 14000) /4
Hence, X = 40000 – 28000 = 12000
6. Which one of the following is a developmental goal of the factory workers?
(a) Better wages (b) Better technology
(c) More hours of work (d) More labour work
Ans. (a) Better wages
Factory workers are not paid enough wages to reduce the overall cost of production. Hence, their
ideal developmental goal is more wages- suited according to their work.
In the following questions 7 and 8, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A)
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A)
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true
7. Assertion (A): Kerala has low Infant Mortality Rate.
Reason (R): Kerala has adequate provision of basic health and educational facilities.
Ans. (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A)
8. Assertion (A): Development involves thinking about the ways in which we can work towards
achieving goals of holistic growth.
Reason (R): Holistic growth is economic growth.
Ans. (c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false
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SECTION – B
Questions 9 to 11 carry 2 marks each.
9. Study the picture and answer the questions that follow:
(a) What could be the developmental goal for the shown area?
(b) Can there be conflicting developmental goals for the people in the picture?
Ans. (a) The developmental goal for the people living in a slum will be provision of sturdy but
affordable houses and other living conditions including food, water and health facilities.
(b) Yes, people from similar class can also have conflicting developmental goals.
10. “Different persons can have different developmental goals.” Support the statement with an
example.
Ans. “Different persons can have different developmental goals”. People have different
developmental goal because they come from different background. Development goal for farmer
might be irrigation facilities for an unemployed youth it may mean employment opportunities.
11. Why is average income considered as an important criteria for development? Give one reason.
Ans. Average income represents the total income of a country divided by the total population. If
the average income is adequate to meet the basic requirements and other facilities, then country
is considered developed.
SECTION – C
Questions 12 to 15 carry 3 marks each.
12. “Money cannot buy all the goods and services that a person may need to live well”. Explain the
statement with suitable examples.
Ans. Money cannot buy all the goods and services that a person may need to live well. Income
by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of material goods and services that citizens are
able to use. For example, normally, money cannot buy a pollution free environment or ensure
that a person gets unadulterated medicines, unless a person can afford to shift to a community
that already has all these things. Money may also not be able to protect individual from infection,
disease, unless the whole of our community takes preventive steps.
13. ‘The question of sustainability of development raises many fundamentally new issues about the
nature and process of development’. Explain it with examples.
Ans. (i) Sustainable development has continued to evolve as that of protecting the world’s
resources while its true agenda is to control the world’s resources.
(ii) Environmentally sustainable economic growth refers to economic development that meets
the needs of all without leaving future generations with fewer natural resources than those we
enjoy today.
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(iii) The essence of this form of development is a stable relationship between human activities
and the natural world, which does not diminish the prospects for future generations to enjoy a
quality of life at least as good as our own.
(iv) Example: Crude oil that we extract from the earth is a non-renewable resource. Still its
explorations are being done non-judiciously.
14. What is meant by economic development? What are the two bases of measuring economic
development of a country?
Ans. Economic development means the rate of production is greater than the rate of increase in
population and the rate of growth of GDP is high enough to fulfill the basic needs of the
population.
Two basis of measuring development of a country are:
(i) Average or per capita income.
(ii) National income and public facilities.
15. "The future generation may not have sufficient resources as compared to the present generation."
Explain the statement by giving suitable examples.
Ans. The future generation may not have sufficient resources as compared to the present
generation. This can be asserted in the following ways:
(i) Resources like groundwater are getting overused everyday. They might get exhausted very
soon.
(ii) Even renewable resources like hydropower may get exhausted.
(iii) Newer resources keep on adding to the line but they all have limited life due to their
overuse.
SECTION – D
Questions 16 to 17 carry 5 marks.
16. ‘Per capita income is not considered a true measure of development.’ Comment.
Ans. When the total income of a country is divided by its total population, it is called per capita
income or average income. It is not considered a true measure of development because of the
following reasons:
(i) It does not indicate how this income is distributed among the people as population is a
variable component.
(ii) Life expectancy and infant mortality rate can be used as other criteria for measuring
development.
(iii) Literacy rate and health status of people in the country can be the other criteria for
measuring development.
(iv) A corruption-free society, gender equality, pollution-free environment, investments in the
health and education sector, etc. are some other indicators of measuring development.
17. How has the World Bank classified countries? What are the limitations of this report?
Ans. The World Bank classifies countries according to the Per Capita Income:
(i) Countries with a per capita income of more than US $49,300 per annum and above are called
rich countries.
(ii) Countries with per capita income less than US $2500 are called poor countries.
(iii) Countries with per capita income between the range of US $49300 - $2500 are called middle
income countries.
The limitations of this report can be explained in the following points:
(i) It considers only income. Other aspects of life are ignored.
(ii) The World Development Report (WDR) only talks about income per person and not the
economic gap between different communities and classes.
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SECTION – E (Case Study Based Questions)
Questions 18 carry 4 marks each.
18. Population trends and dynamics can have an enormous effect on prospects for poverty reduction
and sustainable development. Poverty is influenced by – and influences – population dynamics,
including population growth, age structure, and rural-urban distribution. All of this has a critical
impact on a country’s development prospects and prospects for raising living standards for the
poor. Investments in better health, including reproductive health, are essential for individual
security and for reducing mortality and morbidity (the condition of suffering from a disease or
medical condition), which in turn improve a country’s productivity and development prospects.
Source: UNFPA
(a) How does investing in improved healthcare infrastructure contribute to the reduction of
preventable diseases and chronic conditions? (2)
(b) Explain the relationship between population trends and poverty reduction. (2)
OR
(b) ‘Poverty is influenced by – and influences – population dynamics, including population
growth, age structure, and rural urban distribution.’ (2)
Analyse the statement and highlight the mutual relationship between poverty and population.
Ans. (a) (i) Investments in better healthcare provide people with access to essential healthcare
services, such as vaccinations, prenatal care, and treatment for common diseases.
(ii) This can help to reduce the number of people who die from preventable diseases (mortality)
and who suffer from chronic conditions (morbidity).
(b) An expanding population can exert pressure on a country's resources, including food, water,
and land, which can consequently result in heightened poverty levels as individuals may face
insufficient access to nourishment and adequate housing. (to be assessed as a whole)
OR
(b) (i) Population growth can strain resources and infrastructure, potentially increasing poverty.
(ii) The age structure of a population affects labour markets and social support systems, which
can impact poverty levels.
(iii) Rural-urban distribution determines access to essential services and economic opportunities,
further influencing poverty rates.
(iv) Poverty can contribute to specific population dynamics, such as high fertility rates and
limited access to healthcare, perpetuating the cycle of poverty.
(two points to be assessed for two marks)
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